A retrospective study found an 82.5% relative increase in radial scar diagnoses after transitioning to tomosynthesis, but a significant decrease in upgrade rates for invasive cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ. This suggests it may be safe to follow-up pure radial scars diagnosed on core biopsy without surgery.
Researchers have found microorganisms in toxic sites like the Berkeley Pit, which produce potent molecules with potential human medicine uses. These molecules show anti-cancer and antibiotic activities, offering new hope for treating diseases such as cancer and antibiotic-resistant infections.
A 15-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis was treated with genetically engineered bacteriophages to combat a life-threatening, drug-resistant infection. The treatment led to the clearance of skin nodules and improvement in liver function, demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of phage therapy.
A new study found that hospitalizations for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) surge in the US among young adults, but remain relatively low in Canada. The disparity is attributed to differences in healthcare systems and access to insulin, with the US experiencing a significant increase in DKA rates as teenagers become young adults.
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School found that older adults with obesity can expect 6 more years of remaining life with physical limitations and 5 less years without them at age 60. They also observed similar patterns at ages 70 and 80, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or education status.
A new study published in Science Advances suggests that the South African fossil Australopithecus sediba is unlikely to be the direct ancestor of humans. Instead, researchers believe that Australopithecus afarensis, known for the 'Lucy' skeleton, is a stronger candidate.
A study by Florian Kunze and Max Reinwald found that employees who don't fit in teams experience discrimination and absenteeism, which can lead to significant losses for companies. The researchers observed over 800 teams in a Swiss-based service company over seven years and found that dissimilar team members accrue more days of absence.
Protein shapes are crucial for determining their role and effectiveness in the body. Researchers at Purdue University have created a new method to map and classify 3D surface shapes of proteins, which will aid in understanding protein structures and functions.
Marine invertebrates' vision is highly sensitive to oxygen levels, with reduced oxygen causing 60-100% vision loss. Most species recover visual function when oxygen levels are restored.
Researchers identified volatile compounds contributing to dark chocolate's distinctive aroma, including β-ionone and other essential components. By quantifying these substances using stable isotope dilution analysis, the team successfully reconstructed the scents of two dark chocolates with remarkable accuracy.
Astronomers found that early supernovae ejected violent jets, enriching the gas clouds of subsequent stars. The team's discovery challenges previous assumptions about the first stars' explosions.
Researchers have developed a method to identify potential targets for new drugs using live blood cells from patients with mental health disorders. The approach has the potential to accelerate drug discovery and personalized medicine for neuropsychiatric disorders, reducing animal testing and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers have discovered that granular materials, such as sand and coffee, exhibit similar behavior to immiscible liquids when fluidized. This phenomenon has significant implications for industries like pharmaceuticals and energy production, where efficient processing of granular materials is crucial.
Scientists have caught a new class of molecular switches in action, revealing the full sequence of structural transformations. The discovery sheds light on how thermal steps work and provides new control mechanisms to improve switch performance.
Cardiovascular PET has grown into a staple of contemporary cardiovascular care, with emerging techniques expanding its applications to CAD, CMD, and vascular plaques. The development of new tracers and absolute flow assessment are poised to further improve diagnostic information and treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed an approach called Unremarkable AI that aims to make transformational AI seem unobtrusive in clinical decision making. This approach is designed to enable seamless human-AI collaboration by embedding AI-generated predictions and evaluations into existing clinical routines.
A new model reveals 'tipping points' where small localized rain increases lead to widespread road disruptions, even isolating entire regions. The model was validated using Hurricane Harvey data and shows a 90.6% prediction rate for reported road closures.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine suggests that climate change may be contributing to a mysterious epidemic of chronic kidney disease among agricultural workers. The researchers found that heat exposure and heavy labor are common factors in the disease, which is also linked to toxins such as glyphosate and lead.
A large trial has found that progesterone treatment can increase the chances of a baby being born for women who experience early pregnancy bleeding and have a history of miscarriage. The study involved over 4,000 pregnant women and showed a significant increase in live births among those receiving progesterone treatment.
Researchers at Harvard University have improved the laboratory process of converting stem cells into insulin-producing beta cells, increasing purity to 80 percent. This breakthrough may improve beta cell transplants for patients with type 1 diabetes.
A Stanford-led study tracked over 100 people for years, collecting genetic and molecular data to identify clinically actionable health discoveries. The research uncovered 67 health issues, including high blood pressure, arrhythmias, and early stage cancer detection.
Computer scientists at Columbia University developed VisiBlends, a platform that combines human steps with AI to create visually blended images. The system enabled novice designers to produce 10 times as many creative results as unguided brainstorming sessions.
A Canadian study estimates that over one-third of cancer cases in Canada can be prevented through a combination of policymaking and education. The ComPARe project analyzed the burden of cancer in Canada caused by modifiable lifestyle, environmental, and infectious agent risk factors.
Two studies found a significant association between psoriasis and an increased risk of mental health disorders, including depression and anxiety, in Denmark and South Korea. The research highlights the importance of addressing the mental health needs of individuals with chronic skin conditions like psoriasis.
A new study found that repeated exposure and child-centered nutrition phrases increased preschoolers' willingness to try and consume new foods. The study suggests that consistent and accurate nutrition messages can help develop healthy eating behaviors in young children.
The article discusses the importance of multimodality imaging training for general and advanced cardiology fellowships. The ideal training models remain undetermined, leaving uncertainties about manpower needs and cardiologist expertise.
A new study published in The Social Science Journal found that negative economic reporting contributes to people's emotions and increases suicide rates. The study used data from the USA and explored consumer sentiment during times of economic uncertainty.
A new study outlines a roadmap for expanding Stanford's energy system innovations to other campuses, maximizing purchases of electricity during renewable power hours and reducing carbon emissions. Thermal storage tanks offer an affordable alternative to traditional batteries, with costs about 15% lower.
Researchers have developed a new micro-device that enables the study of blood cells and tiny particles as if they were inside the human body. The device uses a mini-vortex to spin cells, allowing for tailored experiments in drug development and disease research.
Marko, a wireless movement-tracking system, transmits low-power radio-frequency signals to analyze reflections and associate them with specific individuals. The system traces movement patterns to provide insights into behavior and health, offering a new passive way to track functional health profiles of patients at home.
A QUT analysis of studies on attitudes towards medicinal cannabis found that health professionals are broadly supportive but concerned about psychiatric harm and misuse. They also lack knowledge across all aspects, including pharmacology and legislation.
A recent study reveals that radiology residents in the US are not adequately trained to identify and report child abuse. The study, presented at the ARRS 2019 Annual Meeting, found that residents correctly identified only 37.6% of non-accidental trauma cases over a five-year period.
A team of researchers from Trinity College Dublin has discovered that SARM plays an important role in the immune response and regulates inflammation. The study suggests that targeting SARM could provide a new option for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer
Scientists at Lobachevsky University have developed a new method for measuring the photochemical reflectance index using yellow-green light pulses, reducing sensitivity to lighting conditions and improving accuracy. The method has been tested on agricultural plants and found to be more reliable than traditional indicators of photosynth...
A large study found that HER2 expression can predict DCIS recurrence and progression, enabling targeted treatments for high-risk patients. By screening DCIS patients for HER2, doctors can minimize the chance of recurrence or spread in lower-risk patients.
A study by Bocconi University researchers found that hospitals with more open cultures have lower mortality rates, as staff are encouraged to report errors and take action. The results suggest that reforms in the English NHS since 2016 are on the right track.
Research found that individuals with depression who experienced stress in the previous 24 hours had worse endothelial function. The study also linked stress to more severe symptoms of depression and poor vascular function.
A team of researchers from Osaka University and Kirin Holdings Company, Limited demonstrated that the texture-formation in a pint glass of Guinness beer is induced by flow of a bubble-free fluid film flowing down along the wall of the glass. The phenomenon is analogous to roll waves observed in water sliding downhill on a rainy day.
The study provides new insights into the functional role of the PPC in decision-making, showing that it plays an essential role in making judgments about unknown sensory stimuli. The researchers used a novel behavioral technique and precise manipulation of neuronal activity to demonstrate the causal role of the PPC during decision-making.
A study by Clara Berridge found that surveillance cameras in nursing homes can record personal moments, compromising resident privacy and dignity. The survey also highlighted issues with consent and the security of camera feeds, highlighting the need for reform and increased funding for long-term care systems.
A new study published in The Lancet has identified levetiracetam as a safe and effective alternative to phenytoin for treating convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children. The trial, conducted by the EcLiPSE Team, involved over 300 children and found that levetiracetam may be considered as an alternative treatment to phenytoin.
Researchers have identified specific neurons in the brainstem of mice that encode sweetness and convey sweet taste-specific signals. This breakthrough study reveals new information about how different taste qualities are processed by distinct types of neurons.
A UK study reveals that state-funded preschools maintain high-quality childcare settings due to highly qualified staff, even with less favorable child-to-staff ratios. The study's findings suggest that policy changes and in-service training plans are crucial factors in predicting quality.
A new study by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that arsenic exposure in drinking water may lead to thickening of the heart's main pumping chamber in young adults, increasing the risk for future heart problems. The study, published online in Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, assessed the effects of arsenic o...
Researchers at the University of Michigan discovered that paper wasps possess the ability to use known relationships to infer unknown ones, similar to humans. This cognitive skill may be linked to their complex social behavior and dominance hierarchies, allowing them to rapidly make deductions about novel social relationships.
A new climate policy model debuts in Nature Communications, finding that reducing carbon emissions is economically sound due to immediate human health benefits. The study supports the Paris Climate Agreement targets and suggests a target of 2 degrees Celsius is defensible if health benefits are included.
Researchers have detailed the role of T-bet, a key transcription factor, in transforming B cells into antibody-secreting cells. The study found that T-bet acts through a distinct mechanism, repressing inflammatory genes in B cells to facilitate their differentiation.
University of Minnesota researchers have identified a novel circuit in the cell membrane that signals changes to bacterial surface adhesive proteins. This intramembrane signaling system appears to provide a 'fail-safe' mechanism to edit surface proteins and enable bacteria to adhere and colonize different body surfaces.
Researchers at Nemours Children's Health System have found the military's Combat Application Tourniquet (CAT) to be effective in controlling blood flow in children's arms and legs, with a success rate of 100% for upper extremities and 93% for lower extremities.
A new study reveals that microbes play a crucial role in sequestering carbon from subduction zones, influencing climate change. The research found that about 94% of subducted carbon is deposited as calcium carbonate and microbial biomass in the forearc subsurface.
Researchers found that arsenic exposure was associated with thickening of the heart's main pumping chamber and increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly in individuals with high blood pressure. The study suggests that reducing arsenic exposure may be able to reverse some changes in heart structure.
A multidisciplinary team from Columbia Engineering and Vanderbilt University has demonstrated regeneration of severely damaged lungs in a clinically relevant model. The researchers developed a cross-circulation platform that maintained lung viability and function, enabling the recovery of lungs unsuitable for transplant due to injury.
Researchers found that teen girls are more likely to experience depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts compared to boys, regardless of whether they are bullied or not. The study also revealed that relational bullying among females is often hidden from view.
Scientists discovered differences in Müller cell shape and biology between the retina's macula and peripheral regions, shedding light on the eye's defense mechanism against disease. The study found that macula Müller cells produce more serine, a protective amino acid, but are more susceptible to stress when this production is blocked.
Researchers found that tumors with a higher degree of microsatellite instability (MSI) are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. MSI-high tumors have a higher amount of indel mutations, which can generate neoantigens recognized by the immune system.
A recent study published in Nature confirms that Denisovans lived on the Tibetan Plateau during the Middle Pleistocene era. The discovery of a 160,000-year-old human mandible found in Xiahe, China, provides evidence of an early human presence on the plateau, predating modern humans.
A pilot study found that Montmorency tart cherry juice reduced systolic blood pressure and lowered insulin levels in adults with metabolic syndrome. The study also showed improvements in arterial stiffness after consumption of the juice.
Researchers used radiocarbon dating to track carbon release from thawing permafrost in Siberian-Arctic rivers. The study found that permafrost and peat carbon contributed significantly to dissolved organic carbon in the rivers, with seasonal differences suggesting gradual thaw of surface permafrost as the main source.
The World Economic Forum has announced a new Space Sustainability Rating system to address growing space traffic and debris in Earth's orbit. The rating will assess satellite operators' environmental impact, with the goal of reducing congestion and promoting sustainability.
Researchers developed an online multi-player game called SIGNAL to explore deterrence and decision-making in escalating conflicts. The game allows for large-N data analysis, collecting insights from thousands of games, which can inform policies, strategies, and tactics.