Scientists at Max Planck Institute show that electron system of ZrTe5 remains three-dimensional even in strong magnetic fields, linking quasi-quantization to quantum-Hall physics. This finding promises a unified explanation for puzzling plateaus in Hall measurements in many three-dimensional materials.
Researchers found that salp fecal pellets release more bioavailable iron than krill pellets, allowing phytoplankton to take up five times more iron. This could lead to increased CO2 fixation and a shift in the Southern Ocean's food web as climate change affects krill dominance.
Researchers have discovered that natural killer cells and interferon gamma play a crucial role in preventing cancer metastases. Targeted therapies, such as immunotherapy and interferon gamma therapy, show promise in maintaining dormant cancer cells in a state of hibernation.
Aalto University researchers discovered that wood-based pulp fibers are well-suited for making acoustic materials. These natural fibers have positive environmental impacts compared to traditional acoustic materials, absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and producing more energy-efficient products.
Purdue University chemists are developing new adhesives inspired by shellfish to replace toxic and permanent options. The goal is to create stronger, more sustainable adhesives for various applications, including medical and household uses.
A study published in the Strategic Management Journal finds that firms in response to increased import penetration tend to rely more on familiar knowledge in developing innovations, rather than exploring new sources of knowledge. This shift is temporarily reversed over time, positively associated with an increased likelihood of survival.
Researchers create synthetic fly species with a genetic barrier to limit gene drive spread, offering a safe and reversible method of controlling populations. The technology has potential applications in disease elimination, crop protection, and pest management.
Scientists have found that exceptionally well-preserved fossils in the Burgess Shale, Canada, could have been moved by mudflows without damage, throwing doubt on the idea that they all lived together. This discovery suggests that early marine animal communities may be more complex and diverse than previously thought.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a machine learning platform that can identify natural product drugs for treating various ailments. The platform, called NRPminer, uses genomic and metabolomics data to detect promising natural products, including four novel compounds with potential antimalarial properties.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed nanocapsules that target specific blood clots, potentially reducing the risk of life-threatening bleeding and increasing the effectiveness of a clot-dissolving drug. The new nanocapsules are designed to attach to activated platelets and release tPA, which dissolves clots.
A team of researchers developed a laboratory system to dissect the pre-cancerous steps that remained undetected until present. They found that mutant cells create a hostile environment for neighboring non-mutant cells and deregulate the normal stem cell niche in mouse intestinal tissue.
A new study found that clinical trials often neglect to report sociodemographic characteristics like income, literacy, and education level, limiting their applicability. The study analyzed 10% of randomized clinical trials published between 2014 and 2020, revealing that only 14.3% reported education level or literacy.
Researchers found that DNA methylation increases stiffness of DNA, affecting its 3D structure and gene activation. This discovery reveals a cryptic mechanism connecting epigenetic footprinting and gene programming.
A recent study by Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University researchers found that floods in most UK areas no longer follow historical patterns due to climate change and human intervention. This challenges traditional flood frequency analysis methods, which may lead to underestimation of flood peaks and catastrophic consequences.
A new study found that over half of transgender adolescents engage in substance use as a coping strategy for GM-related stressors. Internalized transphobia and family functioning were key factors in predicting substance use.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 infects immature red blood cells, leading to reduced oxygen levels and impaired immune response. The study also shows why dexamethasone has been an effective treatment for COVID-19 patients.
Researchers found five strawberry cultivars suitable for growing in hot, dry regions like Texas. These varieties have desirable berry characteristics, including sweetness and flavor intensity. The top performers were Albion, Sweet Charlie, Camarosa, Camino Real, and Chandler.
A Singapore study explores how female students fare in STEM careers, revealing only half of graduates stay in the field. The research aims to stem the 'leaky pipeline' by investigating early exposure to female role models and group work dynamics.
Dr. Jirayut 'New' Latthivongskorn and Dr. Denisse Rojas Marquez are joint recipients of the 2021 Vilcek-Gold Award for Humanism in Healthcare, honoring their leadership in establishing Pre-Health Dreamers and advocating for undocumented immigrants. The award recognizes their commitment to humanistic care and its impact on public health.
The American Heart Association recommends increasing physical activity as the first treatment choice for mild to moderately elevated blood pressure and cholesterol. Regular exercise can lower blood pressure and cholesterol, with benefits extending to other health areas.
Researchers from Osaka University have successfully developed an organic reaction that selectively converts a specific carbon-fluorine bond in perfluorinated compounds to other functional groups. This breakthrough enables the synthesis of high-value fluorine-containing drugs, addressing a significant challenge in pharmaceutical applica...
The study found that continuous glucose monitors reduced emergency department visits and hospitalizations for hypoglycemia, improving blood sugar control in selected insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients. The monitors also showed comparable results to a new diabetes medication in terms of blood sugar control.
Leading scholars propose new frameworks for environmental governance, citing structural problems in current laws and international law-making processes. They advocate for a new environmental charter, reviving the United Nations Trusteeship Council, and strengthening the UN Environment Programme to address pressing global challenges.
Researchers identified a protein that interferes with the immune system's response to cancer, allowing tumours to evade killer T-cells. Lower levels of this protein in tumours have been linked to improved survival rates in patients with specific types of cancer, such as liver, head and neck, and stomach cancers.
A new study led by Washington State University researchers has identified protein kinase A (PKA) as a potential target for improving treatment outcomes after a heart attack. The research suggests that PKA plays a role in heart muscle cell necrosis, a major type of cell death that commonly occurs after reperfusion therapy.
Research identifies novel E6 inhibitors with potential for targeted therapy in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The study reveals the key role of E6 in tumor formation and growth, highlighting its importance as a strategic approach for HPV-positive HNSCC treatment.
Researchers found broadly neutralizing antibodies that target two conserved regions of the H1N1 influenza virus, which also neutralize various other strains. These findings suggest that vaccines targeting these regions could protect against a broader array of flu strains.
A new study by University of Rochester psychologists found that partners play a pivotal role in pregnant women's alcohol use and babies' development. Women who felt supported by their partners reported lower rates of depressive symptoms and were less likely to drink during pregnancy.
A team of researchers has identified key characteristics related to popcorn expansion, enabling more efficient selection and breeding of high-quality popcorn. The study found that kernel outer layer thickness is a critical trait for increased popping expansion.
A nationwide clinical trial found no benefit from antibiotics in preventing hospitalization or death for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The study collected biological samples that will advance the understanding and treatment of the disease.
A new study published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases found that patients taking methotrexate for immune system disorders have a weaker antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines. This means they may not be as protected against the virus, but further research is needed to understand the issue.
A new study published in Trends in Cognitive Science argues that recent research does not challenge free will. The article highlights computational modeling and data analysis challenges to the idea that electrical activity in the brain indicates a lack of free will.
A recent study by the American Chemical Society tested five at-home rapid tests, finding they were relatively easy to use with accurate results compared to lab testing. The cost and access to these tests are concerns, but community programs can help offset costs and build trust in testing.
SMU-X, a university-wide pedagogical experiential learning programme, is being rigorously evaluated to assess its impact on graduates. The study will investigate whether SMU-X effectively cultivates a learning mindset, sharpens workforce skills, and facilitates career-related advancements for SMU graduates.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have built the world's smallest acoustic amplifier, exceeding previous versions by over 10 times. The device uses sound waves to process radio signals, paving the way for smaller and more sophisticated wireless technology.
A team of researchers has identified over 1,100 unique large methane point sources across the Permian Basin using airborne imaging spectrometry. The study found that most sources were highly intermittent, but those that were persistent accounted for a significant portion of total emissions.
Research found that Varroa mite dsRNA is not toxic to monarch butterfly larvae, contrary to expectation based on shared target gene. The study uses dsRNA to control varroa mites in honeybee colonies and found it safe for monarchs.
A study of over 1,500 UK dental professionals found 16.3% had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, highlighting the occupational risk of infection. The study also showed ethnicity was a significant risk factor and that COVID-19 vaccination provided rapid and high antibody responses.
Scientific papers suggesting nicotine has a protective effect against COVID-19 were funded by the tobacco industry. Studies have since found that smoking increases the risk of COVID-19-related death. The BMJ investigation reveals undisclosed financial links between authors and the tobacco industry.
Researchers discovered differences in molecular signaling that promote regeneration in axolotls, while blocking it in adult mice. This finding brings science closer to developing regenerative medicine therapies for humans.
A study conducted in Brazil evaluated the filtration efficacy of 227 commercially available face masks. Professional-use models were found to be most effective at retaining aerosol particles, with fabric masks ranging from 15% to 70% efficiency.
A healthy diet before and during pregnancy may reduce risks of gestational diabetes, high blood pressure disorders, and preterm birth. Women who followed healthier eating patterns had lower risks for these pregnancy complications.
The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed a new formula that applies to a broad range of legged, wheeled, and tracked systems, showing they are as efficient as other ground mobile platforms. The findings have implications for designing future terrestrial robots for defense applications, particularly in challenging terrain.
A team of researchers has developed a method to detect deep fakes in geography, including satellite images and maps. The technique uses Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN) to identify fake images, distinguishing them from real ones with 80% accuracy.
Laser physicists have built the first compact two-stage plasma-based accelerator, accelerating particles to near-light speed within a few millimeters. The hybrid plasma accelerator has shown more than three orders of magnitude higher acceleration fields than conventional accelerators.
The number of specialty behavioral health establishments increased by 34% from 2011 to 2019, with significant growth in outpatient settings. The study found increases in the workforce and average wages across all settings, indicating a potential response to rising overdose deaths.
The Monetary Authority of Singapore launches a $2 billion green investments program to promote environmentally sustainable projects. The Singapore Green Finance Centre, launched by SMU Lee Kong Chian School of Business and Imperial College Business School, aims to build a new ecosystem for sustainable investing in Asia. Researchers wil...
Researchers measured the bite force of juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex fossils, finding they could exert up to 5,641 newtons, between that of adult T. rexes and smaller dinosaurs. This discovery provides insight into how young T. rexes fed and interacted with their environment.
A new study published in Nature reveals that a commonly used psychiatric drug can boost the fitness of healthy gut stem cells, making them more resistant to cancer. A clinical trial is now underway to investigate whether lithium can prevent bowel cancer in individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
Scientists have created a molecular switching circuit made of DNA that can change the shape of soft matter based on pH levels. The DNA switches react differently with their surroundings, allowing for potential applications in soft robotics and logical function networks.
Researchers aim to develop a personalized approach to adaptive radiation therapy (ART) using computerized tomography (CT) technology. The goal is to balance the needs of patients, clinicians, and insurers by adapting treatment strategies in real-time.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have identified a specific gene-regulating protein complex to target in the treatment of synovial sarcoma. The study provides new understanding of how the disease develops and spreads, offering potential breakthroughs in diagnosis and therapy.
Researchers at the University of Münster discovered that platelet-white blood cell interactions resolve lung inflammation by secreting anti-inflammatory substances and eliminating excess neutrophil granulocytes. This finding has implications for developing new therapy concepts to combat acute respiratory failure.
The THOR COST Action has enabled a large collection of papers on hot matter and relativistic heavy-ion collisions, thanks to extensive collaborations between researchers. Through the project, over 300 physicists have improved their methods by exchanging ideas and results.
A global analysis of crime rates found that stay-at-home policies led to a significant drop in police-recorded crime. Most types of crime fell, except for homicide, which saw a modest decline. The largest reductions were seen in cities with strict lockdowns and gang-related violence.
Researchers used OSL dating to directly date stone artefacts from an archaeological site in southern Tibet, revealing an age between 5,200 and 5,500 years. The analysis provides new insights into human occupation of the region and sheds light on the earliest human activities in the Tibetan Plateau.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many ECT centers reduced services, but most were able to react and return to care by mid-summer. The survey found that 70% of sites had patients return to inpatient psychiatric care due to unscheduled ECT cancellations.
Researchers are using new analysis models to better understand mortality factors in dialysis patients. The study aims to identify the effects of co-morbidities such as depression and cardiovascular diseases on patient outcomes.
A study of over 1,000 Americans found that conservatives were more likely to believe false claims about politics that benefited the right, while liberals were more likely to believe true claims that favored the left. This suggests that the political environment and widely shared news plays a role in shaping conservative misperceptions.
A new study reveals that smoking during puberty can have negative consequences for future generations, including lower lung function and increased risk of obesity. Researchers analyzed data from the RHINESSA and RHINE studies, finding a link between pre-pubertal tobacco smoke exposure and health outcomes in offspring.