Researchers use high-intensity X-rays to study a single catalyst nanoparticle's surface changes during chemical reactions. The study reveals how the surface composition affects activity, shedding light on industrial catalytic materials.
A team of researchers has identified a previously unknown condition, 'Zaki Syndrome', affecting children worldwide and discovered a potential treatment using the drug CHIR99021. The drug was able to boost WNT signals and restore development in developing fetuses, potentially preventing birth defects.
A new study from the University of Tartu aims to improve the detection of colorectal cancer by analyzing microbiome composition in sample tubes used for screening. The research found that these tubes can be used as a resource for biomarker discovery, potentially leading to earlier detection of cancer or precancerous states.
The University of Montana researchers found that climate change may shift ecosystems, making it challenging to conserve biodiversity in protected areas. The team used spatial climate analogs to examine the potential changes and recommend considering climate-driven shifts in patterns of biodiversity for effective conservation strategies.
The REDI program offers 40+ talented researchers the opportunity to fast-track their careers through enviable international experience and extensive peer networks. Researchers will have access to top researchers from industry and academia across 12 countries, as well as a once-in-a-lifetime residential year at RMIT in Melbourne.
Researchers are reconstructing life on the ISS over two decades to understand space culture and how astronauts interact with their tools and colleagues. The project uses digital photography, crowdsourcing, and archaeological surveys to document developments and changes within the station's lifestyle and cultural makeup.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that long-term use of insulin-releasing drugs may worsen insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients. This could lead to increased insulin levels and hyperinsulinemia, a precursor to the disease.
A multidisciplinary taskforce developed a Clinical Care Pathway for NAFLD/NASH, outlining practical guidance from screening to patient care management. The pathway aims to provide efficient, safe, and value-based care for patients with NAFLD and NASH, highlighting the importance of early interventions and shared decision-making.
Research provides insights on immune responses of kidney transplant recipients following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that production of IgG antibodies against the virus was delayed in these individuals, but their IgM and IgA responses were similar to those observed in non-transplant individuals.
A new study from the University of Washington found that Republican-led states eased social distancing policies two weeks earlier than Democratic-led states, despite large Black communities being hit hardest by the pandemic. The researchers analyzed five policies and found that public health indicators played a role, but the influence ...
Researchers found that cancer patients on chemotherapy had a lower immune response to the first two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. However, a third dose significantly boosted their immune response, reaching levels similar to those of healthy adults after two doses.
A new study projects that marine heatwaves will wipe out hundreds of thousands of tonnes of fish available for catch in a country's waters by the century's end. Researchers warn that extreme temperatures will exacerbate impacts on fisheries and human communities, leading to significant job losses.
Researchers found a twofold decrease in soil and gully erosion in the southern taiga region of the Vyatka river basin, mainly due to reduced tillage and animal husbandry. Climate change is not believed to be a significant contributor to erosion changes in this area.
A new study from Scripps Research Institute reveals a previously unrecognized way that nature solves the problem of persulfide instability, through the generation of helpful enzymes. The discovery provides researchers with a new method for generating potentially important sulfur-based molecules in the lab.
The American Psychiatric Association journals feature research on the mental health of community college students, diabetes, depression, and schizophrenia treatment. The findings extend and validate previous studies relevant to clinical psychiatry.
Scientists discovered structural and surface chemistry defects in superconducting niobium qubits that may cause loss. The study pinpointed these defects using state-of-the-art characterization capabilities at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials and National Synchrotron Light Source II.
Researchers at University of Toronto have developed a new metamaterial that can channel light to enable more wireless data transmission over a single frequency, potentially doubling the capacity of existing networks. The 'full-duplex' intelligent metasurface has the potential to revolutionize wireless communication.
Experts recommend prioritizing obesity treatment over glucose control in Type 2 diabetes. Dropping 15% of body weight can have a disease-modifying effect, according to UT Southwestern's Ildiko Lingvay.
A new study found that direct-to-consumer skin cancer detection apps fail to detect life-threatening cancers like Merkel cell carcinoma and amelanotic melanoma. The apps' high false positive rate poses a significant risk to personal and societal health.
Scientists from Skoltech and the University of Southampton created an all-optical lattice that houses polaritons, quasiparticles with half-light and half-matter properties. They demonstrated breakthrough results for condensed matter physics and flatband engineering.
A new study published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health found that daily aerobic exercise within 10 days of getting injured reduced the risk of prolonged recovery by 48%. This approach is non-pharmacological, safe and effective, with benefits experienced by both genders equally.
A new OSU study on African buffalo offers insights into the persistence of highly contagious foot-and-mouth disease pathogens. Researchers found that carrier transmission among certain strains can allow them to persist in populations, highlighting the need for public health interventions to limit transmission and endemicity.
A new study suggests that tobacco and alcohol use may lead to an increased risk of using cannabis and other illicit drugs. The research also found a possible gateway effect between tobacco use and subsequent cannabis use, as well as opioid dependence leading to increased alcohol consumption.
A new analysis of COVID-19-diabetes studies confirms that patients with advanced diabetes have a higher risk of death when infected with SARS-CoV-2. The study found associations between characteristics such as age, sex, obesity, and pre-existing conditions, as well as medication use, and increased risk of COVID-19-related death.
A new study found that bigleaf maple trees are declining due to warmer, drier summers in Western Washington. The research team discovered that the trees' growth is sensitive to dry weather conditions, leading to smaller leaves and reduced overall mass.
A new study suggests that combining circular technologies can help achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions in the production of plastics. By using recycling, biomass utilization and carbon capture, it is possible to reduce the lifecycle emissions of plastics, making them a more sustainable option.
The American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery will present research on ear health, head and neck cancer, sleep-disordered breathing, and more at its annual meeting. Twelve 'Best of Orals' and 14 late-breaking scientific oral presentations will be showcased.
A new comprehensive Consensus Report aims to capture best practice for managing type 1 diabetes. The report covers vital areas from a patient perspective, including psychosocial consequences, diagnosis, and treatment options. It also highlights the need for better research on preventing, diagnosing, and treating T1D.
A new study estimates that immigration adds 1.4 to 1.5 years to U.S. life expectancy at birth, with foreign-born life expectancy reaching 81.4 and 85.7 years in 2017. Immigrants are responsible for approximately half of the recent U.S. gains in life expectancy.
Active learning approaches are gaining traction as a way to engage learners and deepen understanding through discussions, interactive technologies, and other strategies. Research shows that these approaches can lead to cognitive benefits, academic success, socioemotional support, better comprehension, and improved memory.
Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 women who dated or were married to incarcerated partners, analyzing the impact of courtesy stigma and women's coping strategies. The study found that despite disapproval from loved ones, women chose to remain in their relationships, highlighting benefits such as deeper communicat...
Dual-eligible cancer patients receive higher-quality end-of-life care at cancer centers with prioritized communication and decision planning. These facilities experience a significant jump in patients choosing hospice and dying outside of hospitals.
Researchers found that early accumulation of tau proteins in the brain, measured by PET scanner, is more effective at predicting memory impairment than other biomarkers. The study suggests that tau PET should be recommended for clinical prognostic assessment of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients.
A new study aims to reduce diabetes-related distress in young adults with T1D using telemedicine-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy. The study will recruit 150 participants aged 18-30 and evaluate its effectiveness in improving blood-sugar control.
Researchers at IOCB Prague have developed a novel antibacterial material called NANO-LPPO that can prevent infection and facilitate treatment of skin wounds. The material combines lipophosphonoxins with a nonwoven nanotextile, which releases active substances in response to bacterial presence.
Researchers have discovered toxic DNA buildup in the eyes of patients with geographic atrophy, a devastating form of age-related macular degeneration. Common HIV drugs or safer alternatives, such as Kamuvudines, may block inflammation and protect against retinal cell death, offering new hope for treatment.
Researchers used radiokrypton dating to study the origin and flow of freshwater and saltwater in the Floridan Aquifer. The study found that some samples contained 40,000-year-old saltwater from just before the last glacial maximum, highlighting the impact of rising sea levels on coastal aquifers.
A study analyzing data from the Association of American Medical Colleges Graduate Questionnaire found that sexual minorities, particularly female, are underrepresented in undergraduate medical training and certain specialties. The researchers concluded that standardized data collection and consideration of diversity in recruitment are ...
A City of Hope clinical trial showed that patients over 65 experiencing significantly fewer treatment-related side effects when a multidisciplinary team analyzed each case and introduced personalized interventions. The completion of advance directives was also higher in the experimental group.
Researchers have developed a new cancer photodrug that can treat deep-seated tumors more effectively and with reduced toxicity. Copper cysteamine photosensitizers allow the production of reactive oxygen species to kill cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy cells.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have developed a new treatment that pairs essential proteins with lysophosphatidylserine to build immune tolerance and prevent antibody development, potentially treating autoimmune disorders and allergies.
Researchers used an evolutionary approach to identify proteins that coevolve with the ACE2 receptor, which may contribute to COVID-19 complications. Disruptions in these interactions could lead to abnormal blood clotting and inflammation responses, causing tissue and organ damage.
Researchers developed a cost-effective protocol for plant sample preparation and visualization, eliminating the need for stains and dyes. The new method harnesses the natural autofluorescence of tissues in plants, allowing for rapid visualization of plant anatomy across diverse taxa.
Researchers at Purdue University have successfully reversed pancreatic cancer progression in a new model called the acinus, which produces digestive enzymes. The study found that reactivating the PTF1a gene in cancerous cells converted them back into normal cells, revealing a potential path to treating pancreatic cancer.
People with diabetes who have survived COVID-19 require closer monitoring due to increased risk of complications and mortality. Routine care, including risk factor assessment and self-management education, is crucial to mitigate these risks.
A satirical opinion article by Iruka Okeke critiques the extractive and exploitive aspects of health research partnerships between high-income and low-income countries. The author highlights twenty problematic practices that maintain and exacerbate inequities in global health biomedical research.
A scoping review highlights both the challenges and resilience of adapting to virtual funerals during COVID-19, including concerns about technology barriers and access, as well as the importance of healthcare professionals' support.
Researchers discuss the recent development of quantum optics based on micro/nano structures, including metasurfaces, which offers rich light field control function to discover new quantum physics. Metasurfaces has great potential in quantum optics, enabling the exploration of quantum technologies with strong stability and high efficiency.
A team of researchers identified a key mechanism responsible for lower organic solar cell efficiencies and demonstrated a way to overcome this hurdle. By manipulating molecules inside the solar cell, they prevented a process called recombination that leads to lost current, potentially achieving efficiencies comparable to silicon-based ...
A national study led by McMaster University researchers found that patients using take-home technology following non-elective surgery had significantly greater detection and correction of drug errors, and reduction in patients' pain. The study also showed a reduction in acute-hospital care as the result of virtual care and remote autom...
A global study of thousands of plant species reveals that fine-root traits are fundamentally decoupled from aboveground traits, suggesting that plants employ different strategies to acquire nutrients and water. This discovery challenges the 'plant economics spectrum hypothesis' and highlights the need for further research into the rela...
Pediatric transplant recipients have a more robust immune response to COVID-19 vaccines, achieving higher antibody levels after two doses compared to adult counterparts. This study suggests that the standard two-dose regimen may be safe and effective in pediatric transplant recipients.
Salt stress alters legume responses to symbiotic rhizobacteria by modulating gene expression. Several genes with well-characterized functions in nodulation are highly induced under salt stress, making the plant hypersensitive to bacterial signals.
Scientists have successfully created a record conversion efficiency of 6% for THz generation in organic crystals pumped with mid-IR pulses, enabling direct manipulation of quantum dots. The generated terahertz field drives electro-absorption modulation in CdSe/CdS quantum dots, resulting in a significant change in transmission.
A new study finds that the 2019-20 Black Summer bushfires increased the number of threatened Australian native bee species by nearly five times. The research assesses the long-term environmental damage from the natural disaster and highlights the need for urgent conservation action.
The MAP Virtual Congress 2021 focuses on integrating tumour sample analysis into daily practice, enabling personalized treatment. Key findings include actionable mutations in patient DNA and the role of the tumour microenvironment in metastasis.
The Army has pledged $5.2 million to Rice University's research on flash Joule heating, a process that turns waste into graphene and other valuable materials. The technology can recover precious metals from electronic waste and toxic metals from contaminated soil.
A new analysis suggests that most never-smokers' lung tumors have actionable mutations, making them treatable with existing FDA-approved drugs. The study found that 78-92% of lung cancers in patients who have never smoked can be targeted with precision drugs.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered seahorses can move their head up to catch prey at incredible speeds, facilitated by a powerful flow of water and spring-like mechanism. This study sheds light on the ecology of seahorses, revealing that longer noses enable stronger suction currents for catching smaller prey.
A small sachet of a fortified food-based supplement added to young children’s daily diets has shown remarkable results in preventing child mortality and malnutrition while promoting healthy development. The intervention resulted in lower prevalence of stunted growth, anemia, and adverse language and motor development outcomes.