Researchers have found a way to accelerate the photosynthetic process by producing more of a protein that controls electron flow, potentially leading to increased crop production. The discovery is significant because C4 crops, such as maize and sorghum, play a crucial role in world agriculture.
Researchers developed wearable skin sensors that can detect sweat rate and electrolytes, providing real-time updates on health problems such as dehydration or fatigue. The sensors were found to be reliable and reproducible, enabling continuous data collection from different parts of the body.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin analyse fragile papyrus with nondestructive methods, detecting lead in blank patch and deciphering blurry image. A new technique allows them to study folded papyri without contact, opening doors for future studies on valuable finds.
A randomized clinical trial found that interventions targeting parents in primary care pediatric settings can improve communications between parents and teens about sexual health and alcohol use. The study showed an increased frequency of parent-teen communications about these topics in intervention groups compared to the control group.
Scientists at Stanford University have developed an atomically thin heat shield that is effective in preventing overheating in electronic devices. The new material, which consists of four layers just 10 atoms deep, can provide insulation comparable to a sheet of glass 100 times thicker.
Researchers developed a new method to detect specific types of mental effort using network-level brain activity. The study demonstrates that this approach can be used to improve patients' abilities to manage symptoms of mental illness.
Researchers at Macquarie University have created a simple method to bypass diffraction limitations using standard optical imaging tools, enabling everyday bio-imaging techniques. The uSEE approach improves resolution by reducing illumination intensity, making it suitable for any biological lab with minimal extra cost.
Researchers found that herbivores like cutworm larvae can detect and respond to plant volatiles, triggering an immune response and protecting against parasitoid attacks. This unique ability allows the insects to 'smell' chemicals and counteract, revealing a new mechanism of communication between plants and their enemies.
A study of over 1,200 US college students found that gender minority students are between two and four times more likely to experience mental health problems than their cisgender peers. The research highlights the need for colleges and universities to take action to protect and support trans students on campus.
Researchers used a 'One Health' approach to study three bacterial species in the noses of young cattle, finding patterns that differ remarkably between the bacteria. The findings could help prevent and control respiratory diseases, particularly when infection becomes established in the lower respiratory tract within the lungs.
Children with mild asthma can effectively manage their condition by using inhalers when symptoms occur, reducing steroid medication use by almost 75%.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center discovered a neurocircuit in mice that activates when stressed, increasing anxiety and decreasing appetite. This finding could aid treatments for anorexia nervosa, a serious eating disorder with high mortality rate.
The guidelines for managing severe traumatic brain injury continue to evolve as new evidence emerges, emphasizing the need for high-quality research and clinically applicable recommendations. Key challenges and goals for the future include generating more robust evidence and translating it into effective patient care.
A new study using miniaturized satellite-based tags revealed that desert bats must fly further and longer during dry periods to meet their nightly needs. This suggests their struggle in coping with harsher conditions, highlighting the importance of understanding animal responses to climate change.
Two antimicrobial stewardship interventions were found to be feasible in community hospitals, increasing antibiotic appropriateness and reducing unnecessary use. The interventions, which included pharmacist approval after the first dose and engagement with prescribers, showed promise in improving stewardship practices.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute create high-performance nylon capacitors using a new method, paving the way for flexible and transparent electronic devices. The thin films are several 100 times thinner than human hair and can be used in wearable electronics.
A study of 1,652 active-duty military personnel found that nearly 36% of those with suicidal thoughts or behaviors had firearms at home. Safe storage practices were less common among those with a history of suicidal thoughts or behaviors who had firearms. The study emphasizes the need for safe firearm storage to prevent suicide.
A study at the George Washington University Cancer Center found a novel pathway causing platinum resistance in ovarian cancer cells. The ERK/PHD2/HIF-1α axis regulates HIF-1α stability, leading to poor prognoses for patients.
University of Minnesota researchers have discovered a novel cellular process called 'bystander uptake' that allows cells to engulf nano-sized materials without direct peptide functionalization. The study found that cysteine surrounding the cells stimulates this activity.
Researchers found that Bcl11b determines which class of OR gene is expressed in olfactory neurons, switching between class I and II. This mechanism was also seen in frogs, where Bcl11b expression changed from water-nose to air-nose during metamorphosis.
A University of Utah study found that nearly two-thirds of military suicides occur at home using a firearm. Safe gun storage practices can reduce firearms suicides by up to half, according to the research.
Researchers used fruit flies to study the emergence of new genes in the testes, finding 184 de novo genes that originate from scratch. These genes show complex patterns and are most active during the spermatocyte phase of sperm development, suggesting they play roles in maturing sperm cells.
Northwestern University scientists have received a $3.1 million grant to investigate drug therapies for ALS, targeting protein aggregation and upper motor neurons. Promising early results suggest compounds may have broader applications for neurodegeneration.
Researchers developed a programmable device that integrates nanopores and optofluidic technology for controlling individual molecules and particles on a chip. The device enables selective analysis of target molecules from a mixture, allowing for high-throughput single-molecule analysis.
Researchers analyzed data from 27,000 Canadian nursing home residents with advanced dementia and found significant differences in end-of-life care between men and women. Men were less likely to receive invasive procedures, physical restraints, and antibiotic therapy in the last 30 days of life compared to women.
Scientists have successfully generated terahertz waves by applying an electric current to a material with precisely chosen properties. The discovery paves the way for potential applications in data transmission and material penetration.
Researchers discovered that albumin and ions in host cell vesicles trigger enterovirus genome release. The findings may provide new insights into understanding the fundamental aspects of enterovirus life cycle and developing targeted therapies.
A phase I trial is evaluating the combination of fecal transplants and immunotherapy for melanoma, with preliminary research suggesting a potential link between the human microbiome and treatment outcomes. Researchers aim to improve responses in 40-50% of patients treated with immunotherapy.
Researchers reveal E. coli's ability to detect low oxygen levels in the large intestine, allowing it to establish infection and produce harmful toxins. The discovery could lead to prevention strategies by blocking oxygen sensing, potentially limiting infection and avoiding drug resistance.
Researchers have identified three genes from a probiotic Lactobacillus species as critical for mediating adhesion to the vaginal epithelium. This is likely crucial for how this species benefits vaginal health.
New research suggests that understanding plant biological clocks can refine the use of chemicals like glyphosate, allowing for more efficient and sustainable agriculture practices. By applying treatments at optimal times, farmers can reduce herbicide usage, saving time and money while minimizing environmental harm.
Researchers have identified key proteins that determine tumor aggression in male and female flies, which could lead to specific treatments for men and women. The study found that removing a protein called Phf7 reduced the aggressiveness of tumors in males.
A study by University of Helsinki found that 84% of Finnish trotters had soft tissue damage in the bit area, with mild, moderate, and severe lesions detected. The researchers hope their developed classification system will facilitate comparative research.
A new study from Drexel University suggests three practical solutions to improve the legal system's response to assaults on emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. The research emphasizes the need for education, preparation, and supportive policies to address violence against first responders.
A Chinese-German team developed a way to boost electric conductivity of organic solar cells, increasing their performance. By doping metal oxide interlayer with modified organic dye, both efficiency and stability were improved.
Scientists at the University of Illinois and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have applied a new x-ray scattering technique to probe high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates. They found that charge-order fluctuations may mediate superconductivity, and that these fluctuations obey a universal scaling law.
A new Rutgers study found that unmet family expectations in care, respect, and greet domains increase mortality risks among older Chinese American adults. Researchers assessed the discrepancy between expected and received filial piety across six domains.
A study published in JAMA finds that measuring carbon dioxide levels through an artery is more accurate than using end-tidal capnography for pediatric brain trauma patients. The protocol developed by the Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center has been widely used at Harborview Medical Center.
Researchers developed a 'risk-aware' mathematical model inspired by financial risk theories to improve cloud-computing networks. The model allocates traffic through optimal paths to minimize loss and maximize usage, reducing waste of energy and resources.
Researchers at SLAC used X-rays to observe fluctuations in charge density waves, discovering a universal dynamical scaling law that reveals the slow diffusion of a syrup-like behavior. Another study found two types of hidden arrangements, making a new link between charge stripes and high-temperature superconductivity.
Rates of marijuana exposure cases among children and teens in Massachusetts rose after medical marijuana was legalized in 2012, with most calls coming from healthcare facilities. The majority of exposures were intentional among teenagers and unintentional among young children.
Researchers evaluated satellite and reanalysis PWV datasets against radiosonde observations in Central Asia, finding ERA5 and MERRA2 perform better in climatological characteristics and interannual variations. The study provides valuable information for future research on water cycle in Central Asia.
Massachusetts kids experienced a doubling of cannabis-related poison control calls after medical marijuana was legalized, with single-substance exposure increasing 140% and edible products linked to most age groups. The study calls for stronger regulations to prevent unintentional exposure among young children and enhanced efforts to p...
A new study suggests that modern humans reached Mongolia around 45,000 years ago, challenging previous estimates of 35,000 years. The discovery includes stone tools and animal remains indicating a warm climate and human occupation in the region.
A new study by Ben-Gurion University found that most routers are vulnerable to cross-router data leaks through malicious attacks on guest networks. The researchers identified different levels of cross-router covert channels that can be combined and exploited for malicious purposes.
Researchers at TGen have identified a gene associated with a rare condition that results in physical and intellectual disabilities in children. Rare variants in the DDX6 gene are found to be associated with disruptions in brain development, leading to skills such as walking and talking.
Cardiac rehabilitation programmes have a positive impact on patients over 60 years old, improving their ability to exercise and reducing anxiety. After a few sessions, patients become more confident and have improved attitudes towards physical activity.
A preschool program using rhythm and movement activities boosts children's self-regulation skills and improves school readiness. The program, which involves group sessions twice a week for eight weeks, has been shown to produce significant changes in attentional and emotional development.
Research found that people with sensory impairments can expect fewer years of remaining life with limited physical function and ADLs. Those with both vision and hearing impairments had the greatest reduction in health expectancy, spending nearly one-third of their life with limitation in physical function.
A new study by USC researchers identifies family members as the most common perpetrators of financial elder abuse, making up nearly 55% of reported cases. The study analyzed over 2,000 calls to a National Center on Elder Abuse resource line and found that family members were responsible for more than 42% of alleged abuses.
A breakthrough in monkey malaria research by University of Otago scientists could help diagnose and treat a relapsing form of human malaria. The team has developed an in vitro culture method for the vivax malaria parasite, which is closely related to the relapsing parasite.
Research by Rutgers University found that moderate to heavy drinking during pregnancy can alter genes in newborns, increasing the risk of health issues. The study also identified biomarkers that predict prenatal alcohol exposure risks.
Researchers aim to increase photosynthesis efficiency by introducing an algal structure into plants, potentially increasing crop productivity. The team plans to engineer Arabidopsis thaliana with a functional pyrenoid to enhance carbon fixation and growth.
A global study found that bullying victimization is associated with a three-fold increased risk of suicide attempts among young adolescents. The study, which analyzed data from 48 countries, also found that the duration and frequency of bullying are key factors in predicting suicidal behavior.
Researchers discovered a gene variant, UPA2, in wild teosinte that can be used to increase maize yields under high-density planting. The introduction of this allele into modern maize resulted in significantly increased yield and upright plant growth.
A small pilot study found that adults with MCI can learn to practice mindfulness meditation, demonstrating that memory impairment does not preclude learning such skills. Participants who practiced daily showed improved understanding of key tenets of mindfulness, suggesting a potential non-pharmacological treatment for MCI.
Researchers have discovered eumelanin in fossilized crane-fly compound eyes, challenging previous hypotheses about arthropod vision. The study's findings suggest that trilobite lenses may be more similar to modern arthropod eyes than previously thought.
Researchers are searching for genetic links to stuttering through a global study recruiting Australian stutterers aged seven and older. The study aims to develop treatments targeting the disorder's underlying cause, rather than just symptoms, with potential benefits for better treatment and prevention of stuttering.
A recent survey of over 24,000 internal medicine residents found that about 14% reported being bullied, with foreign-born trainees experiencing higher rates. The study also linked bullying to burnout, depression, and poor performance on exams.
The relaxation of international regenerative medicine regulations can lead to a downward spiral in standards, warns Professor Margaret Sleeboom-Faulkner from the University of Sussex. As countries compete for innovative treatments, efficacy is compromised, and risks increase, making it harder to ensure patient safety.