Researchers found increased retinoic acid levels in the prefrontal cortex during mid-pregnancy, leading to the development of unique brain properties. The study suggests a link between RA, CBLN2 gene expression and human-specific cognitive abilities.
Researchers discovered zebrafish neurons that monitor prediction errors to efficiently avoid danger, creating a 'hazard map' in the brain. This study sheds light on brain circuits shared across vertebrates, including humans.
Researchers found a perovskite oxide that exhibits exotic behavior among Dirac electrons when strained, leading to unexpected correlations and entanglement. The discovery sets the stage for advanced electronics and potential breakthroughs in quantum computing.
A massive review of nearly 300 studies found strong associations between greenspaces near homes and schools and improved physical activity and mental health outcomes in kids. Exposure to nature, particularly for disadvantaged populations, offers greater health benefits by counteracting poverty's toxic effects.
A team of researchers from Lund University critiques the circular economy, highlighting inconsistencies and hidden assumptions in its supposed benefits. They propose a more modest approach to circularity, focusing on concrete problems rather than presenting it as a panacea.
The Buck Institute has been awarded a $14.3 million grant from the NIH to study cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, as a driver of Alzheimer's disease and other age-related dementias. Researchers will investigate new mechanisms that can be developed into interventions to treat patients.
Researchers found that vitamin B12 supplementation improved movement in worms with Alzheimer's-like symptoms, suggesting a potential link between diet and disease progression. The team also discovered that vitamin B12 relies on an enzyme called methionine synthase to work, and its effects are limited to those with dietary deficiencies.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that stringent lineage tracing is essential for studies of nerve cell regeneration. The study identifies reliable lineage tracing tests and strongly recommends their use in all laboratories doing nerve cell regeneration research.
Researchers at OSU have developed a straightforward approach to assessing ecosystem health, which can be applied globally.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have developed a novel therapy called MS67 that effectively fights acute myeloid leukemia with mixed lineage leukemia rearrangement. The therapy degrades the WDR5 protein, which drives the proliferation of this type of leukemia and other cancers such as pancreatic cancer.
The article presents a new plate-based image cytometry method to measure endothelial barrier function, which can be adapted for high-throughput and high-content screening. This approach shows promise in addressing the need for efficient pharmacological therapies for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Ablative radioembolization has been found to have a high response rate and promising survival in patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The study also showed that the treatment is well-tolerated, with median overall survival not reached at 30 months.
A genetic analysis reveals that a rare type of blood cancer affecting immune T cells may be caused by exposure to smoking and aging-related mutations in blood precursor cells. The study found a potential link between the development of these tumours and second-hand smoke, suggesting cessation may prevent their occurrence.
Stephanie Grainger, Ph.D., awarded $2.375M grant to explore Wnt molecular pathway's role in healthy development and disease, including cancer, osteoporosis, and heart conditions.
Jochen Zimmer, a UVA professor, has been awarded $9 million by the HHMI to pursue his research on biopolymer transport across biological membranes. His work aims to develop new biomaterials for medicines, food, and energy, potentially combating diseases, hunger, and climate change.
Researchers have found conclusive evidence that a massive cosmic airburst destroyed the biblical city of Tall el-Hammam in the Jordan Valley around 3600 years ago. The impact, which is believed to be equivalent to a 12-megaton explosion, was characterized by temperatures exceeding 2,000°C and the formation of melted metals and glass.
The UTSA Brain Health Consortium will study genetic brain disorders using transgenic marmosets, which could impact treating or eliminating neurological diseases such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease. The team aims to develop novel methods for producing sperm with genetic changes that can be used to study human brain disease.
A new study from the University of Illinois explores methods to reduce sodium in bread, including salt reduction, physical modification, sodium replacements, and flavor enhancers. The researchers recommend a combination of these methods for optimal results.
The ACE2 protein plays a key role in the damage done to insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, increasing the risk of complications from SARS-CoV-2 infections. Inflammation can lead to increased expression of ACE2, making these cells more susceptible to viral infection.
Researchers developed a model using data from over 1.1 million volunteers to identify the 7 most informative symptoms for COVID-19 test allocation. The model predicted PCR positivity with high accuracy, resulting in potential 30% to 40% increase in eligible individuals and 70% to 75% detection of positive cases.
Researchers discovered a combination of two drugs can reduce inflammation following chemotherapy, preventing metastasis in pancreatic and liver cancer. The treatment targets the sEH and EP4 pathways, modulating inflammation to resolve cytokine storms.
A new study at Ohio State University's Comprehensive Cancer Center is using rapid autopsies to gather biological samples after death to better understand how cancer cells overcome different treatments. This approach has already led to novel findings about drug resistance mechanisms, including the recent approval of a targeted therapy f...
The study analyzed mobile phone data from 1.2 million Austrians, revealing that women make significantly longer phone calls and adhere more closely to governmental measures than men. In contrast, men are less likely to have their mobility restricted and return to normal more quickly than women.
McGill University scientists created a new glass and acrylic composite material mimicking nacre for exceptional strength and durability. The material is three times stronger and five times more fracture-resistant than regular glass, with potential applications in phone screens and other industries.
A new study found that maintaining healthy lifestyle habits and having a healthy body weight can significantly lower the lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged adults. The research included over 5,993 participants and analyzed the relationship between cardiovascular health and genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
A new low-dose whey protein microgel shot taken 15 minutes before meals reduces post-meal blood sugar spikes and improves insulin response in people with type 2 diabetes. Glucose levels were reduced by 22% and insulin responses were higher in the whey protein group.
A study found that individuals in occupations with high routine intensity are at risk of becoming unemployed, experiencing higher disability rates, and facing increased mortality. The research highlights the need for governments to assess opportunities for retraining and provide economic support to affected workers.
Researchers identified three new Alicyclobacillus species that can cause spoilage in apple juice. The discovery will allow manufacturers to identify and fine-tune control strategies to reduce waste and improve customer satisfaction.
A study published in Communications Biology reveals that chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes impairs working memory performance by altering the connection between key brain regions. Researchers found that areas critical for forming and retrieving memories were over-connected, leading to errors in remembering correct information.
A multidisciplinary team developed a method for identifying 3-dimensional features of scar tissue after myocardial infarction, enhancing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging's prognostic potential. The new method reveals significant correlation between low scar transmurality and ventricular tachycardia episodes, improving clinical practice.
A global study found that air pollution contributed to almost 6 million premature births and 3 million underweight babies worldwide. Indoor air pollution, mainly from cook stoves, accounted for two-thirds of the measured effects.
Recent INFORMS journal research highlights the use of predictive modeling to forecast wildfire risks and optimize firefighting equipment placement. Additionally, studies investigate strategies to reduce cardiac stenting overuse and improve electric mobility service costs through optimized fleet rebalancing.
Glyscend Therapeutics has initiated a phase 1 clinical trial in Australia investigating an oral polymer therapy that improves glucose homeostasis with weight loss in nonclinical models. The therapy targets mechanisms underlying bariatric surgery and aims to replicate its benefits without the need for surgery.
A new study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders found that older women are more likely to report depressive symptoms than men. The study, which tracked data from over 50,000 people between the ages of 45 and 85, suggests that late life is associated with increased depression rates, particularly among females.
Researchers evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of DARA conjugated to DM1 via a non-cleavable linker, demonstrating enhanced therapeutic potency and in vivo stability. The study showed that conjugation did not affect the stability or activity of the biologic, and imaging techniques can be applied to other immunotherapies.
A new study of 1328 South Australian high school students aged 13 and 14 found a relatively low proportion admitted to 'sexting' via various electronic mediums. The researchers suggest building a health safety education framework for adolescents to provide skills to navigate pornography as part of sexual education.
The study aims to improve understanding of decarbonization's impact on human health, focusing on the US energy, food, and health nexus. It will develop a framework integrating these sectors to identify strategies yielding overall health benefits.
Scientists successfully differentiate embryonic stem cells into cartilage cells and create three-dimensional pieces of cartilage tissue without any synthetic or natural supporting materials. The generated cartilage tissue is structurally and mechanically comparable to normal human cartilage.
The new guidelines aim to improve scientific reproducibility, accurate comparisons, and avoid misinterpretations in interventional oncology studies. The panel recommended analyzing parameters such as overall survival, disease-free survival, and short-term complications per patient and procedure.
Researchers from the University of Hong Kong have discovered a genuine topological Mott insulator in twisted bilayer graphene models. The system's unique properties lead to exotic behavior, including insulating and superconducting phases.
The living retina achieves sensitivity and efficiency that human engineers can only dream about, with optimized mosaics of different sensitivities parsing 40 visual features. The retinas adapt to current conditions and conserve energy by tuning out noise, making them orders of magnitude less power-hungry than smartphone sensors.
Researchers developed nanoscale insecticidal hair coating for prolonged anti-lice protection, reducing re-treatments and side effects. The coating, formed using halloysite nanotubes, retains its protective properties after washing the animal's hair.
A special issue of PLOS Medicine explores the social determinants of child and adolescent health, including poverty, pollution, and violence. The studies focus on the intersection of child health and challenging environments, highlighting urgent redirective strategies to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
A team of Texas Engineers has developed a hybrid sensing approach that allows the device to possess properties of both piezo-capacitive and piezo-resistive sensors. This breakthrough enables soft pressure sensors to withstand pressure without significant decay in sensitivity, opening up new possibilities for wearable devices.
Researchers at Texas A t&M University have developed a method to create defect-free metal parts using laser powder bed fusion 3D printing. By combining machine learning and single-track experiments, they identified favorable alloy chemistries and process parameters to print parts with uniform properties at the microscale.
A recent study from the University of Georgia found that college students who misuse stimulant drugs are also likely to engage in heavy drinking and marijuana use. The research suggests a strong behavioral link among polysubstance users, highlighting the need for universities to be aware of the additive health effects of these behaviors.
A new study found that para-athletes have lower nutritional knowledge compared to university student athletes, with 40% needing help with meal procurement and cooking. This highlights the need for targeted nutrition support and education for para-athletes.
A new study quantifies landscape changes on barrier islands, revealing that storms can create habitat for coastal species. The research found varying impacts from two hurricanes, Irene and Sandy, which reshaped Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge.
A recent Cleveland Clinic study found that patients who use steroid nasal sprays are less likely to develop severe COVID-19-related disease, including lower risk of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. The study showed a 20-25% reduction in these outcomes for patients using intranasal corticosteroids.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that a low-carb diet with high saturated fat levels produced better cardiovascular and metabolic profiles than a low-fat diet. The low-carb diet improved blood lipid profiles, increased adiponectin, and reduced lipoprotein(a), a risk factor for heart disease.
The University of Texas at Arlington has been awarded a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant to explore the development of novel materials. UTA is one of just 10 institutions nationwide to receive this funding, highlighting its commitment to cutting-edge research.
Researchers developed a wearable, biocompatible, and low-cost biosensor that measures electromyography signals in muscles. The sensor uses a gold-silver nanocomposite printed onto fabric, providing a comfortable and effective way to track muscle activity.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
Researchers identified five specific mutations prevalent in Delta Plus infections compared to Delta, highlighting the need for expanded antiviral tools. The findings provide clues on how the virus mutates and evade antibodies produced from previous COVID-19 infections or vaccinations.
Researchers in Berlin examined the impact of pandemic restrictions on student health-related quality of life and found associations between lockdown measures and increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The study assessed over 1,000 students, teachers and household members during a 2021 lockdown.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people tend to perceive angry responses as a sign of guilt, even when they're not. The researchers, led by Katherine DeCelles, discovered that calm denials and silence are more indicative of innocence than an angry response.
Researchers analyzed over 120 million English-language tweets to find a decrease in negative posts about COVID-19, particularly in countries with high vaccination rates. The study suggests that increased vaccination may have contributed to the drop in negativity, but further analysis is needed to fully understand this phenomenon.
A survey study of adults in a large U.S. city found that public health messaging improved COVID-19 preventive behaviors over time, but lagged among Hispanic participants who were at higher risk for infection and less likely to receive stimulus checks. Black adults also showed disparities in preventive behaviors.
Research from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing indicates that disparities in readmissions between Black and White stroke patients may be linked to the level of nurse staffing in hospitals. Hospitals with better nurse staffing have been shown to reduce racial disparities in stroke readmissions.
Researchers have found that synthetic bile acid Nor-UDCA directly affects the immune system and reduces inflammation in chronic-inflammatory liver disease. The therapy also guides misdirected CD8-T cells back onto their correct path, allowing them to resume their normal function.