Researchers from Kyoto University have created a beam-scanning device using photonic crystals, eliminating the need for moving parts. The technology enables high-power, high-beam-quality two-dimensional beam scanning lasers with improved resolution and accuracy.
A recent study published in Science Advances suggests that LMTK3 inhibitors could be an effective treatment for breast cancer and potentially other types of cancer. The researchers successfully demonstrated the anticancer effects of LMTK3 inhibitors in cells and breast cancer models in mice.
Researchers found that 84% of newly-created and recolonized beaver ponds remained occupied for more than a year. However, when a wolf kills the beaver, no pond remains active. This study suggests wolves can alter wetland creation without changing beaver abundance or behavior.
A study published on Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology found successful neural regeneration from brain internal glial cells for stroke repair in rhesus macaque monkeys. This gene therapy approach regenerates new neurons while also protecting injured neurons from secondary damage.
A recent study published in the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions found that fish oil and vitamin D supplements did not increase or decrease the risk of developing atrial fibrillation. The trial involved 25,119 adults aged 50 and older and followed them for five years. No significant differences were found between those ...
The CMIP6 models reproduce spatial distributions of temperature extremes better than CMIP5 models. However, they struggle to capture warm days and cold nights, especially over the Tibetan Plateau. Advanced CMIP6 models show no significant differences from their CMIP5 counterparts for some models.
Researchers have shed light on the atomic resolution structure of the phage DNA tube, a crucial component of phage therapy. The 3D structure reveals a hollow tube with flexible linkers, allowing negatively charged DNA to pass through smoothly. This study marks a significant milestone in integrated structural biology.
A new study found that COVID-19 patients' early antibody evolution differs between survivors and non-survivors, with the former developing strong IgG antibodies and targeting the S2-domain on coronaviruses. This immunity may help patients generate killer antibodies faster and sooner after infection.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found that children are less likely to get infected or have severe symptoms due to lower levels of an enzyme called TMPRSS2. The research suggests that blocking this enzyme could potentially treat or prevent COVID-19 in older people.
A new study by Cornell University confirms that teff grain consumption enhances the intestinal microbiome composition and function, potentially explaining lower iron and zinc deficiency rates in Ethiopia. The study used a unique in vivo approach to test the effects of teff seed extracts on living organisms.
A study using NASA satellite imagery reveals a landslide-generated tsunami threat in Barry Arm, Alaska, which could affect the surrounding area within the next 20 years. The glacier's rapid retreat has caused the terrain to become unstable, leading to a potential 3,000-foot landslide into the fjord below.
Researchers have pinpointed two new potential therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis, a painful inflammatory disease affecting millions worldwide. The study reveals a novel cell population and mechanism driving joint inflammation, offering new avenues for therapy development.
MIT chemists determine the molecular structure of a key coronavirus protein, E, which forms an ion channel that plays a key role in viral replication and inflammation. The study may lead to the development of alternative small molecules that target this channel with high affinity.
Researchers develop Single-residue Terminal Labeling (STELLA) to fluorescently tag microproteins without disrupting their function. The method enables visualization of elusive polypeptides from SARS-CoV2 coronavirus, opening new avenues for studying tiny proteins in living cells.
A study by ISGlobal found that exposure to high levels of air pollution, particularly during pregnancy, is associated with higher blood pressure in childhood. The research team analyzed data from 4,279 children living in six European cities and found a significant link between NO2 levels and diastolic blood pressure.
Researchers at TU Graz's new Christian Doppler Laboratory aim to develop solid-state batteries with reduced interface resistances, enabling safer electric vehicles and high-energy applications. The lab focuses on improving lithium transport properties, surface modifications, and material combinations to overcome current limitations.
Researchers discussed various topics in plasma physics, including the young solar wind, fusion experiments, and alternative approaches to killing bacteria and viruses. The findings highlight potential pathways for controlled nuclear fusion and applications of plasmas in energy production and medicine.
The University of Arizona College of Medicine is developing a lung ultrasound education program for rural emergency medicine providers to better diagnose COVID-19. Lung ultrasound can be particularly useful in rural EDs due to limited access to COVID-19 testing and the disparate impact of COVID-19 on rural populations.
Researchers at Tohoku University successfully demonstrated current-induced switching in a polycrystalline metallic antiferromagnetic heterostructure with high thermal stability. This breakthrough enables potential applications in future electronic device development.
Researchers have created a polymeric nanomicelle that effectively delivers the potent mitotic inhibitor desacetyl vinblastine hydrazide (DAVBNH) to glioblastoma, showing improved survival rates in mice. The developed nanomicelle accurately senses the pH lowering in tumor tissue and releases the contained anticancer drug.
A clinical trial found that inhaled delivery of interferon beta-1a to hospitalised COVID-19 patients in the UK reduced severe disease and death rates. Those receiving SNG001 were more than twice as likely to recover from infection compared to placebo recipients.
A new study reveals that water on Mars is directly transported to the upper atmosphere, where it is converted into atomic hydrogen that escapes to space. The process is more pronounced during dust storms, including the 2018 global dust storm.
Digital contact tracing apps face challenges due to uncertainties about awareness, privacy risks and effectiveness. An adaptive governance framework is proposed as a solution to address these concerns and promote public engagement, technical, legal and ethical oversight.
Researchers found a significant rise in early-stage cancer diagnoses following ACA's Medicaid expansion, while late-stage cancer rates decreased over time. The study suggests that increased access to healthcare led to better cancer screening and treatment outcomes.
A team of scientists at the University of California, Santa Cruz, has developed a cost-effective new aquaculture feed that eliminates conventional fish meal and fish oil ingredients. The new feed provides better fish weight gain, higher nutritional value, and improved human health outcomes.
A new animal model of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been developed in rhesus macaques, exhibiting clinical and pathological manifestations similar to those observed in humans. The study revealed long-term viral shedding and inflammation-promoting responses, highlighting the need for treatments targeting T cell responses and cytokine changes.
The study found that bitcoin and ethereum exhibited strong correlations with traditional financial instruments during the pandemic, indicating their integration into the market. Cryptocurrencies behaved like reliable financial instruments, losing their safe-haven status but remaining stable.
A computer model developed by a RUDN University professor shows that low speeds on bumpy roads can cause significant vehicle body damage. The study found that spot welded joints are particularly prone to failure at lower speeds, affecting the vehicle's crashworthiness and service life.
A new study from the University of Cincinnati found that only 5.3% of women with kidney failure on dialysis in the US use contraceptives, increasing the risk of unplanned pregnancies. The study emphasizes the importance of family planning and counseling for this high-risk population.
Researchers found that early-life air pollution and smoking increase risk of chronic bronchitis and irreversible airflow limitation. Early life events are key to maintaining lung health in adulthood, highlighting the importance of early prevention.
The Karen Toffler Charitable Trust has gifted Boston University School of Medicine a $40,000 grant to support early-stage, future-focused brain science research. The funding will enable young researchers to explore high-impact ideas that could push the future of humanity in a brighter direction.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a way to safeguard individual genetic information while maintaining the advantages of open data exchange. The approach enables scientists to preserve most genetic data for analysis while restricting access to identifiable information.
A new study suggests that ecotourists' motivations may be shifting from environmental and social concerns to the desire for social media-worthy experiences. Researchers found that travelers prioritize taking good photos over sustainability and education, threatening the long-term sustainability of ecotourism destinations.
Researchers developed a stretchable dual-core optical fiber sensor system that can distinguish and measure complex mechanical movement using only a single sensor. The system, called SLIMS, successfully detected various finger movements and presses in real-time when integrated into a stretchable glove.
A study demonstrates that it's possible to de-identify raw data in functional genomics studies to ensure patient privacy, but also shows how this can be breached through simple means like DNA from a discarded coffee cup
Researchers at UHN have discovered a simple method to reverse alcohol intoxication by accelerating the elimination of ethanol from the body through hyperventilation. The device, small enough to be made anywhere in the world, uses a valve system and mask to remove excess carbon dioxide while maintaining normal blood levels.
A recent study found that individualized brain stimulation therapy improves language performance in stroke survivors with aphasia, targeting abnormal activity outside the damaged tissue. The therapy also shows promise for individuals with dementia, highlighting a personalized approach to treating this debilitating disorder.
A new study from Stony Brook University found that the brain's 'taste map' is not composed of clusters of specialized neurons, but rather a network of overlapping and spatially distributed populations. This challenges the long-held theory of taste coding, which proposed a topographic map in the gustatory cortex for specific tastes.
Researchers found that children born by caesarean section have an increased risk of developing asthma if their gut microbiota still carries a caesarean signature at age 1 year. This study proposes restoring the perturbed microbiome to potentially prevent asthma development in high-risk children.
Researchers found a ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades miR-7 and other miRNAs in cells. This discovery sheds light on how cells dispose of genetic molecules regulating protein production.
A study by University of Sussex scientists suggests that neurons in the sensory cortex can decipher meaning and regulate bodily responses. Researchers found that even in sensory parts of the cortex, there were neurons directly linking learned sequences to motor responses, and some responded to rewards or outcomes.
Researchers developed a novel deep learning method that requires less annotated image data to screen for diabetic retinopathy, achieving the same diagnostic performance as human experts. The method enables clinics to automate screenings and reduce referrals to specialized eye care centers.
Scientists at Goethe University have developed a method to produce artificial organelles in living yeast cells, enabling the creation of customized molecules. The new technology uses synthetic vesicles to introduce enzymes and metabolic pathways in isolation from the rest of the cell.
Researchers used a technique called Patch-seq to capture data from over 4,200 mouse neurons, classifying them into 28 different types based on their morphology, electrical properties, and gene expression profiles. This new categorization lays the groundwork for a more complete understanding of the mammalian brain.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze mitochondrial interaction networks and identified specific patterns associated with Parkinson's disease. These patterns were correlated with clinical scores and allowed for accurate diagnosis of PD patients.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a new virtual reality technique to aid in drug design against COVID-19. The innovative tool, called iMD-VR, enables users to 'step inside' a 3D model structure of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease and visualize molecules binding to the enzyme.
Researchers at Swansea University have developed a novel process called photoreforming that uses sunlight to convert hazardous medical waste into clean hydrogen fuel. The process has the potential to save millions of pounds by reducing waste disposal costs and mitigating pollution.
A recent survey of cancer survivors found that many are hesitant to participate in clinical trials due to concerns about COVID-19 safety protocols. The study's authors aim to understand these attitudes and promote patient enrollment in trials.
A study of 444 patients in Sweden found that prescription physical activity improved weight, blood pressure, and quality of life, particularly among those with low initial activity levels. Continuous support and individualized treatment were crucial for maintaining gains over two years.
Women who experience combined intimate partner violence suffer greater damage to their health and are more likely to attempt suicide. The study found that combinations of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse were associated with long-lasting harm to health.
Researchers have developed biodegradable tableware made from hybrid sugarcane and bamboo fibers, which breaks down in 60 days and is cleaner than traditional bioplastics. The new material has improved mechanical strength, grease resistance, and non-toxicity, with a significantly smaller carbon footprint.
Researchers have developed a novel method to synthesize sub-nanoparticles (SNPs) with controlled composition and size, enabling the discovery of unique properties. The team found unusual electronic states and oxygen content in SNPs with an indium-to-tin ratio of 3:4, leading to different optical properties.
Even if human-induced greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to zero, global temperatures may continue to rise for centuries due to self-sustained melting of permafrost. To prevent projected temperature and sea level rises, all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions would need to be reduced to zero between 1960 and 1970.
A comprehensive study from UNC Charlotte shows that the Housing First program successfully housed over 1,000 people in Charlotte, reducing trauma, mental illness, and substance use. The program also had a significant impact on the community, decreasing emergency shelter visits and arrests.
USC researchers warn that COVID-19 could cause developmental difficulties and accelerated aging in the century ahead due to in-utero exposure. The study suggests that prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 may have long-term impacts on childhood development and adult health.
Skoltech researchers have developed a novel method for designing and manufacturing complex-shaped ceramic bone implants with controllable porous structures. The FRep method enables the creation of variable density implants tailored to individual patient needs, enhancing tissue fusion efficiency and overall implant performance.
Researchers from Boston University School of Public Health found that e-cigarette use is associated with a 21% increase in respiratory disease risk and a 43% increase in chronic bronchitis risk. Current e-cigarette users are also at higher risk for emphysema, COPD, and asthma.
Researchers found that female mice exposed to cadmium during pregnancy became obese and developed fatty livers, while male offspring were not affected. The study suggests that cadmium exposure may act as a sex-specific delayed obesogen, disrupting liver function and glucose processing.
Researchers identified cytoplasmic localized histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) as a promising therapeutic target for OA. The study shows that Tubastatin A administration can postpone development of OA and improve cartilage degradation, suggesting it as a potential treatment.
A recent survey by the American Cancer Society found that nearly 1 in 5 cancer patients are less likely to enroll in clinical trials during the pandemic. The top reason cited is fear of COVID-19 exposure. This could lead to reduced enrollment in trials already struggling to find patients.