Researchers used neutron scattering to observe zero-sound oscillations in a fermion liquid, which could be a mechanism for high-temperature superconductivity. The discovery reveals new density waves with atomic wavelength in the helium fluid, differing from previous findings in bulk liquids.
US cancer death rates have declined between 2004 and 2008, with a decrease in cancer diagnoses for men and women. The rate of new cancer diagnoses decreased an average of less than one percent per year, while death rates from all cancers continued to fall.
Scientists developed a more efficient version of a 2-in-1 device that harnesses bacteria in municipal sewage to generate electricity and clean the sewage. The device can process five times more sewage six times more efficiently at half the cost of its predecessors.
A study of Afghan DNA reveals a shared genetic heritage with a common ancestral population emerging during the Neolithic revolution. The analysis indicates that early civilizations in the region contributed to the unique genetic diversity of Afghans, shaped by migrations and invasions.
Researchers have identified a genetic signature for regulation of IL-13, a key immune hormone involved in allergic reactions. MicroRNA miR-375 is regulated by IL-13 and plays a role in asthma and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a severe food allergy.
PLoS Currents: Disasters is a new publication channel for sharing research and operational analyses on disasters. It supports timely publishing and revision-friendly article formats.
A study found that paramedics can identify stroke patients with a 99.3% accuracy rate, making it a reliable indicator to activate the hospital's stroke team. However, sensitivity rates are lower, indicating room for improvement in reducing time to treatment for acute stroke patients.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that sleep disturbances significantly impair the overnight improvement and plateau performance of motor tasks in patients with sleep apnea. The authors concluded that optimal memory consolidation requires continuous sleep, independent of the total amount of sleep.
The University of Liverpool is leading a EUR 8 million European project, SATIN, to develop and test new food products with satiating qualities to help control appetite and manage weight. The project aims to create foods that fill people up quicker and for longer, while maintaining a healthy balanced diet.
A study published in the British Food Journal found that US consumers have a better understanding of dietary fats than French counterparts, which contradicts the notion that nutritional information encourages healthy eating habits. Researchers suggest that detailed nutritional knowledge may not be the key to healthy eating.
A new blood test has been developed to detect breast cancer recurrence up to 11-12 months before current tests, using a combination of biomarkers and mass spectrometry. The test shows promise for improving therapy outcomes by enabling earlier detection and treatment.
A new point-of-care genetic test identifies CYP2C19*2 allele, a common variant associated with increased risk of major adverse events. The test enables personalized dual antiplatelet treatment, reducing complications and improving outcomes for patients after coronary interventions.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health found that the largest hospital-based pay-for-performance program in the US did not improve 30-day mortality rates for patients with acute conditions. Non-Premier hospitals showed similar outcomes to poor-performing Premier hospitals, suggesting that incentives may need to be adjusted.
The study's addition of genetic data provides a major new dimension for research, combining genetic background with data on older people's lives. Researchers will be able to describe behavioral and environmental risk factors for disease and disability.
The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia provides comprehensive genetic and molecular information for nearly 1,000 human cancer cell lines. This publicly available data may help researchers identify patients who could benefit from specific drugs and advance cancer research.
Researchers found that a 1% concentration of fish oil in savory-flavored yogurt can provide more than the recommended daily intake of n-3 fatty acids. The studies demonstrated high acceptance and flavor preference among nutritionally motivated consumers, suggesting a potential market for such products.
Scientific discoveries reveal flavonoids in dark chocolate may reduce stress hormones, lower blood pressure, and even prevent colon cancer. Researchers also explore the role of proteins and peptides in flavor development and potential benefits for cardiovascular health.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that liver cancer patients are less likely to die or become too sick for a transplant while waiting on the list compared to non-HCC candidates. The study suggests re-examining the prioritization criteria used to determine waitlist placement.
Researchers have designed a new treatment approach that appears to halt the spread of cancer cells into normal brain tissue in animal models. The results show that imipramine blue stops tumor invasion and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy.
A study published in Journal of Biological Chemistry reveals that protein survivin can prevent normal cell death when located outside the nucleus, but not inside. Researchers suggest measuring overall levels and locations of proteins like HDAC6 could provide new leads for investigating breast cancer.
The centre aims to understand genetic and environmental causes of common diseases in diverse ethnic groups. It will provide innovative training for the next generation of health researchers.
A Finnish study found that the Pandemrix vaccine used during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic was associated with a significant increase in childhood narcolepsy. The vaccine's AS03 adjuvant was linked to an abrupt rise in incidence rates, especially among vaccinated children under 19.
A CCNY professor is evaluating MabCure Inc.'s monoclonal antibodies as a potential diagnostic reagent for ovarian cancer. The goal is to develop an early detection test that could improve the 94% five-year survival rate of the disease.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discover p75NTR's role in controlling glucose metabolism, finding that blocking this receptor enhances insulin's effectiveness. This breakthrough may lead to new therapies for Type 2 diabetes, a global health problem affecting over 20 million Americans.
A new study published in The Lancet analyzed cancer death rates across India and found that oral, stomach, and lung cancers are major causes of death in men, while cervical, stomach, and breast cancers cause the most deaths among women. The study also highlighted significant geographical and social variations in cancer mortality rates.
A team led by Ralph Brinster at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine has successfully preserved spermatogonial stem cells in mice for over a decade, demonstrating their viability and ability to produce healthy offspring. The study provides promising evidence for a potential fertility treatment in humans, address...
Shrimp fishermen are assisting biologist Kai Wätjen in monitoring rare fish species in the North Sea. They are using cameras to document catches and a data logger to record water temperature and depth information.
Research from North Carolina State University finds that broadening circle hook requirements could decrease catch rates for yellowfin tuna and other non-billfish species. Circle hooks were only 60-70% as effective as J hooks in catching these species, making them less suitable for offshore anglers.
A standard food test may fail to detect milk proteins that cause a common childhood allergy, leading to itchy skin and other symptoms. The test's limitations could be improved to better protect consumers with milk allergies.
Autism has more than tripled in cost since 2006, reaching $126 billion in the US and £34 billion in the UK. The lifetime costs of caring for individuals with autism affected by intellectual disability are significantly higher, up to $2.3 million in the US and £1.5 million in the UK.
The iDEAL study is a Phase II clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of iCo-007 in treating diabetic macular edema. The trial aims to improve visual acuity in patients with DME, a leading cause of blindness in working Americans.
European butterflies are under threat, with 10% facing extinction, due to habitat loss and poor management. A new publication provides practical guidelines for managing habitats in a sustainable way, supporting biodiversity and human survival.
The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia offers a comprehensive resource for cancer research, integrating gene expression, chromosomal copy number, and pharmacological profiles. This will enable researchers to predict drug sensitivity and improve the success rate of drug development in personalized medicine.
The University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute has received a $1.8 million grant to expand a program encouraging Native middle-school students to pursue science and technology careers. The PREPARES project will provide professional development and mentoring to educators, enabling them to incorporate climate research into thei...
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center explored strategies to protect young children's brains from anesthesia damage. Three tested treatments - NAP, vitamin D3, and low-level ketamine - showed promise in preventing brain injury.
Kyung J. Cho, Dimitris Kelekis and Louis G. Martin received the SIR Gold Medal for their contributions to advancing the quality of medicine and patient care in interventional radiology. They are recognized for their clinical work, research and education contributions.
A genome-wide association study reveals eight genetic variants linked to podoconiosis, a painful inflammation of the lower extremities caused by volcanic dust exposure. Wearing shoes can prevent the disease, and those with the gene variants are up to 3 times more likely to become affected.
The IMEx Consortium provides a single interface for querying experimental interaction data, making it easier to understand an organism's interactome. With over 100 million curated binary pairs, scientists can identify supported protein interactions and compare new results with publicly available data.
The discovery of a 3.4 million-year-old foot fossil in Ethiopia confirms the coexistence of two human ancestor species with different locomotion methods. The analysis suggests that more than one species existed between 3 and 4 million years ago, challenging previous assumptions about human evolution.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE suggests that learning a new language can improve with time off. Adult subjects who took a break after high proficiency showed no decline in abilities and even processed the language more naturally. This unexpected result may be attributed to the brain's ability to reorganize and adapt.
American researchers conclude that prospective magnetic fusion power systems would pose a much lower risk of being used for the production of weapon-usable materials. The study found that with IAEA safeguards, there is little risk of fissile materials being produced for weapons.
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis who discontinue statin therapy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other causes. A population-based study found that RA patients should be advised to maintain medication compliance to reduce mortality risk.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found that UV photographs can predict melanoma risk factors in 12-year-olds. The study's results suggest that primary care physicians can use UV photography to provide better sun protection counseling, potentially preventing melanoma cases.
A new report provides crucial information on how to conserve European butterfly species listed on the EU Habitats Directive. The guidelines include detailed accounts of each species' habitat requirements and food-plants, as well as dos and don'ts in managing their habitats.
A Rice University study found that federal efforts were most effective at reducing pollutants, while state implementation plans played a smaller role. The study's findings suggest that nationally, ozone levels have improved substantially due to federal and EPA efforts.
Research at Georgetown University Medical Center found that adults learning a foreign language can come to use the same brain mechanisms as native speakers, particularly with immersion training. The brain consolidates knowledge of the foreign language over time, similar to other skills like riding a bike or playing a musical instrument.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize how protein machines bind to DNA strands, setting up for duplication. This study may lead to new ways to attack cancers by targeting the basic process of cell division.
Astronomers captured a unique image of over 10,000 stars in the Milky Way's centre, revealing large structures like gas and dust clouds. The image, created by combining infra-red light data from two telescopes, offers new insights into the galaxy's structure.
A large-scale study has identified hundreds of associations between mutations in cancer genes and sensitivity to anticancer drugs. The research may lead to more effective treatments for childhood bone cancer, such as Ewing's sarcoma, by targeting specific genetic markers.
Researchers found that human presence causes a substantial increase in airborne bacterial and fungal particles, with sizes affecting filtration and recirculation. The study, led by Yale University engineers, aims to improve air quality by understanding the dynamics of indoor biological aerosols.
Scientists developed a fast, simple, accurate way to detect nitroaromatic compounds like TNT in saltwater, freshwater, and other liquids. The device can detect concentrations as low as 33 parts per trillion and has potential uses in detecting water pollution.
A study published in the American Journal of Infection Control found that approximately six percent of Chicago-area ambulance sites sampled positive for Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium causing serious infections. The research also revealed that 77% of isolates detected showed resistance to at least one commonly used antibiotic
A genome study has identified three genetic variants associated with an increased risk of podoconiosis, a disabling leg swelling caused by an abnormal reaction to soil minerals. The discovery confirms the immune system link to the disease and suggests that drugs targeting immune responses may be useful in treating it.
The Missouri Botanical Garden has received a $260,000 NEH grant to enhance its Biodiversity Heritage Library. The library's digitized texts now include software tools for automated image identification and description. This will allow users to search and filter images by type, color content, subject matter, or organism names.
The Phase I trial of Neuralstem's spinal cord stem cells found one patient showed improvement in clinical status, while the treatment was safe and tolerable for all 12 patients. The trial has been approved to proceed with cervical transplantations targeting motor neurons that control respiratory function.
A study led by experts at the University of Nottingham has discovered a link between chromosomal abnormalities and survival rates in children with brain cancer. The research identified increased copies of chromosome 1q25 as associated with poorer outcomes, paving the way for a new diagnostic test.
The Inclusive Wealth Indicator combines natural, human, and manufactured capital to assess a country's economic and environmental progress. The first report will feature 20 nations and aims to provide a bi-annual assessment of transition to the green economy.
According to Washington University public health researchers, more than half of all cancer is preventable through lifestyle choices and societal changes. The main obstacles to implementing these strategies include skepticism, short-term focus, intervening too late in life, research focusing on treatment rather than prevention, debate a...
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found no link between body mass index (BMI) and post-surgical complications or survival rates among esophageal cancer patients. The study, published in the Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, included 303 patients treated with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.
A class of compounds found in hops has been shown to reduce weight gain and improve gut permeability in obese and diabetic mice. The treatment also normalized insulin sensitivity markers, suggesting a novel mechanism for improving metabolic health.
A Rhode Island Hospital study highlights the dangers of accidental ingestion of wire grill brush bristles, which can lead to surgery and severe complications. The study identified six cases within an 18-month period, emphasizing the need for public awareness and physicians' attention to this potential danger.
Researchers at UCSF find hidden genetic code layer influencing protein synthesis rates, even in 'silent' mutations. The discovery challenges long-held assumptions and may accelerate industrial protein production for biofuels and medicines.
The Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change proposes seven policy responses to address the global challenge of feeding a world confronted by climate change. The report highlights opportunities under the Rio+20 Earth Summit, UNFCCC, and G20 mandates, and calls for changes in policy, finance, agriculture, development aid...
A new study found that people who consumed diet beverages tended to be less healthy than those who didn't, but had lower risks when paired with a prudent diet. Those who ate a western diet had increased risk of heart disease regardless of diet drink consumption.
Researchers created light at multiple frequencies by mixing high- and low-frequency lasers, producing new colors. The phenomenon has potential applications in increasing data transfer speed and communication.
Breast cancer patients treated with IMRT had lower incidence of acute and chronic toxicities compared to standard WBI. Larger breasted women also benefited from reduced toxicities with IMRT.
A UCSF-led study finds that meditation significantly reduces destructive emotions and improves social and emotional behavior in female schoolteachers. The study's findings suggest increased awareness of mental processes can influence emotional behavior, leading to better relationships and overall well-being.
Researchers developed a novel compound that stops cancer cells from invading healthy brain tissue, improving treatment outcomes in animal models. The compound, imipramine blue, is combined with chemotherapy to enhance its effectiveness.
Researchers have successfully decoded the atomic structure of the TM287/288 ABC transporter, a heterodimeric protein involved in antibiotic resistance and metabolic disorders. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments against multi-resistant bacteria and tumors.
The study found that weight loss and improved fitness nearly halved the risk of losing mobility in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Weight loss was a stronger predictor of better mobility than improved fitness, contributing significantly to the observed reduction in risk.
Researchers at University of Missouri and Oregon found that consumers often unintentionally buy products with animal testing due to lack of clear definitions. This ambiguity leads to deceptive advertising, making it difficult for consumers to make informed moral decisions.
New cell printing technology enables precise pattern formation of human cells, paving the way for advancement in tissue engineering and regeneration. Researchers demonstrated the use of acoustic droplet ejection followed by aqueous two-phase exclusion patterning to control cell placement.
A new study found that encouraging patients to monitor their daily alcohol intake, typically through keeping a record, is the most effective piece of advice in reducing drinking. This simple task raises awareness of behavior and helps individuals stay within set limits, leading to significant reductions in consumption.
Researchers used fossilized raindrop impressions to deduce atmospheric pressure at 2.7 billion years ago. The results suggest that abundant greenhouse gases likely caused the warm temperatures, contradicting previous theories about pressure broadening.