A study comparing percutaneous liver ablation interventions (IRs) to surgical procedures for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) found IRs had significantly lower inhospital mortality rates and hospitalization costs. IRs were also associated with shorter lengths of stay and a higher routine discharge rate to home.
A study found that children who developed de novo donor-specific antibodies (dnDSA) after kidney transplant had thicker carotid intima-media layers than those without these antibodies. Being African American was also associated with increased CIMT in transplant recipients.
Researchers have identified a cellular mechanism that prevents retinal regeneration in mammals, but allows for regeneration in zebrafish. By manipulating this pathway, it may be possible to restore lost vision by activating the retina's regenerative capacity.
BioBits Health, a Northwestern University-led project, introduces CRISPR and antibiotic resistance to high school students. Students perform experiments using freeze-dried cell-free reactions, visualizing DNA editing and drug resistance, and exploring ethics.
A comprehensive analysis of 25 studies revealed that prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was more strongly associated with risk of adverse outcomes than gestational weight gain. The study included nearly 197,000 women and suggests that optimal pre-pregnancy weight is crucial for a healthy pregnancy.
Researchers investigated whether taking aspirin before a fecal immunochemical test could improve the ability to detect cancer precursors. The study found no statistically significant difference in detection rates between those who took aspirin and those who took a placebo.
A new study from the University of Texas at Austin examines the role of geologic conditions in the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster. The research, published in Scientific Reports, reveals a significant drop in pore pressure near the bottom of the well, leading to a controversial cement decision that contributed to the blowout.
Researchers have discovered a significant link between insulin resistance and fibromyalgia, enabling the use of metformin medication to reduce pain levels. The study found that most patients with fibromyalgia can be identified by their A1c levels, which reflect average blood sugar levels over two to three months.
Researchers compared common bedside testing platforms to determine blood clotting speed and found the iSTAT platform offers a better balance of speed and accuracy. The Hepcon system provides consistent results with lab-based anti-Xa tests but lacks physiologically active heparin levels, making it less valuable for patient care.
Research reveals that cancer risk assessment tools are being widely underused by UK GPs, with only half of those with access using them. The study's findings highlight the need for improved training and integration of these tools into consultations to improve cancer diagnosis and survival rates.
Researchers discovered that the right hemisphere plays a crucial role in processing foreign speech sounds at the beginning of language learning. Successful learners showed increased activity in the right hemisphere during sound recognition tasks. The study's findings have the potential to improve instructional methods for adult learners.
A study examining national survey data found that approximately 10.9 million Americans have alcoholic fatty liver disease, highlighting the need for awareness and prevention efforts. The study's findings also suggest a significant association between heavy drinking and the development of this condition.
A new study from Drexel University shows that a computer game can be used to train individuals to eat less sugar, leading to weight loss and improved health. The 'Diet DASH' game targets the part of the brain that inhibits impulses with the goal of reducing sweet food consumption.
Soil microbiome plays crucial role in woodland health, influencing pathogens that affect holm oak and improving trees' resilience. The study found that beneficial microorganisms like Trichoderma can help prevent oomycete pathogens, while mycorrhizae abundance leads to reduced defoliation.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that patients treated by Medicare providers committing fraud and abuse are more likely to be minorities, disabled, and dually-enrolled in Medicaid. The study analyzed data from 2012-2015 and identified over 1 million beneficiaries treated by excluded providers.
A study has uncovered chemical evidence suggesting the use of psychoactive plants in pre-Columbian rituals in Bolivia. The analysis of a 1,000-year-old ritual bundle found five psychoactive compounds, including cocaine and dimethyltryptamine, which hint at the use of multiple plants to make ayahuasca
Researchers have found that anakinra, a long-standing immunosuppressive drug, can diminish fetal deaths and birth defects in mice infected with the Zika virus. The study suggests that targeting placental immune responses may be a viable treatment approach for reducing Zika-related birth defects.
Researchers have created a new dataset called BOLD5000, which comprises brain scans of four volunteers viewing 5,000 images. This dataset allows cognitive neuroscientists to leverage deep learning models that have improved artificial vision systems.
A clinical trial found that transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is equivalent or potentially preferable to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for low-risk surgical patients. TAVR showed strong post-procedure benefits, including reduced re-hospitalizations and improved quality of life metrics at 30 days.
Researchers have successfully lowered levels of mutant huntingtin protein in patients with Huntington disease, making the treatment safe and well-tolerated. The trial enrolled 46 patients and found significant decreases in disease-causing protein levels without serious adverse reactions.
The research team developed a novel heating technology using a microwave-induced wireless lamp, achieving high-quality crystallization of amorphous silicon films with improved efficiency. The system uses an electrodeless lamp that absorbs microwave energy without electrical wiring, resulting in energy saving and durability.
Bacteria use a hopping motion to move through tight spaces in the human intestine, improving medical and environmental technologies. Researchers at Princeton University developed a new model with improved accuracy, leveraging complex geometry simulations.
A study found that transplanting gut bacteria from vulnerable rats to non-stressed rats altered depressive-type behaviors, while also causing brain inflammation. The researchers believe this may lead to probiotic treatments for human psychiatric disorders like depression.
Researchers mapped eight tree species in Forest Park using satellite imaging data and machine learning techniques. The data will help inform best practices for managing healthy green spaces and trimming programs to avoid power outages following storms. By analyzing tree health and species, experts can track growth rates and identify tr...
A new study from North Carolina State University reveals that teaching children about climate change boosts their parents' levels of concern, including among conservative and male parents. This finding suggests a promising pathway to overcoming societal barriers to climate action through intergenerational learning.
A new study suggests that overly extroverted leaders can come across as pushy or annoying, while a moderate amount of assertiveness and warmth may be more effective. However, prosocial motivation can help highly extroverted leaders receive better marks from their peers.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a novel desalination approach called temperature swing solvent extraction (TSSE) for treating high-salinity brines. TSSE can efficiently remove salt and recover water, with the potential to transform the water industry by reducing energy consumption and costs.
Researchers determined that atrial fibrillation is independently associated with age-related and dementia changes. Longitudinal analysis showed increases in subclinical cerebral infarctions, sulcal size, ventricular size, and white matter hyperintensity volume in people with Afib.
A new imaging technique using subharmonic contrast-enhanced ultrasound may help detect prostate cancer in patients where MRI is negative. The study, to be presented at the ARRS Annual Meeting, found that the technique detected PCa in 9 of 31 patients with a prior negative MRI or biopsy.
Researchers have identified a gene mutation in prostate cancer that is linked to poor survival and increased relapse rates. The study found that men with this mutation are more than three times as likely to die and nearly seven times as likely to relapse on standard treatments.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center found that increasing beta cell growth before signs of type 1 diabetes can halt the disease. In animal models, continuous generation of new insulin-producing beta-cells protected against autoimmune reactions.
Researchers found a significant increase in tourism on Block Island after construction of the offshore wind farm, with occupancy rates rising by 19% and monthly revenue increasing by $3490. The study suggests that curiosity about renewable energy drove the interest, but may not persist long-term.
A Yale-led team discovered that molten iron alloys containing silicon and oxygen form two distinct liquids under conditions similar to those in the Earth's core, mimicking the separation of oil and vinegar in salad dressing. This finding provides new insights into the evolution of Earth's magnetic field.
A new, smaller relative of the mighty Tyrannosaurus rex has been discovered by Virginia Tech paleontologist Sterling Nesbitt. The newly named Suskityrannus hazelae stood 3 feet tall and weighed between 45-90 pounds, with a diet likely consisting of small animals. The fossil dates back 92 million years to the Cretaceous Period.
A meta-analysis of 46 trials found soy protein reduces LDL cholesterol, supporting its inclusion as a heart-healthy food option. Researchers hope their findings inform the FDA's evaluation of soy protein.
Researchers identified 27 new metabolites associated with arterial stiffness in a large study of over 1,200 participants. The study found that certain lifestyle factors, including coffee drinking and Southern foods, were linked to increased levels of these metabolites.
Death rates due to heart failure are increasing among younger adults under 65, with black men under age 65 facing the largest increase in premature death. The study found that an estimated 6 million adults in the US have heart failure, which is the number one reason older adults are admitted to hospital.
Archaeologists found a 1,000-year-old bundle in the Bolivian Andes with traces of ayahuasca fixings, including dimethyltryptamine and harmine. Researchers believe ancient South Americans combined different medicinal plants to produce powerful hallucinations.
Researchers developed an algorithm called Scanorama that merges over 20 diverse human cell datasets into a single, diverse source of data. The algorithm uses a modified computer-vision technique to find matching cells across datasets and preserves unique cell types.
A new study published in JNeurosci finds that mice lacking the gene Shank3 display structural and functional deficits in the prefrontal cortex. These findings establish a role of Shank3 in maintaining prefrontal cortex connectivity, which may increase autism risk when disrupted.
Scientists at the University of Toledo discovered that rice husks can remove microcystin, a toxin released by harmful algal blooms, with up to 95% efficiency. The treatment uses organic rice husks treated with hydrochloric acid and heated to 250 degrees Celsius.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine are investigating new treatments for autoimmune diseases, including scleroderma and lupus. The study aims to develop targeted therapies that minimize immune system impairment and reduce susceptibility to infections.
A recent study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that public fear of nuclear power leads to a 40% decrease in chosen nuclear generation. The team surveyed over 1,200 US respondents and showed some with the names of energy sources and others with risk information to disentangle the root causes of public opinion.
A new approach to assessing species vulnerability considers genetic variation, reducing overestimation of extinction risk. The study found that bats can adapt to changing environments, allowing them to breed with populations in different climates.
A large study found that adults with high fitness levels had a lower risk of developing lung and colorectal cancer, as well as improved survival rates after diagnosis. Fitness testing is common among adults and may provide valuable information about cancer risk and prognosis.
A study found that maternal obesity affects sperm RNA, influencing offspring's behavior and health. Sperm tsRNAs contribute to transgenerational transmission of addiction and obesity traits in mice.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a specific set of brain cells that are particularly susceptible to harm from low oxygen exposure in early development. The discovery has implications for preventing brain injuries in premature babies, who often suffer from poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
A Yale-led study reveals that 1,012 additional amphibian species are at risk of extinction, with many found in South America and Southeast Asia. The study predicts that more than half of these species are 'Endangered' or 'Critically Endangered',
Research reveals men treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with 5-α-reductase inhibitors experienced a two-year delay in prostate cancer diagnosis and were twice as likely to have advanced disease. PSA suppression from these medications led to delays in diagnosis, potentially resulting in worsened clinical outcomes.
Researchers developed a peptide called FRW that binds specifically to endothelial cell junctions in the blood-brain barrier, paving the way for novel diagnostic imaging strategies and therapies. The new technique also reveals differences between the blood-retina and blood-brain barriers.
Researchers found that bats with genotypes adapted to hot-dry climates are likely to retain their range and survive climate change, while those adapted to cold-wet climates will lose most of their range. Accounting for adaptive genetic variation is crucial to accurately predict extinction risk from climate change.
A new device has been demonstrated that can generate a measurable amount of electricity by leveraging the temperature difference between Earth and space. The device, which uses an infrared photodiode pointed towards the sky, produced 64 nanowatts per square meter, a tiny but promising amount of power.
Health expenditure in China is expected to grow from 5.3% of GDP in 2015 to 9.1% in 2035, with inpatient services projected to increase 9.2% annually. Circulatory diseases are expected to account for the largest percentage of health expenditure by disease type.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed an innovative Antenna-on-Display (AoD) technology that embeds antennas within super-resolution displays. This technology eliminates the trade-off between ergonomics, esthetics, and technology in 5G smartphones, enabling the deployment of new concepts for 5G devices.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine have discovered pigment-producing stem cells that can regenerate myelin sheaths in mice, potentially treating neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis. The discovery could offer a less invasive and simpler alternative to embryonic stem cells.
A digital procedural checklist for trauma centers has been developed and implemented, supporting trauma teams without hindering performance. The checklist, which includes over 55 tasks, was designed through years of collaborative research and testing, and its use in real trauma settings showed positive results.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that approximately 5 percent of adults living in households with children use e-cigarettes. This prevalence highlights the need for parental awareness and education to prevent youth exposure to e-cigarette products.
A new study reveals that actin, a protein responsible for cell movement, also drives the ability of cancer cells to grow when under stress. Enlarged actin sheets called lamellipodia sequester tumor suppressor molecules, allowing cancer cells to resist chemotherapy and grow more aggressively.
Researchers at Northwestern University have designed spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) that stimulate powerful anti-cancer immune responses, completely eliminating tumors in 30% of animals and improving overall survival. The study's findings highlight the importance of chemical structure and three-dimensional presentation in vaccine design.
A Massachusetts General Hospital survey found that feeling valued and respected were crucial factors for physician job satisfaction. The study suggests that social capital investments may be more effective than financial incentives in boosting workplace satisfaction.