A new meta-analysis by IOF-IFCC found moderate but significant associations between bone turnover markers s-CTX and s-PINP, and risk of future fractures. The study confirms the clinical performance of these markers for fracture risk prediction in untreated individuals.
A new analysis confirms that behavioral measures used in the VOICE study did not accurately predict women's use and nonuse of HIV prevention products. Biological measures, such as drug levels in stored samples, provided a more accurate picture of adherence.
Researchers use computational fluid dynamics to study respiratory disorders and provide surgeons with more accurate treatment approaches. The method leads to better surgical outcomes, reduced surgeries, and improved patient recovery.
Two new HIV prevention products, a combination antiretroviral vaginal ring and a film releasing the drug dapivirine, show safety and hold promise for further development. The products aim to provide an array of options for women-initiated prevention tools against HIV.
A new study from Aarhus University suggests that screening for breast cancer primarily detects indolent cancer cases, which would otherwise have been fatal. Despite detecting more early-stage cases, the number of advanced stages has remained virtually unchanged.
Researchers at the University of Vienna developed a new, atom-economical chemical synthesis for α-arylated Carbonyl derivatives. The method eliminates the need for additional reagents, reducing product contamination and labor-intensive reaction conditions.
Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences, a comprehensive pedagogical text, has been recognized with the 2014 Most Promising New Textbook Award. The award acknowledges the book's innovative approach to introducing research methods, integrating statistical analyses and real-world examples.
A new RAND Corporation report assesses value-based purchasing programs and finds mixed results on improving quality and reducing costs. Newer payment models like ACOs and bundled payments face challenges in designing strong financial incentives for change.
A new study found that carotid artery MRI can accurately predict future cardiovascular events, including strokes and heart attacks, in people without a history of cardiovascular disease. The presence of a lipid core in the internal carotid artery was significantly associated with an increased risk of subsequent events.
A recent study on the Save Darfur Cause on Facebook found that only a small percentage of members donated or recruited others, despite the campaign's large online presence. Meanwhile, those who joined independently were more likely to engage in activism, highlighting the potential for individual actions to drive collective change.
A recent study funded by the National Institutes of Health found that eating fish comparable to those in Japan may ward off heart disease due to high omega-3 fatty acid intake. The study tracked nearly 300 men for five years, finding a significant protective effect against coronary artery calcification.
Tropical Cyclone Kofi was captured by NASA's Terra satellite on March 3 as it became an extra-tropical storm. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument showed good circulation despite the storm's transitioning phase.
Clemson University has received a $5.3 million NSF grant to create a national network of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Research and Education Facilitators. The project aims to empower local campus researchers to effectively use advanced cyberinfrastructure, particularly those in the 'long tail' of users.
A study published in JAMA found that a program designed to move families out of high-poverty neighborhoods had reduced rates of depression and conduct disorder among girls, but increased rates among boys. The study suggests sex differences in the effects of housing mobility on mental health outcomes.
Researchers at Harvard University have successfully converted patient skin cells into human brain cells, offering a new model for studying and developing treatments for early-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study found that preventing amyloid-beta imbalances can reduce levels of distorted tau protein.
Patients receiving nivolumab survived for an average of 16.8 months, with 62% alive one year after treatment initiation and 43% alive two years later. The drug also shrank tumors in 31% of patients, with some able to remain on the treatment for up to two years.
Researchers created temperature maps to study how RIP bands influence cigarette burn rate and chemical composition. Temperature differences were found between RIP and regular cigarettes, potentially affecting PAH levels.
Research finds that chemotherapy induces epigenetic changes in breast cancer patients' blood cells, leading to inflammation and symptoms like fatigue. The study identifies eight sites of methylation altered by chemotherapy, correlating with increased inflammatory signaling proteins.
Researchers have identified two new biomarkers for acute kidney injury (AKI) in urine, allowing for earlier detection and treatment. The markers, TIMP-2 and IGFBP7, were validated using clinical adjudication and tested in independent labs.
The e-Care study found that secure online access to a dietitian increased patient satisfaction and weight loss in overweight patients with hypertension. Patients reported improved blood pressure and heart risk trended lower, but differences were not significant.
A major winter storm brought snow and freezing rain to the US east coast on March 2-3, with data from NOAA's GOES-East satellite compiled into a video by NASA. The storm's movement was tracked using MODIS instrument data, providing a clear picture of its path.
A study found that a lower ratio between the length of the index and ring fingers is associated with a higher risk of developing severe osteoarthritis in the knees. This association was stronger for total knee replacements than hip replacements, suggesting hormonal influences may play a role.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have developed a new method of light-matter interaction analysis, which appears to be a good way of helping make better semiconductor nanowires. The technique uses Rayleigh scattering to probe band structures and electron-hole dynamics in single indium phosphide nanowires.
A new study published in JAMA Network found that the opening of a casino is associated with a lower rate of overweight children in the surrounding community. The study analyzed data from 117 school districts in California and found that every 1 casino slot per capita gained was linked to an increase in average per capita annual income,...
A randomized trial in India found that community-based care led by lay health workers was more effective than standard facility-based care in reducing disability and psychotic symptoms, with patients almost three times more likely to continue taking their antipsychotic medication. However, costs were higher in the intervention group.
The study reveals that UCP2 is involved in increased metabolism in embryonic stem cells and cancer cells, while UCP4 is associated with nerve cell metabolism. The findings suggest that UCP proteins can be used to detect diseases at an early stage, such as cancer and neurodegenerative illnesses.
A Phase I study of a combination ARV vaginal ring found the ring safe and effective in preventing HIV infection, with dapivirine showing promising results. However, maraviroc, the first entry inhibitor tested as a microbicide, was not as effective and requires further development.
A study published in the European Heart Journal reveals a nearly fivefold increased risk for heart attack in the two hours following an angry outburst. The researchers found that patients with cardiovascular events were more likely to have experienced anger immediately prior to the event.
Research finds that HIV transmissions within communities are often facilitated by sexual contact with partners from outside the community. The study, conducted in Uganda, analyzed data from 46 communities and found that most new infections occur through sex with an outsider.
A collaborative study by McGill University researchers found that cortical thickness is linked to changes in full-scale IQ, contradicting earlier assumptions. The study discovered significant increases or decreases in IQ were associated with exaggerated or normal cortical thinning, respectively.
Researchers discovered a significant correlation between exposure to Mexican drug war violence and anxiety symptoms on social media. Citizens' posts showed decreased levels of negative affect after prolonged exposure to violence, highlighting the desensitization effect.
New research confirms Arctic ice trends show a five-day per decade increase in the length of the melt season, with implications for climate change tracking and shipping. The study's findings also highlight the importance of understanding Arctic sea ice feedback mechanisms.
A recent study analyzed nearly 24,000 active human research clinical trials and found that 5-16% are not covered by two major federal regulations. The primary federal human subjects protections policies in the US include FDA HSP regulations and the Common Rule, which can lead to overlap trials and gap trials with varying characteristics.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute develop new probes to detect functional, normally folded, and disease-associated misfolded conformations of proteins in cells. The technology paves the way for discovering new drugs for misfolding diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed a novel therapeutic approach called optokinetic stimulation therapy (OKS) that has been shown to improve perception of sounds and images in stroke patients. After undergoing OKS therapy, patients were able to better perceive people, objects, and spatial orientation.
Two studies suggest that low protein intake may be beneficial for longevity until old age, while high-protein diets are associated with increased cancer risk and mortality. High-quality protein with low fat and complex carbohydrates is recommended for optimal health and long life.
A new study published in the American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine reveals that canned foods deliver on nutrition and cost, making them a high-quality option for Americans to meet their dietary needs. Canned fruits and vegetables provide great tasting, safe options, with no sacrifices in nutritional quality.
Researchers at the University of Basel successfully pulled isolated molecular chains from a gold surface using atomic force microscopy. The experiment revealed the detachment force and binding energy of molecules, providing new insights into the mechanical behavior of single polymers.
Two studies found that homosexuals and bisexuals are more likely to be victims of intimate partner violence, with a risk compounded by childhood abuse. Non-heterosexual victims were also more likely to experience substance abuse and health issues compared to heterosexual victims.
A research team developed an adjuvant that optimizes lentivirus gene transfer by enhancing virus attachment to target cells, resulting in a three-fold increase in transduction rate. This improvement reduces the need for additional viruses, potentially leading to more effective treatments for genetic disorders.
The spiral galaxy ESO 137-001 is zooming through the Norma cluster at nearly 4.5 million miles per hour, stripping gas from its home and forming new stars in intergalactic space. Astronomers hope that studying this galaxy can help them understand how galaxies form stars and evolve over time.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have identified a zero-dimensional quantum dot structure that can confine electronic excitations within semiconductor nanowires. This discovery has significant implications for harnessing solar energy, creating stronger lasers, and developing more sensitive medical diagnostic devices.
A recent study found that warfarin treatment is associated with a lower risk of death, heart attack, or stroke without an increased risk of bleeding for patients with established cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation. The study included over 24,000 patients with kidney function measured through serum creatinine levels.
A multi-institutional team, led by Rachel Whitaker, studies host-viral interactions to understand how viruses can protect hosts from competitors and aid in survival. The research aims to develop a theoretical model of eco-evolutionary dynamics between viruses and microbes.
A new study found that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to become obese and sedentary teenagers. The research followed almost 7000 children in Finland and found those with ADHD symptoms at age eight had significantly higher odds of being obese at age 16.
Research suggests that terminally ill cancer patients who receive chemotherapy in the last months of life are more likely to undergo intensive medical care and die in an intensive care unit. The study highlights the importance of end-of-life discussions between patients and physicians.
A recent study revisits the phenomenon of 'gaydar' in women, finding that lesbians are better at detecting sexual orientation, while straight women excel at identifying emotions and thoughts. The research also highlights differences in judgments between lesbian and straight judges.
Brandeis University researchers have identified the correct structure of a potassium ion channel in heart cells, challenging previous studies that suggested varying numbers of proteins were required. The findings have significant implications for understanding arrhythmias and developing effective treatments.
A recent analysis found that frequent experiences of racism were associated with a higher risk of obesity among African American women. Women who reported consistently high experiences of racism over a 12-year period were 69% more likely to become obese compared to those in the lowest category.
Research at Umeå University and University of Antwerp found that alien plants successfully penetrate alpine vegetation in subarctic mountain areas. Human transportation on roads and walking tracks facilitates their invasion. Climate warming also contributes to the success of introduced species.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered that a small region within the amygdala in bats is responsible for producing emotional calls and sounds. This finding may lead to new treatments for malfunctions in emotional responses, such as pathological aggression.
Johns Hopkins researchers have identified a set of genes that can be turned back on to evade immune detection in ovarian, breast, and colorectal cancer. Reversing these epigenetic changes with an FDA-approved drug allows cancer cells to become more vulnerable to immune therapy, potentially leading to more effective treatment.
A team of Swedish researchers led by Professor Mats Brännström have successfully performed nine uterus transplants using live donors, a breakthrough in treating uterine infertility. The transplants involved five mother-daughter pairs and four close relatives, with no blood transfusions required during surgery.
A national study of Taiwanese youth found that adolescents who start having sex at a young age tend to exhibit externalizing problems like rule-breaking and aggressive behavior. This is especially true for females and those with same-sex partners.
A study found that exposure to passive smoke in childhood causes direct and irreversible damage to the structure of children's arteries. Children exposed to both parents' smoking have thicker artery walls, increasing their risk of heart disease and stroke. The study supports banning smoking in cars where young people are present.
Researchers have found a link between prostate cancer aggressiveness and cholesteryl ester accumulation, suggesting new diagnostic and treatment methods. The study also shows that drugs previously developed to treat atherosclerosis might be repurposed for advanced prostate cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh's Roslin Institute have created working nerve cells from horse stem cells, paving the way for cell therapies targeting neurological conditions. The breakthrough could also benefit horses affected by grass sickness, a previously untreatable condition.
Astronomers have developed a new method to gauge exoplanet pressure by detecting dimer molecules. This technique may also help identify biosignatures of life in extraterrestrial atmospheres. The discovery could be made possible with future powerful telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescope.
Tropical cyclone Faxai reached typhoon strength with maximum sustained winds near 65 knots/74.8 mph on March 4. The NASA Aqua satellite captured an image of the storm, showing tightly wrapped bands of thunderstorms around its center. Forecasters predict Faxai will maintain typhoon strength for a day before weakening.
A team of researchers used computer simulations to study the aerodynamics of flying snakes, discovering that whirls of wind surrounding the snake's body provide an extra boost of lift. This unique shape helps the snake glide efficiently through the air, making it a fascinating example of nature's efficient design.
Researchers analyzed data from the VOICE trial and found that women using injectable contraceptive DMPA were more likely to acquire HIV than those using NET-EN. The study also showed a significant difference in HIV risk between DMPA and NET-EN users, particularly among HSV-2 positive women.
Scientists have discovered a molecular 'switch' that regulates heart cell division and could potentially be used to regenerate damaged heart tissue. The discovery was made by studying infant siblings with a rare heart defect, who exhibited unusual heart cell proliferation.
Eating a diet rich in animal proteins during middle age may be as deadly as smoking, according to a new study. High-protein diets were linked to a dramatic rise in cancer mortality and an increased risk of early death.
Cornell research reveals that natural enemies like ladybeetles can delay pest resistance to Bt crops, reducing the need for multiple genes and refuge plants. This finding supports the use of Bt crops in agriculture while minimizing pesticide usage.
The New Guinea flatworm, considered one of the 100 worst invasive alien species, has been found in France for the first time. The flatworm was identified by molecular analysis and is capable of consuming European snails and other soil-dwelling species.
Researchers have discovered a plant-based compound that targets the root cause of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a genetic disorder causing muscle wastage and weakness in infants. Quercetin has shown promise in tests on zebra fish, mice, and fruit flies, offering a potential treatment option for early stages of the disease.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a new security tool called Practical Root Exploit Containment (PREC) to detect and contain malware that attempts root exploits in Android devices. PREC targets code written in the C programming language, reducing false positives and making anomaly detection more practical.
A new study by Ben Marzeion and Anders Levermann finds that global warming will put 136 cultural monuments at risk, including historical cities like Bruges, Naples, and Istanbul. Sea-level rise will impact not only coastal areas but also regions currently populated by millions of people, leading to the loss of culture and heritage.
The study found that seven per cent of the current global population would be living on land that would be below sea level if temperatures increased above pre-industrial levels by 3°C in the next 2000 years. The impact on cultural heritage sites, including iconic landmarks like the Statue of Liberty and Sydney Opera House, is severe.
Research links intimate partner violence in men who have sex with men to negative health indicators such as alcohol use, depressive symptoms, HIV positivity, and unprotected sex. The study found a lifetime rate of exposure to IPV among MSM was 48%.
A major new study found that pre-enlistment mental disorders are a significant risk factor for suicidal ideation among US soldiers. The study, which surveyed over 975,000 Army personnel, reveals that nearly 60% of soldier suicide attempts can be traced to these conditions, with the vast majority developing them before enlistment.
A recent study published on bmj.com found that the HPV vaccine significantly protects against cervical abnormalities in young women. The research estimated that three doses of the vaccine provided 46% protection against high-grade cervical abnormalities and 34% protection against other cervical abnormalities.
A new study suggests that male hormones, such as testosterone, play an important role in female fertility and may enhance IVF success rates. The research found that male hormones promote follicle development by preventing cell death and increasing sensitivity to follicle-stimulating hormone.
Research suggests that palliative chemotherapy can lead to more invasive medical procedures and a higher risk of death in intensive care units among advanced cancer patients. The findings highlight the need for clearer discussion of the harms and benefits of palliative chemotherapy at the end of life.
DVT can lead to post-thrombotic syndrome, causing chronic leg pain, fatigue, swelling, and skin ulcers; interventional radiologists offer minimally invasive treatments to prevent this complication
Dr. Richard Glassock, a member of LA BioMed's Board of Directors, has been awarded the 2014 Medal of Excellence for his exceptional contributions to patient care. He is recognized for his extensive research and clinical expertise in glomerular diseases and clinical nephrology.
A study reveals that military fathers returning from combat deployment struggle to reconnect with their young children, who may not remember them. The researchers emphasize the need for support and resources to help these families rebuild their relationships.
A systematic review found that prenatal and postnatal interventions, duration, and mother emotional support are critical factors in promoting exclusive breastfeeding. The study suggests that more support and interventions in the postpartum period may be necessary to achieve the international goal of exclusive breastfeeding for six months.
A team of scientists tracked 17 loggerhead turtles for 27 to 220 days, providing the first look at their early behavior and movements in the wild. The study's findings challenge previously held beliefs, suggesting that young turtles may drop out of currents into the middle of the Atlantic or the Sargasso Sea.
New USDA guidelines have increased consumption of fruits and vegetables among low-income students without leading to an increase in food waste. Students now select a fruit or vegetable as part of their lunch, resulting in improved nutrition.
Fossils from the Middle-Upper Jurassic Period in northeastern China have revealed an exceptional window into life approximately 160 million years ago. The Daohugou Biota contains superbly preserved specimens of a diverse group of amphibian, mammal and reptile species.
A recent study by CHOP researcher Brendan J. Keating found that higher BMI raises the risk of type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, while another study identified genetic signals linked to central adiposity. These findings have significant implications for the obesity pandemic in the US and other countries.
A new HIV/STI prevention program in Haiti is changing lives by empowering marginalized women to become health workers. The program increased HIV and STI knowledge, condom use, and decreased depression rates among participants.
Researchers have found that a plant pigment called quercetin could help prevent nerve damage associated with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of death in children. Quercetin was shown to significantly improve health of nerve and muscle cells in tests on zebrafish, flies, and mice.
In the Central African Republic, stock-outs of antiretroviral drugs have led to mistrust among patients and reduced treatment adherence. The country's HIV-infected population of over 220,000 faces significant challenges in accessing life-saving medication.
Research reveals that seminal plasma enhances bacterial movement, promoting infection; increased bacterial density on human epithelial cells also facilitate infection. More than 100 million new gonorrhea cases annually worldwide.
A study found that moving out of high-poverty neighborhoods affects the mental health of boys and girls differently, with boys experiencing an increase in depression and conduct disorder and girls experiencing a decrease in these rates. The study suggests that sex differences play a role in this finding.
Researchers at TGen identified the key protein Mcl-1 that enables non-small cell lung cancer tumors to resist radiation and chemotherapy. By inhibiting Mcl-1, researchers believe they can make lung cancer more responsive to standard therapies.
Researchers have developed silk-based screws and plates that can potentially improve bone remodeling following injury and eliminate the need for surgical removal. The devices were tested in laboratory rats and showed promising results, suggesting they could spare patients from complications associated with metal implants.
Scientists explored how Staphylococcus cells adhere to nanostructures and found that surface features can inhibit bacterial adhesion. The researchers developed nickel nanostructures with various shapes, including tubular-shaped pillars, which showed higher bacteria survival rates.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health found that the new federal school meal standards led to increased fruit and vegetable consumption among students. Despite criticism that the standards would lead to more food waste, the study showed no increase in waste, but high levels of waste still persisted.
A nationwide study found that allergy prevalence is consistent across the US, with regional variations in specific types of allergies. Children under 5 in southern states showed a higher prevalence of allergies to dust mites and cockroaches.
Research shows that children as young as 3 judge character traits based on physical features, with trustworthiness being the most consistent trait. Consensus in face-to-trait inferences suggests a fundamental social cognitive capacity emerging early in life.
A study of 33,000 IPOs from 88 countries found that US IPO activity has not kept pace with the country's economic importance, particularly among small companies. Globalization has benefited other countries, allowing them to overcome challenges to investment caused by weak domestic institutions.
Scientists investigate how flying snakes glide through the air, discovering lift enhancement mechanism to boost flight. The research uses computational fluid dynamics to model a snake's cross-section, providing insights into air pressure and rotation.
Researchers found that sharp vision, specifically in the fovea, correlates with faster brain processing speeds. Training adults to improve their foveal vision can lead to improved vision and reduced reliance on reading glasses.
Researchers at CU-Boulder found that exposing leafy vegetables to daily bright pulses of light can increase the production of eye-protecting nutrients like zeaxanthin. This finding has implications for astronauts during long spaceflights and could also improve plant-based human nutrition on Earth.