A University of Birmingham study found that children who received cultural information about magpies valued the birds' cultural significance and believed it should be protected. In contrast, those given only scientific information showed less regard for cultural heritage and its connection to conservation.
MIT researchers have developed a new optical imaging system called DOLPHIN that can detect tiny tumors deep within living tissue. The system uses near-infrared light and hyperspectral imaging to pinpoint fluorescent probes, allowing for earlier cancer diagnosis and potentially more effective treatment.
Researchers found that chimpanzee behavioral diversity is reduced by 88% in areas with high human impact, indicating a loss of cultural traditions and social learning opportunities. This study highlights the need to protect animal behavioral diversity as part of biodiversity conservation efforts.
Researchers have developed a new mouse model that closely resembles human acne by adding synthetic sebum, allowing them to directly compare 'good' and 'bad' strains of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The study found that acne-associated strains caused inflammation and lesions, while health-associated strains had minimal effect.
Researchers have successfully pharmacologically activated Nurr1, a key molecule implicated in Parkinson's disease, offering a potential new treatment strategy. The breakthrough discovery provides valuable leads for developing drugs to restore proper dopamine balance and slow the progression of the disease.
A team of scientists has found that an analogue of vitamin B3, nicotinamide riboside, can increase the activity of hematopoietic stem cells and boost their ability to produce new blood cells. This breakthrough has significant implications for stem-cell therapy patients, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Emergency department visits by people aged 65 and older with opioid misuse more than tripled between 2006 and 2014. Opioid misuse is associated with chronic conditions, increased injury risk, and higher rates of alcohol dependence and mental health diagnoses.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a germ-fighting catheter coating that can kill MRSA bacteria and prevent biofilm formation. The coating, which releases the drug auranofin, has shown promising results in lab tests, inhibiting MRSA growth for up to 26 days.
A new study found little evidence of elk modifying their behavior to avoid grey wolves in Yellowstone National Park, contradicting earlier research on the topic. The study used GPS tracking technology to monitor elk and wolf movements between 2012 and 2016.
A Cornell University team found that the NYS apple industry generates an additional $2 billion in industry output and nearly 12,000 jobs due to its significant support of related industries. The new framework for economic impact analysis provides a more accurate picture of the industry's economic contribution.
A new process developed by Purdue University researchers makes it easier to cut and shape exotic metals, reducing the need for high-force machining. The method uses a designer surface-active agent to create a smoother end surface with fewer cracks and tears.
A study published in Pediatric Research found that having a TV in the bedroom at age 4 is associated with later physical, mental, and social problems. Children who spent more time watching TV in their room had higher body mass indexes, unhealthy eating habits, lower sociability, and increased emotional distress.
Researchers have identified a major mutation pattern in human cancer that occurs in bursts, with the cause of these mutational bursts remaining mysterious. The study, published in Cell, provides a vast resource for investigating the biological mechanisms behind cancer mutations.
According to a recent study published in the American Associates, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, giving birth at age 50 is as safe as at 40, without increasing risk to mother or baby.
A team of researchers has identified intricate synchronization patterns in an experimental network, revealing the potential for complex behavior to emerge in even the simplest systems. The study, published in Science, explores how networks can exhibit unexpected coordination and coupling, with implications for understanding and control...
An international team of scientists discovered a new species of killer whale, Type D, off the coast of Cape Horn, Chile. Genetic samples collected will help determine whether this animal is indeed new to science.
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba have isolated bacteria that break down cyclic imines, a key component in medicines for hypertension. The discovery highlights copper amine oxidase as the enzyme responsible for this process.
The spacecraft studied the solar wind to better understand turbulence, which is a chaotic motion of a fluid. The mini-campaign provides scientists with an up-close view to push the frontiers of the field.
A new study from Carnegie Mellon University reveals that learning scientific information results in changes in the actual structure of memory-related areas of the brain. The researchers found evidence of microstructural, informational, and network change in the left hippocampus during the learning of organic compounds.
Researchers found that SGLT-2 inhibitors induce a fasting state by causing the body to lose glucose, triggering weight loss and reduced fatty liver disease. The medication also activates beneficial metabolic pathways similar to those seen during fasting or calorie restriction.
Researchers examine experiences of families with pediatric onset MS, finding complex diagnostic odyssey and high emotional toll. Disease-modifying treatments improve outcomes, but long-term emotional support needed for patients' families.
A study has revealed that young adults under 40 are experiencing an alarming increase in heart attacks, despite having the same mortality rates as older survivors. Substance abuse and diabetes may be contributing to this trend, emphasizing the need for prevention and early detection of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology develop a novel multiplexing technique using the optical vortex to encode independent signals, enabling high-speed data transmission with low energy consumption. The device has been fabricated and demonstrated its potential in improving optical networks.
A study in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases analyzed gene expression in patients with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, revealing a heightened presence of B cell transcripts and unique patterns of macrophage activation. The research also identified new targets for vaccine development against this rare and neglected tropical disease.
A team of researchers from Duke University and Aalto University has developed a device called a meta-mirror that can perfectly reflect sound waves in any direction. The device uses metamaterials to control the speed and amplitude of sound waves, allowing it to steer them towards desired directions.
A study from a Japanese university consortium shows that university programs to promote rural healthcare increase the number of physicians practicing in rural areas. The programs led to an average 24% increase in graduates working in non-metropolitan areas compared to those without these programs.
The European Commission has approved a 5-year, 9.1 million euro program to enhance quantum science and technologies in the Upper Rhine region. The initiative aims to foster fundamental research and applications, including secure communication networks and new materials.
The study of knitting reveals the underlying mathematical rules governing shape and stretchiness, which could lead to designing new tunable materials. Researchers aim to create flexible material replacing biological tissues with personalized sizing and elasticity.
Researchers developed AutoDet method for real-time surface contamination detection using AI and hyperspectral imaging. This enables targeted cleaning, reducing unnecessary disinfectant use and promoting sustainable cleaning practices.
A study reveals that eight out of ten women of childbearing age have never had their cholesterol levels checked, highlighting gaps in lipid screening. Research suggests that high cholesterol during pregnancy can lead to early birth and low birth weight babies, as well as increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
A new web application called Radiance Light Trends allows anyone to analyze satellite data on light emissions since 1992, tracking changes in regions like Berlin and the Tucson International Airport. The app provides valuable insights into the causes of these changes, including energy-saving measures and greenhouse lighting.
Researchers used next-generation sequencing to identify additional DNA markers in the carob tree, increasing resolution for population genetics studies. This approach shows promise for analyzing species with limited genetic diversity, including those that underwent strong bottlenecks.
A team of researchers led by James DeGregori will identify lung tissue characteristics that enable cancer cell growth, aiming to predict cancer risk and develop interventions. The study aims to modulate the lung environment to reduce cancer risk, rather than targeting cancer cells alone.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a new way to destroy bacteria that can prevent wounds from healing. By using electroceutical bandages, the team found that electrical impulses can break down biofilms and kill bacteria, leading to faster wound healing.
A study found that former NFL players, particularly those with larger body sizes, are at risk for heart abnormalities and high blood pressure years after retirement. Researchers urge close monitoring of cardiovascular health in former players.
A study of 936 asthma patients found that obesity and older age were linked to higher risks of airway closure. Therapies targeting airway closure may be crucial for these patients.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the near-atomic structure of the smallest membrane protein solved to date. The study reveals new insights into the primitive function of the cGAS-STING pathway, which could lead to better immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Two BU medical students created a first-of-its-kind video on preventing falls from operating room tables, exploring the risks and strategies to mitigate these accidents. The award-winning video aims to educate healthcare providers on patient safety in operating rooms.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified a genetic mechanism that may contribute to 10% of all obesity cases. Alterations in the cellular machinery regulating leptin production can lead to obesity treatable with leptin therapy, and human genetics studies suggest a similar mechanism may contribute to obesity in some patients.
Research reveals that gut microbiota is essential for thermoregulation, particularly in animals exposed to cold. The study found that gut microbiota helps stimulate the activation of Brown Adipose Tissue and promotes white adipose tissue browning, leading to improved thermogenic capacity.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba identify diclofenac as a factor promoting cardiac reprogramming in postnatal and adult fibroblasts, while inhibiting COX-2 and suppressing inflammatory signaling. This finding has important implications for developing new therapies for cardiac regeneration in pediatric and adult patients.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that hepatocytes orchestrate cancer spread to liver by activating protein STAT3, which increases production of SAA proteins. This 'soil' allows cancer cells to 'seed' and establish in the liver.
Poorer cognitive function in older adults is associated with poorer oral health and a higher risk of tooth loss. A study of 4,416 UK adults found that those with lower cognitive function scores had a 39% higher odds of tooth loss compared to those with higher scores.
A new study found that states with more permissive gun laws and greater gun ownership have higher rates of mass shootings. On average, more permissive states and states with higher gun ownership rates appeared to have more mass shootings.
Research led by Queen Mary University of London finds that pesticides affect genes in bumblebees, leading to changes in gene activity levels. The study highlights the need for improved regulation on neonicotinoid pesticides to protect pollinator health and ecosystem stability.
Researchers at Rutgers University have developed a new way to control the light emitted by hybrid crystal semiconductors, which could lead to more efficient solar cells and other electronic devices. By adjusting voltage applied to an electrode, they can increase the intensity of light emitted up to 100 times.
Researchers used time-lapse imaging to show that mouse induced pluripotent stem cells differentiated into cardiomyocytes significantly faster at microgravity. The study, published in Stem Cells and Development, suggests a promising area of research for regenerative medicine and manned space travel.
Scientists discovered consistent brain activity patterns in people with autism that could be used to track treatment progress. The findings suggest that altering these patterns may help improve symptoms, but further studies are needed for confirmation.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Health will investigate deep brain stimulation as a potential therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease, building on previous studies that showed significant improvements in cognitive function in young nonhuman primates. The five-year study aims to determine if DBS can improve memory and counteract...
Researchers analyzed data from a statewide clinical registry to examine the association of race on weight-loss surgery outcomes. The study found significant racial disparities in results, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to address health inequities.
Researchers at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) have identified key genes that promote spinal cord regeneration in axolotls. By activating these genes, scientists were able to force human cells to undergo regeneration, highlighting similarities between species.
A new study reveals that a diet rich in birds is the key factor driving influenza A virus exposure in wild African mammals. Herbivores showed low prevalence and diversity, while carnivores had the highest diversity and prevalence.
A new method using rapid laser imaging has expanded the number of analyzed shell records, allowing for greater accuracy and longer time periods in reconstructed records. This technique enables researchers to study human and ecological responses to past climate changes, gaining insights into future climate change impacts.
Scientists model dinosaur species distribution in North America to show they were adaptable and not declining before the meteorite, contrary to previous theories. The study finds a range of habitats could support dinosaur groups at the end of the Cretaceous, but these areas are less likely to preserve fossils.
A new study by Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences reveals that a diverse portfolio of herbivore fish species is equally important to keeping reefs well grazed and hospitable to baby corals. This finding has significant implications for the management of tropical fisheries.
A KAIST research team found that blue-enriched white light exposure improves melatonin levels and subjective perception of alertness, mood, and visual comfort compared to warm white light. This study proposes a new approach to indoor lighting strategies, benefiting residential areas, learning environments, and working spaces.
Researchers found that young women with a family history of hypertension have decreased baroreflex sensitivity, which can be a marker for hypertension and heart disease. This study suggests that these women may be at increased risk for developing high blood pressure later in life.
Researchers developed graphene quantum dots embedded in hexagonal boron nitride, enabling successful synthesis of high-quality single-electron transistors. The study demonstrated the manifestation of Coulomb blockade phenomena in each graphene quantum dot as a separate single electron transmission channel.
Individuals taking statins may experience higher insulin levels and insulin resistance, leading to a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The analysis found a 38% increased risk among those who used statins for 15 years or more.
A new study found that grasslands increase in vegetation biomass when exposed to elevated carbon dioxide levels, especially during rainy periods. This suggests that seasonal precipitation plays a crucial role in determining the impact of CO2 on plant growth.