A six-month pilot study assesses the effectiveness of a telephone-based care program for homebound seniors with dementia, aiming to reduce caregiver burden and prevent hospitalization. The program uses a modified Care Consultation Intervention, which involves assessments and action plans to support unmet needs.
A study by Ruhr-University Bochum found that daily stress levels are positively correlated with Facebook engagement and addiction risk. Users who receive little offline social support are most at risk of developing a pathological dependence on the platform.
A team of scientists has identified two new genes, STRIP2 and ABLIM2, involved in the evolution of the inner ear in mammals. These findings highlight the promise of evolutionary studies to pinpoint novel key functional genes.
Researchers found that hands-on experience with giving can contribute to children's financial literacy and long-term well-being. Teaching kids to give can also promote a sense of generosity and improve relationships.
A recent study published in Cell Reports reveals how a genetic message to produce healthy heart tissue is altered during stress and aging, contributing to sudden cardiac death. The discovery allows for the potential development of targeted therapies to help people at risk of arrhythmias and heart attacks.
The German Research Foundation is extending funding for a research project to improve weather forecasting capabilities. The project aims to understand the limits of predictability and develop better forecast models, potentially increasing accuracy beyond current seven-to-ten-day ranges.
SORLA promotes HER2 receptor recycling and cancer cell proliferation. Removing SORLA from HER2 positive cancer cells inhibits tumor growth and formation.
A study by Children's National Hospital found that only 54.1% of teenagers diagnosed with chlamydia or PID filled their prescribed antimicrobial treatments, highlighting barriers to treatment adherence for this high-risk population.
Researchers found no herbicide-resistant mutants among over 70 million grain amaranth seeds, indicating a very low mutation rate. The study suggests that low-level herbicide application does not contribute to the onset of new mutations conferring resistance.
Researchers observe acoustic spin in airborne sound waves, leading to new physics and applications for emerging topics in fundamental physics and acoustics. The discovery enables the control of particle rotation with torque and holds promise for acoustic communication.
Scientists at the University of Bonn have identified two new dinosaur species in Thailand, both distant relatives of T. rex. The creatures were efficient predators with a more primitive structure than their tyrannosaur cousin.
A human enzyme named FANCM is essential for the survival of cancer cells using an alternative telomere lengthening pathway. ALT tumor cells require FANCM activity to prevent telomere instability and cell death.
A study of over 3,000 children followed from age 9 to 17 found that those with persistent obesity experience increased arterial stiffness, a clear sign of atherosclerosis. The researchers emphasize the importance of normalizing fat mass and improving metabolic health in this age group.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed an artificial cornea using 3D printing technology, replicating the human corneal structure. The cornea is made from decellularized corneal stroma and stem cells, offering transparency similar to the human cornea.
A study reveals that substituting diesel with liquefied natural gas (LNG) in São Paulo can reduce fuel costs by up to 40% and greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2%. LNG is found to be a more environmentally friendly option, with lower emissions of CO2-eq, CH4, and N2O.
Dr. Robert A. Holman's work on developing remote sensing tools and advancing coastal understanding earned him Fellow status from The Oceanography Society. His sustained leadership enabled the nearshore community to collectively advance oceanography and coastal engineering questions.
Researchers aim to determine if stopping anticholinergic medications improves cognition and potentially delays or prevents dementia. The 'Reducing Risk of Dementia through Deprescribing' study will enroll 344 older adults and monitor the impact on cognitive function over 2 years.
African elephant populations are stabilizing in some regions, with poaching rates falling from 10% to 4% between 2011 and 2017. Corruption and poverty drive poaching, suggesting efforts to reduce ivory demand may be more effective than law enforcement alone.
A new study has found that cranberry extract makes bacteria more sensitive to antibiotics, reducing resistance and allowing for lower doses to be effective. This breakthrough could help combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.
Researchers found motorists give more room to cyclists wearing high-visibility vests, but visibility aids alone cannot ensure sustainable safety. Gordon Lovegrove proposes combining visual reinforcement with driver education in safety apparel to curb accidents.
Researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to identify genes expressed by each cell in the aorta, grouping them into separate populations based on gene expression profiles. This allowed for accurate distinction between stem cells and other blood vessel cells, providing key insights into their identity.
A new rat snake species, Elaphe urartica, has been identified in eastern Turkey and its range includes Turkey, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Iraq, Iran, and Russia. The discovery sheds light on the biogeography of the Blotched Rat Snake and fills an important piece of the Eurasian biota evolutionary puzzle.
A study of 326 patients with acute myocardial infarction found that a perceived inability to act and inaccurate symptom appraisal were common factors contributing to delayed care-seeking. These patients often reported feelings of paralysis, fear, or anxiety, which can be addressed through education and awareness campaigns.
Researchers used stem cells to investigate the impact of e-liquids on cardiovascular disease, revealing that cinnamon and menthol flavors are the most toxic. The study found that acute exposure to flavored e-liquids worsens endothelial dysfunction, which often precedes cardiovascular diseases.
A new urology care model developed by Flinders University focuses on supporting bladder cancer patients' partners and family, addressing their daily impacts and needs. Health professionals can capitalize on this by providing clear information, counseling, and support to manage the shock, fear, and treatment of bladder cancer.
Parkinson's disease can spread throughout the brain via tiny channels, where harmful protein aggregates bind and 'hitch a lift' with channel-forming proteins. This process involves specific proteins called connexins, which create small channels between cells.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association found that 28% of men and 26% of women between 35 and 50 years old have osteopenia, a precursor to osteoporosis. This finding suggests that middle-aged adults can benefit from bone health assessments to understand their risk of osteoporosis.
A team of scientists from top universities and Google is investigating cold fusion, a type of benign nuclear reaction that could offer an attractive option for decarbonizing the global energy system. The research collaboration has produced promising new insights into metal-hydrogen interactions and has not yet found evidence of the phe...
Dr. Genin's selection recognizes his creative and comprehensive studies on bio-physical interactions and marine ecosystems. He has been a leading expert on coral reef ecology and oceanography of the Gulf of Aqaba and adjoining Red Sea.
Researchers have discovered the operation of a nanocatalyst at the atomic level, revealing its mechanism in modifying carbon-oxygen bonds. The study demonstrates the potential of developing effective and inexpensive copper-based catalysts for hydrogenation reactions.
Researchers replace carbon atoms with nitrogen to enhance supercapacitor's electrochemical performance, achieving a six-fold increase in capacity and excellent cycling stability. The novel method has promising prospects for creating next-generation power sources.
Researchers found that considering mutual dependencies between species increases the number of threatened species due to climate change. In Mediterranean regions, this effect is particularly high, with up to three times the predicted local extinctions when considering co-extinction.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered how prostate cancer cells develop to mimic bone-forming cells, enabling proliferation in the bone microenvironment. This understanding could lead to more effective use of radium-233 and development of new therapies to treat or prevent prostate cancer spread to bone.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine discovered a previously unrecognized link between inflammation and deep vein thrombosis, finding that blocking a key inflammatory molecule reduced clot formation in mice.
Researchers found that male broad-horned flour beetles selectively bred for shorter loser effects still didn't improve their fighting prowess. The study suggests a disconnect between the duration of the loser effect and actual fighting ability, with animals using past experience to decide whether to engage in behavior.
A national survey found hundreds of young carers struggling to keep up with studies due to unpredictable family responsibilities. Experts call for tailored programs to improve engagement and future outcomes.
The use of chloropicrin as a preplant soil treatment measure has been found to suppress soilborne pathogenic fungi and some nematodes and insects. Additionally, it results in greater crop yield and health, with treated soil having a healthier root system, improved water use, and more efficient fertilizer use.
A Texas A&M University study found that particulate matter in the atmosphere can cause birth defects, fatalities, and damage to organs in adult rats. High levels of fine particulate matter were detected in Asia, Houston, and Los Angeles, posing a significant health risk to millions worldwide.
Researchers studied inhibitory neurons' impact on brain oscillations using computer models. They found that these neurons can delay or facilitate the onset of synchronization, which is crucial for understanding brain diseases like Alzheimer's and epilepsy.
A new study reveals that Asia-Africa-Australia monsoon and arid regions evolved differently over time, influenced by continental drift and the Tibetan Plateau. The research found distinct formation patterns for different monsoons and arid regions in Africa, Asia, and Australia.
Research from Binghamton University finds that exposure to light at night can decrease hatching success in tadpoles and make them more susceptible to additional stressors like road salt pollution and parasites. The study suggests that combining light pollution with other stressors may have negative impacts on amphibian populations.
A synthetic, non-intoxicating analogue of cannabidiol (CBD) has been found to be effective in treating seizures in rats, reducing both frequency and severity with equal efficacy to herbal CBD. This breakthrough offers a safer and more accessible alternative for epilepsy treatment, potentially paving the way for clinical trials.
A study has revealed the structure of FoxM1 protein in its inactive state, which could lead to the development of new cancer treatments by stabilizing the protein. This understanding also provides insight into how transcription factors function and switch between active and inactive states.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that a computer-assisted diagnostic procedure can detect the growth of low-grade brain tumors earlier and at smaller volumes than current clinical methods. This could lead to reduced delays in detecting tumor growth and potentially improve patient outcomes.
A molecule called LL-37 has been found to boost the function of dendritic cells, which are used in cancer therapy. This improvement could lead to more effective treatments by increasing the success rate of dendritic cell-based therapies.
Researchers reconstructed past moisture conditions and vegetation histories to understand how Arctic wetlands have responded to warming temperatures over the last century. The study found that under certain conditions, Arctic wetlands may transition into peatlands, creating new natural carbon storage systems.
Researchers argue that palm oil's environmental impacts are case-specific, with some locations experiencing devastating deforestation while others benefit from sustainable development. The industry also provides income and employment opportunities for millions of people.
The global fishing fleet increased from 1.7 million to 3.7 million vessels between 1950 and 2015, with a significant expansion in Asia. Meanwhile, catch per unit effort (CPUE) decreased globally, except for Oceania, where it increased.
Researchers summarize the latest progress in low-temperature methane conversion using thermocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and photocatalytic systems. The study highlights the importance of coupling multiple driving forces to activate methane and introduces catalyst design viewpoints for future technology development.
Researchers found that microaerobic Fe(II) oxidation coupled to carbon assimilation processes driven by microbes from paddy soil. The study identified the potential microaerophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria in paddy soil and confirmed their ability to couple iron cycling with carbon transformation.
Exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy impairs fetal development, leading to smaller organs and metabolic disorders in adulthood. The study highlights the importance of reducing prenatal air pollution exposure to prevent long-term health consequences.
A new study found that one-third of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer do not see a medical oncologist, and even more do not receive cancer-directed treatment. The data suggest that there are many missed opportunities for important discussions between patients and cancer specialists.
A study examines ocean carbon sinks over two decades, finding they may account for 10-40% of atmospheric CO2 buildup. Current carbon cycle models underestimate sensitivity to climate variability, suggesting inaccurate global carbon budget predictions.
Scientists have created a revolutionary new chemical reactor that can produce pure hydrogen as a product stream. The 'hydrogen memory reactor' avoids costly separation of final products by retaining 'chemical memory' of reacting gas conditions, making the process more efficient and environmentally friendly.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze whole genomes of 1,790 individuals with autism and their unaffected parents and siblings. Noncoding mutations were found to be comparable in number to protein-coding mutations causing gene disablement.
A Princeton University-led team used AI to decode the functional impact of non-coding DNA mutations in people with autism. The researchers analyzed 1,790 family genomes and found thousands of potential genetic contributors. This breakthrough method is applicable to discovering genetic contributions to any disease.
Researchers identified a common gene signature in almost all global Strep A strains through genomic sequencing of thousands of genomes from over 20 countries. This finding has the potential to aid in the development of an effective global vaccine, which could combat the bacterial pathogen responsible for millions of deaths annually.
Researchers tracing the history of apples from wild origins to domestication reveal that ancient megafauna and Silk Road trade routes played key roles. The modern apple is a hybrid of at least four wild populations, with genetic material originating from the Tien Shan Mountains of Kazakhstan.
The NMR structure study provides unprecedented insights into the molecular mechanism of Ixolaris' action on Factor Xa, a key enzyme in blood clotting. The results may lead to the development of specific inhibitors that can prevent thrombosis without interfering with other enzymes.
Low-density areas transmitted plague faster than high-density areas due to reduced contact rates, while temperatures below 20° C slowed transmission, while increased precipitation accelerated it. Climate changes may alter the dynamics of plague transmission.