Researchers at Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Media Technology developed an Eyetracker system to track drivers' eye movements and issue warnings before nodding off. The system can be installed in any car model and is roughly half the size of a matchbox, making it undetectable when mounted behind the sun visor.
A recent study published in PLoS ONE explains that no pitcher can make a curveball break or a fastball rise, as it appears to be an illusion. The researchers argue that batters perceive the ball as breaking due to their eyes' natural tendency to follow motion and shift between central and peripheral vision.
Two NIH-funded studies influenced the WHO's revision of its guidelines for treating HIV-infected women and infants. The studies found that a single dose of nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child transmission can hamper the drug's effectiveness if used later as part of a treatment regimen. As a result, the new guidelines advise against u...
The study found that H5N1 survives longer at cooler temperatures and low humidity, persisting up to two weeks. The virus also thrives on certain surfaces like glass and steel, potentially surviving for up to two months.
Two studies found that African-American patients and those with Medicaid are at higher risk of first hospital readmission. Additionally, poor nutrition and depression increase the likelihood of further rehospitalizations. Researchers emphasize the need for targeted interventions to reduce preventable readmissions.
A diet rich in luteolin reduces inflammation in the brain and related memory deficits. Luteolin improves cognitive health by acting on microglial cells to reduce inflammatory cytokine production.
Scientists have identified 80 different proteins produced by human fat cells, including six new proteins and 20 previously undetected ones. These findings suggest that fat cells play an active role in hormone secretion and may contribute to diseases like heart disease and diabetes.
Researchers from Florida State University found that consuming watermelon daily can improve arterial function and lower aortic blood pressure in prehypertensive individuals. The study suggests that watermelon's natural source of L-citrulline may prevent the progression from prehypertension to hypertension.
A study by Hebrew University researcher Prof. Guy Bloch found that honeybees can alter their biological clocks in response to changes in their social role, enabling them to make a 'quick switch' in their daily routines. This flexibility is striking, as humans and most other animals struggle with drastic schedule changes.
Researchers at Arizona State University and Phoenix Children's Hospital are developing a brain-computer interface technology that allows people to communicate and interact using their own brain signals. The three-year, $469,000 grant will help refine the interface system for use by children and adults with severe brain disorders.
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia is establishing a collaborative organization to focus on neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism spectrum disorders and ADHD. The Network will bring together experts from leading pediatric programs to develop effective treatments and interventions.
CNS-ASU will continue its research on the societal aspects of nanotechnology, focusing on issues like equity, equality, and responsibility in its development. The center will also pursue educational opportunities and engage with stakeholders to inform decision-making and anticipate emerging technologies.
Experiments with artificial stomachs suggest that combining Compound X with Sprite improves its absorption. This could lead to better treatment outcomes for patients taking the oral anticancer drug.
The MAREX project aims to find biological activity in sea organisms suitable for pharmaceutical use. Researchers study antimicrobial characteristics and develop synthetic derivatives from algae and other marine species.
A national study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry found that approximately one in five children in the US will experience severe mental disorders, which disrupt daily life. Anxiety disorders were the most common condition, followed by behavior disorders and mood disorders.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) partners with Mama's Kitchen to promote cancer survivorship and raise awareness on nutritional support for cancer patients. The partnership aims to provide essential nutrients to those affected by cancer, highlighting the importance of community care and volunteerism.
A new study using brain imaging revealed how people learn from their competitors' successes and failures. The research found that players experienced neural activity in response to their competitor's unexpected failures, suggesting they learned to inhibit the actions leading to those failures.
The Noices were recognized for their groundbreaking work on the connections between art, science, and human cognition in older adults. Their research has produced numerous peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
A $12 million grant is being used to develop a disease registry for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in children. The registry will provide real-time information on thousands of IBD cases across the country, allowing doctors and researchers to assess treatment strategies and identify the most successful approaches.
Researchers found cardiac damage in mice exposed to low-dose sarin, including left ventricular dilation and prolonged ventricular repolarization. The study suggests a potential link between low-dose chemical warfare agent exposure and long-lasting heart problems.
Researchers propose using oil-field brine and carbon dioxide to reduce the pH of bauxite residue, making it less toxic. The process involves dissolving carbon dioxide in water-based brine, which counteracts alkalinity and forms a less-toxic compound.
A team of biomedical engineers has received a $6.25 million grant to study the effects of blast waves on brain neural circuitry. The goal is to define safety corridors for blast loading and develop helmets and armor to mitigate the blast threat.
University of Granada researchers have developed a new computer technique that allows for the automatic classification of images and videos based on the presence of individuals or specific objects. The technique also enables the estimation and recognition of human poses and detection of human actions such as walking, jumping, bending d...
A new study by Ben-Gurion University researcher finds that Israeli's have a higher life expectancy on average than Americans and residents of other OECD countries. Life expectancy for Israelis has increased significantly since 1980, with Jews and Arabs living noticeably longer than Americans.
A new survey of psychiatric nurses highlights their crucial role in providing care for patients with mental illness. The study found that 94% of psychiatric nurses feel involved in patient care, and they believe their work affects patient satisfaction.
A new filtering technology has been developed that kills up to 98% of disease-causing bacteria in water in seconds without clogging or consuming much energy. The technology uses silver nanowires and carbon nanotubes to destroy bacteria, making it a promising solution for providing clean drinking water to those in need.
Ming T. Tsuang has been awarded the Lieber Prize for his groundbreaking research on schizophrenia, including identifying underlying causes of mental illnesses. His work aims to learn how to stop psychiatric disorders before they start.
Northwestern University is part of a US-led initiative to modernize medical school curricula in Nigeria, enhancing knowledge and skills among medical students. The project aims to retain 140,000 new healthcare workers and improve primary health care capacity across Africa.
Dr. William R. Muehlberger, a renowned geologist, is awarded the Marcus Milling Legendary Geoscientist Medal for his groundbreaking work in tectonics and exceptional service to the geoscience community. He has supervised over 90 Ph.D. theses and trained astronauts in geology.
Dr. Douglas A. Jabs has been recognized by the American Academy of Ophthalmology with the Jackson Memorial Lecture for his decades-long study on cytomegalovirus retinitis and its interaction with HIV. His research aims to improve clinical outcomes in patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis.
A study published in Neurology found that walking at least 72 blocks per week can increase gray matter volume and reduce cognitive impairment. Regular exercise in midlife may improve brain health and thinking abilities in later life.
Researchers from Hopkins, Baylor, and Stanford discovered that arsenite affects the TCP protein folding machine in yeast cells, which is also present in humans. This knowledge could lead to developing safer therapeutic alternatives to arsenite-based medicines.
A recent study by CARDIAC in West Virginia found that nearly 20% of fifth-grade students have high blood pressure. The comprehensive screening program used upper-level students to help with readings and adapted to the chaotic school environment to measure blood pressure.
A study of medical records in Hong Kong found 66 cases of poisoning from natural slimming therapy, with one fatality. The researchers identified 12 agents used in 81 products as falling into categories that include undeclared weight-loss drugs and banned substances.
A study published in Chaos found that traditional topological models, which rely on abstract network connections, are less accurate than physics-based models when assessing the vulnerability of the US electric grid. The researchers conclude that the grid's unpredictability makes it difficult to identify potential attack points.
Washington University in St. Louis has achieved the world's first full certification under the Living Building Challenge, a rigorous green building performance standard. The 2,900-square-foot facility is powered by clean energy and incorporates nontoxic materials.
Researchers have found a synthetic molecule, LLL12, that blocks activation of the oncogene STAT3 in liver cancer cells, halting their survival and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy. This discovery offers potential for an anti-cancer therapy option.
Researchers propose a three-stage strategy for diagnosing personality disorders, considering normal personality traits, severity scores, and dimensional ratings. The new system may lead to better clinical efficiency and care, but has not yet been widely supported by research.
A University of Missouri researcher has made significant progress in understanding cystic fibrosis by identifying the mutations that cause it. By manipulating the sensor of the channel protein, scientists may be able to develop a drug design that can eventually lead to a 'real cure' for this fatal genetic disease.
Regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing alcohol consumption lower breast cancer risk for women with and without a family history of the disease. A study of over 85,000 postmenopausal women found that these behaviors significantly reduce breast cancer risk.
A study of over 100,000 patients found significant variability in US hospital blood transfusion rates for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Despite varying rates, there were no significant differences in mortality rates among hospitals with different transfusion practices.
A cost analysis of pediatric ondansetron administration found substantial economic benefits, including reduced financial costs and hospitalizations. The study suggests this treatment could be valuable in countries with limited resources, but oral rehydration therapy should remain the primary approach in less developed countries.
Researchers from Northwestern University and the University of California, Berkeley found that reflecting counterfactually on an institution's origins increases employee commitment and morale. By thinking about alternative scenarios, employees see their current circumstance in a more positive light, fostering a renewed sense of devotion.
Researchers found gaps in coverage that vary across states by age, race/ethnicity and income, with some groups facing significant disparities. States like Massachusetts have low uninsurance rates but large gaps by income group.
Patients with peripheral artery disease experience high rates of hospitalizations and associated costs, even after initial procedures to clear blockages in leg arteries. Preventive strategies, including healthy lifestyle adoption, may help arrest or stall the progression of the disease.
A genetic mutation in the production of selenocysteine leads to progressive brain atrophy and severe mental retardation and epilepsy. The defect affects 1 in 40 Jews of Moroccan and Iraqi ancestry, making prenatal genetic screening a crucial preventive measure.
A 9-country study found that older people who choose not to have the flu vaccine often rely on indigenous health practices, good general health, and hand hygiene instead. Factors such as feeling vulnerable, trust in the vaccine's effectiveness, and cost also play a significant role in vaccination rates among this age group.
Researchers found that coffee husks can adsorb almost 50 milligrams of hexavalent chromium per gram, with two-thirds of the absorbed chromium recoverable. The use of coffee husks presents a viable and cost-effective part of a waste-management strategy due to their availability, safety in storage, and lack of protein.
Patients admitted with malnutrition or bedridden have a prolonged hospital stay risk, according to a study. Those with lower BMI, nutritional risk and severe diseases face longer stays, with a 65% greater risk compared to non-malnourished patients.
The new guidelines, published in CMAJ, focus on identifying and managing fractures and assessing risk. Current data indicate that many fracture patients are not appropriately assessed or treated, highlighting the need for improved management of osteoporosis and fragility fractures.
In laboratory tests, water fleas from clear-water alpine ponds in Washington state's Olympic Mountains survived UV rays better than those from murkier ponds. The fleas lack melanin, a protective pigment found in most animals.
Recent studies published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases found evidence supporting a possible link between XMRV and prostate cancer. However, conflicting reports suggest that XMRV is unlikely associated with chronic fatigue syndrome, HIV infection, or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
A phase II clinical trial is underway to examine the efficacy of Revatio (sildenafil) in improving cardiac function for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The six-month study aims to slow disease progression and increase life expectancy.
Researchers found a common denominator between Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: PGC-1, a key regulator of glucose. Decreased PGC-1 levels may contribute to Alzheimer's disease progression by promoting beta-secretase degradation.
Researchers found that majority of heart failure patients pass away in acute care hospital, resulting in significantly higher costs. The study examined data from over 30,000 elderly patients with heart failure who died between 2000 and 2006 in Alberta, highlighting the need for discussions about end-of-life care options.
A new study finds that slowing population growth could significantly impact global carbon dioxide emissions, with urbanization and aging playing crucial roles. By mid-century, a slowdown in population growth could account for 16-29% of the emission reductions necessary to keep global temperatures from causing serious impacts.
Researchers identified distinct brain network abnormalities in children with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with the ADHD group showing more severe dysfunction in working memory circuits. The study suggests that better differentiation between the two disorders could lead to more ac...
This special issue of Environmental Science & Technology explores key topics in environmental policy, including decimating honey bee colonies, carbon capture and storage, and biodiversity. The issue also delves into the origins of environmental issues and how scientists are addressing concerns.
Research by USDA scientists found that winter canola can be used to control weeds, supplement animal feed and produce biodiesel. This has encouraged wheat farmers in Okanogan County to diversify their market options and align with USDA's priority of developing new sources of bioenergy.
Researchers used rotting fish to understand the decomposition process, shedding light on soft-bodied creatures that existed 500 million years ago. The findings have improved the accuracy of fossil reconstructions, allowing scientists to better place early vertebrates on the evolutionary timeline.