Researchers at Ohio State University used mathematics to study the proteins that influence the birth of a human fat cell, identifying three key proteins: NF-kB, PPAR-gamma, and cyclin D. The study's findings could lead to a better understanding of obesity and insulin resistance.
Tropical Depression Five's remnants have re-emerged in the Gulf of Mexico, with NASA satellites tracking its thunderstorms and potential for rebirth. The system has a 60% chance of developing into Tropical Depression 5 again, bringing heavy rainfall and gusty winds to coastal areas.
A new study found that more than one in four pregnant and postpartum women in India experienced physical or non-physical abuse by in-laws. This form of abuse was significantly linked to intimate partner violence, with critical implications for prevention efforts.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have found that adult stem cells vital for lung repair are associated with a poor prognosis in patients who develop cancer. These cells may mutate into cancer-causing stem cells, making them a potential target for prevention strategies and new targeted therapies.
Researchers at the Buck Institute have used human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to treat rodent models of Parkinson's Disease, paving the way for potential cell therapies. The study shows that iPSC-derived dopamine-producing neurons can engraft and ameliorate behavioral deficits in animals with PD.
When faced with predator threats, snails settle for single parenthood sooner and adopt a different mating strategy. This approach reduces the risk of mortality and its negative effects on offspring survival rates. Research by biologist Josh Auld found that scared snails reproduce more quickly than calm counterparts.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have created a synthetic drug for malaria treatment that is more potent than naturally derived artemisinin. The new drug's stability makes it last longer in the body, reducing the chance of parasite re-appearance and making it more cost-effective to mass produce.
A retrospective study of 17 surgical programs from 13 countries found that the operative death rate was 0.2 percent, suggesting safe surgery is possible in these settings. The study highlights the need for quality improvement programs and global minimum standards for surgical care in humanitarian contexts.
Researchers are tracking short- and long-term exposure to oil and dispersants in Gulf Coast salt marshes. The goal is to document changes in Spartina grasses, plant growth, and marsh animals and microbes.
A study found that patients with basal cell carcinoma who have multiple lesions are at higher risk of developing more cancers. Red hair and a higher socioeconomic status were associated with an increased risk of multiple lesions.
Research finds that ambient lighting in cars enhances space perception, perceived quality of materials and design, and makes drivers feel safer. However, excessive brightness leads to driver complaints of distraction and discomfort.
A recent study published in Archives of Dermatology found that individuals with psoriasis are at a higher risk of developing depression, anxiety, and suicidality. The study estimated that there are over 10,400 cases of depression, 7,100 cases of anxiety, and 350 cases of suicidality related to psoriasis each year.
A new study from Virginia Commonwealth University finds that antidepressant desvenlafaxine, known as Pristiq, effectively treats major depression in women during perimenopause and menopause. The medication showed significant improvement in symptoms, with response rates of 58.6% for those taking Pristiq compared to 38.2% on placebo.
A study by Rice University geochemists found that human activities like damming have completely obscured the natural carbon dioxide cycle in the Brazos River. The researchers used radiocarbon dating to determine the age of carbon dioxide samples from seven sites along the river, revealing a unique geochemical story.
A newly formed advisory committee will review all federal breast cancer research efforts and develop recommendations for improving existing programs. The committee aims to expand opportunities for collaborative, multi-disciplinary research and advance the understanding of links between environment, genes, and health.
A study by Dr. Paul Frenette reveals a unique 'partnership' between bone marrow stem cells, which could lead to advances in regenerative medicine. The partnership involves hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells, with the latter playing crucial roles in maintaining HSCs and facilitating regeneration.
Researchers found that proactively disclosing medical errors decreased new legal claims and costs for health care systems. Collaboration between internists and specialists improved care for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection by increasing adherence to quality-of-care measures. However, administering corticosteroids to de...
Researchers mapped epigenetic changes during blood cell differentiation, revealing complex patterns and potential applications for stem cell therapies. The study's findings could guide understanding of diseases like leukemia and lymphoma, paving the way for new treatments.
A study by Thomas Schielke found that altering lighting can significantly affect the perceived brand identity of a store, with subtle differences between global regions. The study suggests that using consistent lighting designs can facilitate sending a specific brand image globally.
A study by David Blouin found that people who think of animals as children tend to have a city background, while those in rural areas may view pets as just another animal. Having children often changes owners' thoughts on their pets.
A recent NIH-funded study has uncovered a key step in brain events leading up to cocaine addiction, highlighting the potential for MeCP2 to regulate cocaine intake and determine vulnerability. By balancing with miRNA-212, this protein impacts an individual's motivation for self-administering cocaine.
Despite high burden of disease, many cancers are preventable or treatable with generic drugs, education, and training. Initiatives like vaccination against HPV and hepatitis B virus can significantly impact cancer mortality. GTF.CCC aims to support existing initiatives and improve health systems in LMICs.
A new study by researchers David Kirk and Derek S. Hyra found that foreclosures do not independently lead to increased crime rates in communities. The study suggests that both foreclosures and crime are products of similar community-level factors, including poverty, segregation, and political clout.
A study by Kristin Jordan found that low-income students are overrepresented in community colleges due to limited access to college preparation programs. Access to such programs is crucial for increasing the chances of attending a more selective college, regardless of academic ability or SAT scores.
A team of researchers has discovered a genetic link between the immune system and Parkinson's disease, finding a new association with the HLA region. The study, which analyzed over 2,000 patients and healthy volunteers, suggests that immune function may play a role in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found a connection between MeCP2 protein levels and psychostimulant-induced changes in adult mouse brains. The study suggests that MeCP2 may play a role in regulating the rewarding properties of stimulant drugs, which could lead to new treatments for addiction.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University and Vanderbilt University used an infrared laser to pace an avian embryonic heart, showing no harm to the tissue. This non-invasive device may help understand environmental factors affecting heart rate in embryos and develop new pacemakers.
A new study suggests that adolescent sexual intercourse in committed romantic relationships is often harmless to their academics. In contrast, youth who engage in sex outside of romantic relationships are at greater risk for academic problems such as truancy and dropping out. The research analyzed data from two waves of the National Lo...
The international community must prioritize cancer care as a global health issue, with stark disparities between low- and high-income countries. Implementing evidence-based interventions can prevent or ease suffering from many malignancies, reducing the gap in access to care.
Studies show that watching superheroes promote aggressive and autonomic behaviors can harm boys' relationships and psychological adjustment. Experts recommend teaching boys to resist these stereotypes and promoting healthy family and friendship relationships to improve their mental well-being.
Research from the University of Gothenburg found a link between middle age stress and late-life dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease. Women who reported repeated periods of stress in middle age were 65% more likely to develop dementia.
A team of marine microbiologists at Newcastle University have discovered that bacteria can detect airborne chemicals like ammonia using a molecular 'nose'. This ability leads to the production of biofilms, which are major causes of infection on medical implants and cost the marine industry millions every year.
Researchers at NC State University developed a screening tool to predict nanoparticle interactions with biological systems, allowing for improved safety and applications in drug delivery. The study uses molecular probes to create 'fingerprints' identifying how nanoparticles will behave inside the human body.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg identified a gene responsible for barnacles reacting to medetomidine, a substance that prevents fouling on ship hulls. This finding enables the development of an environmentally friendly and effective antifouling paint that acts as a deterrent.
Researchers have discovered a protein called methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) that may control the addictive impact of cocaine in the brain. MeCP2 interacts with microRNA to regulate an individual's motivation to consume cocaine, and its influence can reduce vulnerability to addiction.
Researchers discover genetic alterations in the MLL2 gene that account for most cases of Kabuki syndrome, a rare disorder with multiple birth defects and mental retardation. The new DNA sequencing strategy quickly identifies the gene variants responsible for the condition.
Researchers have developed a way to deliver drugs directly to tumors using nanoparticles, reducing the risk of severe side effects. The new approach uses immune cells to target tumors, allowing for more effective cancer treatment.
Researchers have identified a new cellular communication mechanism in glioblastoma cells, which could be targeted to slow tumor growth. If blocked, this pathway may significantly reduce GBM malignancy.
A new study found that childhood abuse can lead to a weakened immune system later in life, with participants who experienced adverse experiences showing higher levels of stress markers. Additionally, caregivers who had been abused as children showed significantly shorter telomere length than non-caregivers.
Researchers at SUNY Downstate Medical Center have identified proteins (Ligatin, MCT-1 and DENR) that can enhance the progression of viruses and cancer cells by promoting eIF2-independent translation initiation. This novel mechanism is a potential target for therapeutic inhibition to counteract viral infections.
New research finds that childhood trauma can lead to inflammation and cell aging, shortening lifespan by seven to 15 years. Adults who experienced childhood adversity continue to be at greater risk for health consequences even in later life.
Inflammation-causing cells in fat tissue contribute to the link between obesity and diabetes. Researchers found that macrophages produce cytokines that lead to insulin resistance. Losing weight reduced macrophage presence and risk of complications.
Research shows that childhood poverty and social isolation can lead to heightened reactivity, increasing the risk of heart disease later on. A study examining 212 adolescents found that those from lower socioeconomic status had stiffer arteries and higher blood pressure.
A study by Gail McGuire found that women are disadvantaged in informal networks developed at work, which can hinder future career goals. Women receive more social support from female colleagues, but this has limited career pay-off.
A recent study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that estrogen alone was not associated with increased lung cancer mortality among postmenopausal women. In contrast, combined hormone therapy showed a statistically significant increase in breast cancer incidence and a reduction in colorectal cancer.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered a new sporadic prion protein disease, Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr), which shares genotype characteristics with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The abnormal prion protein in VPSPr exhibits distinct characteristics different from other prion diseases.
Researchers successfully replaced a human gene to preserve photoreceptor function in mice with severe retinal degeneration. The study demonstrates improved function and survival of photoreceptors, validating a potential gene therapy design for patients affected by Leber congenital amaurosis.
George Mason University has received a $28.5 million grant from the US Department of Education to improve science education in Virginia through the Virginia Initiative for Science Teaching and Achievement (VISTA). The program will focus on rural and underperforming schools, providing innovative learning and teaching in science education.
A study of over 2,000 business units found that employee work perceptions predict important organizational outcomes. Employee job satisfaction is linked to higher retention rates, increased customer loyalty, and better financial performance.
Researchers have developed new maps of the Chesapeake Bay's forested wetlands, increasing accuracy by 30% compared to existing maps. The combined data from LiDAR and SAR sensors reveals previously unknown connections between wetlands, drainage ditches, and ponds.
The latest research on schizophrenia focuses on prenatal factors, neurological development, prognosis, brain abnormalities, social cognition, and promising treatments.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that individuals with Williams syndrome process spoken language differently from those with autism spectrum disorders, which has opposite social profiles. People with Williams syndrome exhibit an abnormally large N400 response indicating sensitivity to semantic aspects of language.
Researchers are leveraging decades-old ultrahigh pressure discoveries to advance proteomics, mass spectrometry, and protein extraction techniques. Pressure-cycling technology (PCT) accelerates glycan release, membrane protein extraction, and other complex processes.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology are using ARPA-E funding to develop cost-effective techniques for removing large volumes of carbon dioxide from flue gases. They will use hollow-fiber composite membranes with nanoporous metal-organic framework materials to separate CO2, with the goal of achieving a 90% removal rate.
Invasive European beachgrass provides cover for deer mice to feed on Tidestrom's lupine fruits without being detected by birds. A mathematical model of lupine populations predicts that all three populations will go extinct, but if mice eat fewer seeds, the largest population will remain stable.
A new study by INFORMS suggests that persuading influential medical centers to adopt electronic medical records can accelerate the adoption of these systems among neighboring hospitals. The research found that targeting well-known, larger, and older hospitals in densely populated regions can significantly increase the rate of adoption.
Researchers found that certain stages of sleep have distinct roles in people's memory capacity, with REM sleep stage crucial for memory systems. The formation of associative networks from previously unassociated information is facilitated by changes to neurotransmitter systems during REM sleep.
Researchers from Ben-Gurion University have received a US-AID MERC grant to develop novel techniques for reducing biofouling on Reverse Osmosis membranes. This project aims to increase access to clean water in the Palestinian Authority and Israel.
Researchers from Boston University's Center for Space Physics observed recent auroral displays in high latitudes accompanied by fainter glows in lower latitudes. The team detected signs of a new cycle of solar-terrestrial activity, including Stable Auroral Red (SAR) arcs in the southern hemisphere.
NASA's TRMM satellite is monitoring heavy rainfall and potential flooding in southeastern Louisiana and coastal Mississippi due to Tropical Depression Five's remnants. Rainfall amounts of up to five inches are possible, with isolated areas experiencing even more intense downpours.