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Science News Archive 2021 - Page 131


Page 131 of 510

Infants exposed to domestic violence have poorer cognitive development

A recent study by University of Missouri-Columbia professor Linda Bullock found that infants of mothers with only one abusive partner had worse cognitive outcomes compared to those with multiple male partners, including some who were abusive. This suggests that the absence of support from a father figure can hinder a child's development.

SourceUniversity of Missouri-Columbia·JournalMaternal and Child Health Journal·TypeObservational study·DateSep 17, 2021

More sleep boosts teens’ ability to cope with pandemic

A new study from McGill University reveals that delaying school start times can help reduce stress and improve coping skills in teenagers during times of crisis. The research found that allowing teens to follow their natural sleep-wake cycle led to improved mental health outcomes.

SourceMcGill University·JournalChild and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health·TypeObservational study·DateSep 17, 2021

Gut bacteria might be an indicator of colon cancer risk

A recent study published in Cell Host & Microbe found that certain gut bacteria are associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. Researchers discovered a correlation between the presence of non-enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis and inflammation in small polyps. The study suggests that normally healthy gut bacteria may adapt to...

SourceUniversity of Washington School of Medicine/UW Medicine·JournalCell Host & Microbe·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 17, 2021
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

First-of-its-kind study: Use of computer-assisted colonoscopies reduces rate of missed lesions

A new study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that computer-aided detection can improve colonoscopy quality by reducing the miss rate, with a relative reduction of nearly a third when used in conjunction with standard-of-care colonoscopy. The study suggests that artificial intelligence may be an important tool...

SourceBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center·JournalClinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology·DateSep 17, 2021

When organoids meet coronaviruses

Researchers have established an organoid biobank to search for genes essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication and spread. The study identified TMPRSS2 as a potential therapeutic target for the coronavirus, with specific inhibitors recently developed.

SourceHubrecht Institute·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 17, 2021

Fiber tracking method delivers important new insights into turbulence

A new experimental method tracks the motion of fibers instead of particles to reveal previously hidden information about turbulent flows. The researchers developed an innovative solution using rigid fibers, which allowed them to measure the speed and direction of flow at two points a fixed distance apart.

SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalPhysical Review X·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 17, 2021

How we age, as told by spit

Researchers identified 99 saliva metabolites related to energy synthesis, digestion, growth, and cell health, with 21 metabolites differing between young and elderly individuals. Age-linked salivary metabolites reflect biological aging, including a 1.96-fold increase in ATP production in the elderly.

SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalScientific Reports·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 17, 2021

Deep-sea biodiversity off New Zealand higher than assumed

Researchers have discovered six new species of glass sponges and two previously unknown species in the waters off New Zealand, revealing a more diverse ecosystem than previously thought. The findings provide important data for protecting these unique habitats from deep-sea mining and fishing.

SourceLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München·JournalZooKeys·DateSep 17, 2021
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

White Americans pay less attention to Black peers, says a new study

A study of over 2,500 participants found that white Americans are more likely to dismiss information from Black peers and rate them as less skilled. However, when given the chance to work alongside Black peers, the bias disappeared, highlighting the importance of direct interaction in overcoming racial disparities.

SourceColumbia University·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 17, 2021

New engine design could muffle roar of fighter jets

A new nozzle design for F-18 fighter planes has shown promise in reducing jet noise in lab tests, with potential benefits for both commercial and military aviation. The design features triangular fins that significantly reduce noise levels, making it a significant improvement over current technology.

SourceUniversity of Cincinnati·DateSep 17, 2021

Study finds surprising early COPD risks for US Hispanics/Latinos

A new study found a 7.6% prevalence of COPD in US Hispanics/Latinos under 50, with asthma being the most important early COPD risk factor. Chronic sinusitis and smoking status also increase the risk of developing COPD before age 50.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAnnals of the American Thoracic Society·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 17, 2021
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

NIH funds effort to customize treatment of movement impairments

A Rice University professor has received a $2.4 million grant from the NIH to develop open-source software for designing personalized treatments for movement impairments using computational modeling and simulation. The software will create customized computer models of individual patients, optimizing treatment solutions.

SourceRice University·DateSep 17, 2021

Researchers measure the bond strength of thin coatings

A research group employed ultra-small testing technologies to measure the interfacial bonding strength of coated materials. The study successfully measured the shear strength of a tungsten coating on ferritic steel, contributing to the safe application of multi-material technology in industrial components.

SourceTohoku University·JournalMaterials Science and Engineering·DateSep 17, 2021
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Study identifies key risk factors for early COPD among US Hispanic/Latinos

A new study from Brigham and Women's Hospital identifies asthma, history of smoking, and chronic sinusitis as key risk factors for early COPD among US Hispanics/Latinos. The prevalence of early COPD was found to be 7.6 percent in this population, suggesting younger individuals are also susceptible to the disease.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalAnnals of the American Thoracic Society·DateSep 17, 2021

Yeast and bacteria together biosynthesize plant hormones for weed control

Scientists have developed a method to produce strigolactones, a group of plant hormones that prevent excessive budding and branching. By combining yeast and bacteria, researchers can synthesize these hormones from microbes, providing a promising alternative to traditional methods.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 17, 2021

Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-to-infection risk during pandemic

A study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 vaccination distribution in Massachusetts, finding lower vaccine coverage and infection risk in communities with increased socioeconomic vulnerability. The analysis also revealed larger proportions of Black and Latinx individuals in these areas, highlighting disparities in COVID-19 vaccination access.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Health Forum·DateSep 17, 2021

Biologists identify new targets for cancer vaccines

MIT researchers have found that vaccinating against certain cancer proteins can boost the overall T cell response and help to shrink tumors in mice. The study identifies specific neoantigens that, when targeted with a vaccine, can reawaken dormant T cell populations and lead to tumor regression.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalCell·DateSep 16, 2021
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

How scents take on meaning

A study published by Ruhr-University Bochum's Department of Neurophysiology found that the olfactory system works closely with the brain's reward and aversion systems to form and retrieve memories. Non-olfactory brain regions, such as the limbic cortex, play a crucial role in categorizing scents as pleasant or unpleasant.

SourceRuhr-University Bochum·JournalCerebral Cortex·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 16, 2021

HSE researchers assess the effectiveness of short-term online meditation courses

Novice participants in a three-week online meditation course showed improved emotional wellbeing, concentration, and motivation. Effects were strongest among those with high levels of self-control and motivation, highlighting the importance of individual differences in response to mindfulness interventions.

SourceNational Research University Higher School of Economics·DateSep 16, 2021

Anesthesia for knee replacement surgery has considerable carbon footprint

A study published in Anesthesiology found that anesthesia for total knee replacement surgery generates substantial CO2 emissions, with an average of 14.9-18.5 kg for general, spinal, and combined anesthesia approaches respectively, contributing to a carbon footprint of approximately 42 miles driven by a US car.

SourceAmerican Society of Anesthesiologists·JournalAnesthesiology·DateSep 16, 2021

Consuming fruit and vegetables and exercising can make you happier

Research by the University of Kent and University of Reading reveals that a healthy lifestyle can increase happiness. The study found that consuming more fruit and vegetables and exercising can improve life satisfaction, with delayed gratification playing a key role.

SourceUniversity of Kent·JournalJournal of Happiness Studies·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 16, 2021
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Improving leukemia therapy with targeted treatment approaches

Researchers at the University of Basel have discovered a novel combination therapy approach that combines inhibiting JAK2 with targeting the MAPK signaling pathway. This dual targeting strategy has shown promising results in improving leukemia treatment outcomes by reducing blood cell production and altering disease course.

SourceUniversity of Basel·JournalLeukemia·DateSep 16, 2021

Study finds complexity in language is driven by the needs of the speakers

A recent study found that colexification, where multiple meanings share one word, reduces language complexity. The study also suggests that communicative needs drive lexical choices in languages, with some languages preferring separate words for similar concepts depending on climate.

SourceEstonian Research Council·JournalCognitive Science·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 16, 2021

Researchers explore promising new stem cell treatment for MRSA superbug

A study found that treating wounds with mesenchymal stromal cell secretions significantly reduced MRSA viability and stimulated the surrounding skin cells to build a defense. The treatment has potential as an alternative to antibiotics, reducing antibiotic resistance in both veterinary and human medicine.

SourceAlphaMed Press·JournalStem Cells Translational Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 16, 2021
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Mass shootings in US during pandemic

A study analyzing mass shootings in the US found a significant increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that extreme violence may be influenced by social and economic factors. The research revealed consistent patterns, implying that mass shootings are not solely driven by mental health issues or individual motivations.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateSep 16, 2021

Silver nanoparticles boost performance of microbial fuel cells

Researchers found that coating Shewanella bacteria with silver nanoparticles improves electron transfer efficiency, leading to higher current and power densities in microbial fuel cells. The resulting MFCs have a maximum current density of 3.85 milliamperes per square centimeter and a coulombic efficiency of 81%.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateSep 16, 2021
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

How we’re taking the latest superfood mainstream, with science

A new study from Edith Cowan University has identified over 2,500 proteins in lupin seeds using a novel testing regime. The research aims to develop value-added high protein ingredients while complying with food-labelling regulations, transforming lupins from feed to superfood.

SourceEdith Cowan University·JournalFood Chemistry·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 16, 2021

Hydroxyurea may reverse sickle cell-related heart abnormalities

A study published in Blood Advances found that hydroxyurea therapy can improve or even reverse cardiac complications in individuals living with sickle cell anemia. The longer duration of treatment was associated with better cardiac outcomes, suggesting the need for early screening and treatment initiation for this patient population.

SourceAmerican Society of Hematology·JournalBlood Advances·DateSep 16, 2021

Six stages of engagement in ADHD treatment revealed in new, diverse study

Researchers at Boston Medical Center have identified six stages of engagement in ADHD treatment, highlighting the importance of breaking down barriers for racial and ethnic minority families. The study provides a comprehensive framework that can help healthcare systems better match the needs of children with ADHD and their families.

SourceBoston Medical Center·JournalPEDIATRICS·DateSep 16, 2021

Cancer cells’ unexpected genetic tricks for evading the immune system

Researchers discover that tumor suppressor genes can prevent the immune system from spotting and destroying malignant cells in mice. The study reveals a surprising new action for many of these defective genes, which trigger mechanisms that prevent the immune system's T-cells from targeting tumors.

SourceHoward Hughes Medical Institute·JournalScience·DateSep 16, 2021

The first glimpse of hydrodynamic electron flow in 3D materials

A team of researchers from Harvard and MIT observed hydrodynamic electron flow in three-dimensional tungsten ditelluride for the first time using a new imaging technique. The findings provide a promising avenue for exploring non-classical fluid behavior in hydrodynamic electron flow, such as steady-state vortices.

SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalNature Physics·DateSep 16, 2021
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

New technique provides insights into the evolution of the brain

A research team identified H3 acetylation as a crucial factor in human brain development, leading to the unique neocortex structure. This finding could pave the way for new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases by manipulating basal progenitor cell proliferation.

SourceRuhr-University Bochum·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 16, 2021

For one group in child welfare, trauma is especially common

Adults in the child welfare system with substance misuse issues have higher scores on a trauma questionnaire than previously estimated for other adults and the general population. Children in these families also experience more trauma, with trauma scores 27% higher than those in the juvenile justice system.

SourceOhio State University·JournalJournal of Interpersonal Violence·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 16, 2021
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

UNH research finds witnessing abuse of sibling can lead to mental health issues

A national study from the University of New Hampshire found that children who witness abuse of a brother or sister by a parent experience similar levels of trauma as those witnessing violence against another parent. This exposure is linked to mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and anger.

SourceUniversity of New Hampshire·JournalChild Abuse & Neglect·DateSep 16, 2021

Leaf-inspired surface enables different liquids to flow in different directions

Scientists developed a surface that directs different liquids to flow in opposite directions, inspired by the unique liquid transport behavior on Araucaria leaves. This approach could be used in practical applications such as microfluidics and water desalination, with high-flow velocity and self-propulsion exhibited.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateSep 16, 2021

Giant Waikato penguin: school kids discover new species

A team of researchers has discovered a new species of giant penguin, named Kairuku waewaeroa, in the North Island of New Zealand. The fossil, estimated to be between 27.3 and 34.6 million years old, was found by school children on a fossil hunting field trip in 2006.

SourceTaylor & Francis Group·JournalJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology·TypeObservational study·DateSep 16, 2021
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Getting to the root of tooth replantation challenges

A new gene delivery system promotes healing in rat models by preventing inflammation and bone degradation after tooth replantation. The study found that teeth treated with the system showed significantly greater dental root thickness and fewer osteoclasts, leading to improved success rates.

SourceTokyo Medical and Dental University·JournalJournal of Periodontology·DateSep 16, 2021

Act now to benefit economically from peatland restoration

A new study found that restoring peatlands now would provide significant economic benefits to society, including a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and improved wildlife habitat. In Scotland, restoration could generate £191m in annual societal benefits if done by 2027, rather than later.

SourceUniversity of Leeds·JournalGlobal Environmental Change·TypeCase study·DateSep 16, 2021

Study finds long-term injectable medications combined with counseling improves adherence and symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder

Researchers from University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine found that combining long-term injectable medications with psychosocial intervention improves adherence and symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder. The study enrolled 30 people with bipolar disorder who had adherenc...

SourceUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center·JournalThe Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 16, 2021

Quantifying future impacts on coral reefs

Coral reefs will experience substantial declines in productivity and survival due to rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification, with some attributes responding similarly to heat stress with or without acidification

SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalGlobal Change Biology·TypeSystematic review·DateSep 16, 2021

Discovery of rapid-response signaling platform suggests new path for blocking allergic inflammation

A study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has identified a common biological response platform that could help alleviate allergic inflammation. The research suggests that inhibiting this pathway may provide a unique opportunity to counteract type 2 immunity and reduce allergic reactions.

SourceCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center·JournalNature Immunology·DateSep 16, 2021
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Researchers explore promising treatment for MRSA ‘superbug’

A new study from Cornell University has found that the antimicrobial properties of certain stem cell proteins can effectively reduce the viability of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in skin wounds. The treatment also stimulates the surrounding skin cells to build up a defense against the bacterial invader.

SourceCornell University·JournalStem Cells Translational Medicine·DateSep 16, 2021

Study findings could provide blueprint for regulating lab-developed diagnostic tests

Researchers found that validating accuracy of in vitro diagnostic tests carried costs and had higher true limits of detection than reported. The study suggests mechanisms for expanded regulatory oversight by the FDA, including technology certification to assess performance of complex diagnostic tests.

SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalJournal of Molecular Diagnostics·TypeLiterature review·DateSep 16, 2021
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Childhood maltreatment alters the HOA-axis activity in early stages of life

A study published in Psychological Medicine confirms that childhood maltreatment disrupts HPA-axis activity, leading to altered stress regulation and increased risk of mental disorders. The study found a dose-response relationship between the severity of maltreatment experiences and HPA-axis dysfunction.

SourceUniversity of Barcelona·JournalPsychological Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 16, 2021

A novel malaria vaccine vector – target to the liver

Researchers at Kanazawa University have identified a new vaccine platform that targets liver cells to induce anti-malaria immunity. The AAV8 vaccine platform was found to be more effective in eliciting a T cell-mediated response in the liver, providing sterile protection against malaria in a murine model.

SourceKanazawa University·JournalFrontiers in Immunology·DateSep 16, 2021