A new study suggests that exercise can improve cognitive functions and working memory in some older individuals after just one session. The researchers found increased connectivity between brain regions involved in cognition and memory, leading to better performance on memory tests.
Middle school students who received mindfulness training showed better academic performance, fewer suspensions, and lower stress levels. Mindfulness also altered brain activity, reducing the activation of the amygdala region, which processes fear and emotions.
A study of 69,744 women and 1,429 men found higher optimism associated with increased odds of exceptional longevity. More optimistic individuals demonstrated 11-15% longer lifespan than less optimistic ones.
Researchers found that individuals with higher optimism levels live up to 11-15% longer and have a 50-70% greater chance of reaching 85 years old compared to those with lower optimism. Optimism may be linked to healthier habits, better emotional regulation, and increased resilience.
A recent study published in Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology found that 30% of young adult cancer patients (ages 18-39) tested positive for a breakdown product of cannabis. Cannabis users were more likely to be male and report having more severe symptoms, including pain and nausea.
Researchers at Stanford University have made a groundbreaking discovery that microscopic droplets of water spontaneously produce hydrogen peroxide. The finding has significant implications for the production and use of hydrogen peroxide, which is commonly used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant.
A Yale-led study reveals that transforming growth factor beta (TGFß) proteins trigger inflammation in endothelial cells, leading to plaque buildup and atherosclerosis. Disrupting TGFβ receptors with RNAi drug reduces inflammation and plaque effectively.
New antibiotics are prescribed in only about a quarter of CRE infections due to high costs, despite being classified as the best choice by pharmacists. The slow adoption is attributed to concerns about accelerating antibiotic resistance and limited data on their effectiveness.
A multi-site study will assess the safety and efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired with exercise therapies to improve upper limb function in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. The study aims to explore the effects of tDCS on strength, dexterity, and independence.
Researchers at Rice University found a way to safeguard quantum bit information by studying the behavior of heavy fermions in extreme cold and magnetic fields. The discovery provides a new approach to minimize decoherence, a major concern in qubit design.
Researchers at University of Utah used high-resolution rider data to quantify emissions saved by buses and commuter rail lines, finding a balance on weekdays during rush hours. Upgrading the bus and rail fleet could save up to 75% in some pollutants.
A new study by a UBC psychologist and researchers found that hiring committees who deny the existence of gender bias are less likely to promote women. The study, based on actual decisions made by 40 hiring committees in France, suggests that awareness and acknowledgement of barriers faced by women can help overcome implicit biases.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method to break down polyurethane waste into other useful products, such as adhesives and glues. This approach reduces the amount of toxic byproducts generated from incineration, providing an environmentally friendly solution to managing polyurethane waste.
New research reveals that 36% of post-market studies for pre-approved prescription drugs were not completed, with 50% taking an average of 5 years to begin. The study suggests that manufacturers lack incentive to complete these studies due to lax enforcement and high costs.
A clinical trial demonstrates the safety and feasibility of gold-silica nanoshells for treating localized prostate cancer, showing no serious side effects during treatment. The vast majority of treated lesions showed no evidence of tumor after 12 months.
Researchers have discovered primitive picrite lavas that may provide the first direct sample of a hot mantle plume underneath southern Africa during the Jurassic period. The Luenha picrites show compositional similarities to magmas formed in other deep mantle plume-related volcanic provinces worldwide.
A new study at Binghamton University reveals that obesity is connected to a weaker response to taste. Researchers found that obese rats showed smaller and less responsive taste reactions compared to lean rats.
A new study has found that systematic eradication of plants contaminated with the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) can keep passion fruit orchards producing for at least 25 months. The technique, known as roguing, involves removing weak or diseased plants to prevent the spread of the disease. In experiments conducted in Brazil, ...
University of Alberta researchers found a critical protein called PEX3 in the cells of a deadly infectious parasite, opening the door to less harmful treatment options for millions suffering from diseases. The discovery could lead to effective drug treatments that target and kill parasites without harming human hosts.
Researchers found that glial cells, which make up 80% of brain cells, contribute to seizures by releasing glutamate, a chemical that transmits signals between neurons. The study suggests that targeting glial cells may lead to new treatments for epilepsy.
A new study reveals that ocean acidification is negatively affecting diatoms, a key group of microscopic marine organisms responsible for 40% of ocean productivity. The loss of silica production and sinking ability could lead to reduced atmospheric CO2 removal and storage in the deep ocean.
A new CRISPR gene editing system, encapsulated in a nanolipogel, effectively targets and knocks out the Lcn2 oncogene, curbing tumor growth in mice, providing a potential genetic treatment for triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a coating that overcomes some of the battery's defects, extending its life and making it safer. The coating prevents dendrites from forming, which can cause the battery to combust or create a short circuit.
Research reveals that prenatal organophosphate exposure is associated with decreased brain activity in adolescents, particularly in regions related to cognitive and language functions. The study also identifies sex-dependent differences in brain activation patterns following OP exposure.
Researchers have identified seven types of germ cell tumors, which are caused by failure of mechanisms that prevent spontaneous embryonal development. The new classification is valuable for future research, epidemiology, and clinical care, as it enables more reliable mapping of treatment sensitivity and resistances.
A recent study found that primary care physicians recommend health promotion to at least some cancer survivors, but oncologists and specialists rarely do. Cancer survivors face increased risks of cardiovascular disease if they don't adopt healthy lifestyles.
Researchers from SISSA and UC Davis develop a new methodology that bridges different approaches for crystals and glasses, enabling predictive modelling of heat transport in complex disordered materials. This breakthrough empowers scientists to understand and design heat transport for various applications.
Scientists have discovered a new catalyst material that speeds up hydrogen production using topological surface states. The material, Co3Sn2S2, has been shown to outperform conventional nano-structured catalysts despite having much lower platinum content.
A study of 90 Austrian chess players found that both intelligence and practice positively influenced skill level. More intelligent players acquired skills more quickly and retained them longer with the same amount of practice.
A recent study from Uppsala University and Polish Academy of Sciences describes the contents of three Jurassic pterosaur coprolites, revealing a diet rich in foraminifera, small shells, and polychaete worms. The findings suggest that these Late Jurassic pterosaurs were filter feeders, similar to modern flamingos.
Researchers measured the tower's vibrations using seismometers and found two primary resonance modes at frequencies of 0.8 and 1.0 hertz. The results help scientists understand how human-made vibrations affect seemingly unmovable rocks, offering a geological checkup for natural rock forms.
A comprehensive review paper provides a thorough understanding of the scientific and technological knowledge behind nanocomposite fabrication using selective laser melting. The study highlights the potential of this additive manufacturing technology for creating customized parts with unique structures and properties.
A new blood test has been developed to detect concussions and subconcussive injuries in children and adults, which can cause wear and tear on the brain over time. The study included over 700 patients with varying injury mechanisms, revealing elevated levels of two biomarkers GFAP and UCH-L1 in patients with non-concussive head trauma.
Researchers have made significant advancements in perovskite solar cells by tuning the halide-cation mixture, delaying the collapse of the sol-gel structure and promoting the formation of the desirable α-phase. This leads to improved solar cell performance and stability.
A cancer therapy invented at Rice University has shown promising results in clinical trials, destroying tumors without debilitating side effects. Thirteen of the first 15 prostate cancer patients treated with AuroLase Therapy showed no detectable signs of cancer a year after treatment.
A Northwestern University study found that white parents with higher racial bias awareness are more likely to discuss race with their children, promoting increased color consciousness and decreased color blindness. This could have implications for interventions to reduce racial biases in childhood.
Researchers create polyurethane that can be dissolved in organic solvents, enabling easy degradation and reprocessing into new products. The breakthrough has potential applications in adhesives, paints, and other industries.
A new study found that multiple-birth infants are at a higher risk of wrong-patient order errors in the NICU, with errors between siblings accounting for most excess risk. The risk grows with increasing number of siblings, and using given names or pseudonyms can help reduce the risk
Researchers at Flinders University have isolated a compound from the Australian white rock sea snail with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as important anti-cancer effects. The compound, part of the indole class, shows promise for preventing colon cancer tumor formation.
A new study published in Public Health Nutrition found that Canadian children's diet quality during school hours improved by 13% over an 11-year period. The improvement was largely due to increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, as well as a reduction in calories from minimally nutritious foods.
Researchers found that 36% of squash bees are chronically exposed to lethal doses of clothianidin in soil, exceeding the acceptable threshold of 5%. This risk is applicable to many other wild bee species in Canada, highlighting the need for new approaches to protect pollinators and crops simultaneously.
A study by CNRS scientists reveals implicit gender stereotypes among male and female researchers, which can lead to women being denied promotions. The findings suggest that awareness of these biases is crucial for promoting equality in the scientific community.
Researchers found that dopamine-related changes in the brain stem may influence human behavior and decision-making. Fluctuations in the dopaminergic midbrain have been linked to behavioral variability, suggesting a possible non-random basis for human choices.
Research found that social and executive brain functions are essential for successful language processing, even in individuals with dementia. Patients with frontotemporal dementia performed poorly on language tests despite showing no speech impairment, highlighting the importance of non-language brain regions.
A recent study found that Medicare patients with multiple sclerosis have seen a significant increase in out-of-pocket costs for their medications over the past decade. The cost of these drugs has risen more than sevenfold, affecting not only the patients but also the healthcare system as a whole.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that increasing PD-L1 expression in colorectal cancer cells can improve chemotherapy effectiveness. This discovery suggests a potential strategy to enhance treatment outcomes for patients with resistant colon cancer.
Research predicts a 25% decline in evergreen conifer trees and a nearly doubling of broadleaf deciduous trees by 2100. This shift will have significant ecological and climatic implications for the entire ecosystem and carbon cycle.
A University of Texas at Dallas physicist has teamed with Texas Instruments Inc. to design a better way for electronics to convert waste heat into reusable energy. Thermoelectric nanoblades have been shown to greatly increase silicon's ability to harvest energy from heat, making it mass-producible.
A Canadian study suggests that vaccinating older adults against shingles is cost-effective, with the Shingrix vaccine providing better protection than Zostavax. The study found that fewer people need to be vaccinated to prevent one case of shingles for the newer vaccine.
Rutgers University studies reveal higher rates of cognitive impairment among older Chinese American women, linked to depression, chronic conditions, and lower education levels. The research emphasizes the need for policy interventions to address linguistic, cultural, and socioeconomic barriers.
Tropical Depression 13W has triggered warnings in the Philippines due to its location and potential for heavy rainfall. The NASA Terra satellite used infrared light to analyze storm strength, finding strongest storms with cloud top temperatures as cold as -80 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers review environmental conditions leading to harmful algal blooms in rivers, lakes, and coastal oceans, highlighting the impact of agricultural, urban, and industrial activities on water quality and biological resources.
A human infective nematode has been identified in canine carriers for the first time in remote northern Australia. The study suggests that dogs may represent a potential reservoir of human strongyloidiasis in these communities.
Oncologists suggest using nab-paclitaxel instead of paclitaxel prior to surgery for high-risk breast cancer patients, potentially improving long-term outcomes and reducing disease recurrence. This approach may be particularly beneficial for women with hormone receptor positive, HER-2 negative breast cancer.
Women with breast cancer who experience depression, anxiety, or mental health conditions are more likely to use opioids and have lower survival rates. Researchers recommend alternative pain management options like physical therapy, massage, and acupuncture to improve treatment outcomes.
A new model of heat transfer in crystals has been developed by a team of Russian scientists from Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. The model describes the distribution of heat in ultrapure crystals at the atomic level, revealing certain directions along which heat rays distribute major energy.
A team of researchers has discovered the molecular basis of fireworms' bioluminescence, revealing a novel chemical structure for luciferin. The findings provide insight into a completely new mechanism of light emission and hold potential for developing new bioluminescence-based applications.
Scientists have detailed the structure of calcium-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), a key protein involved in encoding memories. The study reveals how CaMKII binds to actin filaments, forming rigid bundles that support dendritic spines and enable cognitive functions.
Researchers found that moral obligation is a key factor in protesters' decisions, followed by identification with the protesting group's values. The study suggests that ideology also plays a role in people's engagement in collective action. In total, the model correctly classified respondents in 87% of cases.
The study found that disposable devices might lead to lower rates of post-colonoscopy infection, but institutions with thousands of procedures per year could better benefit from improved disinfection methods. High-volume centers tend to have lower infection risks due to increased experience and faster turnover of colonoscopes.