A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that academic institutions receive significantly lower royalty rates, total payments, and pre-commercial payments for biotechnology licenses compared to commercial firms. The disparities were observed even after accounting for differences in product stage development.
A novel copper-containing polymeric filter can effectively capture carbon dioxide from the air, converting it into sodium bicarbonate that can be released harmlessly into the ocean. The technology has garnered international attention and could be powered by renewable energy in the future.
A new study by Cedars-Sinai investigators found that ChatGPT can provide easy-to-understand information about basic knowledge, lifestyle, and treatments for cirrhosis and liver cancer. The AI system has the potential to play a role in clinical practice and empower patients with knowledge about their disease.
Researchers have developed a new microfluidic chip that enables the visualization of rare cell types and disease patterns in tissue. This method combines imaging and sequencing techniques, providing spatially resolved information about individual cells and their environment.
A study co-led by a University of Michigan researcher provides direct evidence for the consumption of yak milk, as well as horse and ruminant blood proteins. The discovery was made possible by the preservation of ancient DNA in permafrost, revealing intriguing protein sequences.
The study found that heat domes over Western North America contributed 50% of the observed high temperatures in 2021-like heatwaves. The intensities of these extreme heat events are projected to increase by 40-fold by the end of the century, emphasizing the need for climate mitigation and adaptation activities.
Bacteria have been found to produce superoxides under visible light, accelerating the oxidation of manganese ions and contributing to the formation of manganese oxides in the environment. This process is a significant natural source of manganese oxide and has implications for environmental pollution treatment.
A 3-year-old girl was infected with M. marinum after being bitten by an iguana while on holiday in Costa Rica. The toddler developed a ganglion cyst and eventually responded to treatment with rifampin and clarithromycin.
Two new species of poisonous birds have been discovered in New Guinea's rainforest, containing a neurotoxin similar to that found in South American poison dart frogs. Genetic changes in these bird species allow them to tolerate and store the toxin in their feathers, potentially serving as a defensive mechanism.
A new study identifies several cytokine markers associated with poor prognosis in New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) patients. The researchers found that the concentration of these inflammatory proteins was higher in NORSE patients than controls, and their increase was correlated with short-term and long-term neurological ...
A recent study published in Science reveals that domestic horses transformed human life in North America following their reintroduction. The research used archaeological materials, historical sources, and Indigenous knowledge to understand when, why, and how horses were integrated into Native Nations' lifeways.
A pilot study in Eritrea demonstrates the importance of mapping and assessing ecosystems and their services for sustainable policy and decision-making. The research team recommends making information on ecosystem services available to stakeholders and the public to enable responsible decision-making.
A new Rutgers study finds that childhood asthma diagnoses decreased by 52% in the US during the first year of the pandemic compared to previous years. Researchers attribute this decline to fewer colds and the practice of wearing masks, which may have reduced the risk of asthma triggers.
A new study finds that Latinx students experienced higher rates of depression and anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic, with a risk of 1.5 to 2 times more likely than their peers. The study highlights the need for practical and efficacious programs to address the mental health needs of adolescents in school settings.
A team of experts at the University of Manchester has received €2.5million funding to design smarter robots that can understand humans' inner feelings through language. The project aims to develop robots that can engage meaningfully with older generations, helping them in everyday life.
Researchers develop unique method for applying angular momentum holography for information multiplexing, enabling unprecedented capacity for optical information processing. The new paradigm allows for spatially modulating waveforms and offers additional security locks, revolutionizing existing optical encryption schemes.
A UCalgary study found that a healthy gut microbiome can prevent deadly hospital infections in critically ill patients. The research showed that the gut microbiota and immune system work together to fight infection, with abnormal gut bacteria increasing the risk of severe infections.
A randomized controlled trial found that consuming lactation cookies had no significant effect on milk production in breastfeeding mothers. The study suggests that consumers should be cautious when considering products with unsubstantiated health claims.
A team of researchers has developed a new human-in-the-loop system to improve the accuracy and interpretability of deep neural networks. The system uses an interactive one-click method for annotating images, reducing the co-occurrence bias inherent in training datasets.
A new study led by Marshall University researchers has revealed that the Xie model for NKA receptor/signaling is a key player in regulating sodium balance. The study found that NKA signaling tonically inhibits sodium reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule, shedding light on a novel mechanism of body salt handling.
A study found racial and ethnic differences in insurance coverage after job loss during COVID-19. Newly unemployed Black and Hispanic adults saw no increase in Medicaid coverage, unlike their white peers.
A recent study found that hospitals serving more vulnerable childbearing populations tend to have inadequate nurse staffing levels, which can lead to poor maternal health outcomes. The researchers surveyed 3,471 registered nurses from 271 hospitals and discovered inconsistencies in nurse-to-patient ratios with national staffing standards.
A team of scientists developed a new approach to designing metasurfaces with high-accuracy functionalities using a tandem neural network and iterative algorithm. The design enables the creation of ultracompact devices with quantitative capabilities in imaging, detecting, and sensing applications.
Researchers have developed a new type of microscope objective inspired by the eyes of scallops, which can capture images in various immersion media, including liquids. This innovative approach uses a mirror instead of lenses and has been shown to provide excellent image quality in homogeneous fluids as well as in air.
A new paradigm in metasurface design and assembly is proposed, utilizing a knowledge-inherited neural network to inherit physical connections and network correlations among various metamaterials. The method achieves accurate designs for diverse applications, including satellite communication.
Researchers used functional MRI scanners to monitor brains of subjects watching real-life videos, finding that different parts of the brain work together to understand and remember situations. The study suggests the brain creates mental sketches of people that can be transposed from one location to another.
A national survey by Brigham researchers identified high levels of burnout, intent to leave the profession, and work overload among healthcare workers. Burnout was most prevalent among nurses (56%) and other clinical staff (54.1%), with 41% of nurses reporting intent to leave.
A new study by Oxford researchers has found vedolizumab to be effective in inducing remission in patients with chronic pouchitis after surgery for ulcerative colitis. The treatment improved remission rates and quality of life, making it a game-changer for these patients.
Researchers found that metformin + leucine (MET+LEU) treatment prevents myotube atrophy by reversing cellular senescence and improving proteostasis. The study used C2C12 myoblasts, aged mouse single myofibers, and human primary myotubes to demonstrate MET+LEU's skeletal muscle cell-autonomous properties.
Researchers found that exceptional weather conditions over several years are turning European forests brown. Characteristic weather patterns, such as prolonged dry periods and high temperatures, precede these events, with a legacy effect contributing to future low-forest greenness.
A low-cost, high-effective program provides community-based groups to teach women and partners about nutrition, caregiving, and health from pregnancy to age one. The study found significant improvements in brain development, cognitive skills, and language abilities at age two compared to usual healthcare.
Researchers at IISc have developed a novel ultramicro supercapacitor with enhanced electrochemical capacitance, exceeding 3000% increase in capacitance under certain conditions. The device uses Field Effect Transistors as charge collectors and solid gel electrolyte for improved electron mobility.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered crucial steps that promote ciprofloxacin resistance in bacteria, pointing to potential strategies to extend antibiotics' effectiveness. The study found that RNA polymerase plays a major role in regulating DNA repair and identified a key molecule involved in modulating this response.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 4.8 million participants found no significant association between daily low or moderate alcohol intake and all-cause mortality risk. However, increased risk was evident at higher consumption levels, starting at lower levels for women than men.
Researchers aim to assess the effectiveness of spinal cord transcutaneous stimulation and a cognitive training program in improving processing speed abilities and upper extremity function after spinal cord injury. The studies will test innovative approaches to enhance rehabilitation outcomes for individuals with spinal cord injuries.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo developed a kraft paper-based electrochemical sensor that can detect traces of pesticides in fruit and vegetables in real time. The device resembles a glucometer and has been shown to be highly sensitive, fast, and inexpensive.
Researchers discovered a plant biological clock-regulated mechanism that helps plants tolerate cold temperatures and damage from bright light. The mechanism, controlled by the SIG5 gene, signals proteins in chloroplasts to protect against environmental stress, potentially improving crop resilience for colder climates.
A new study by Boston University researchers reveals that visual stimulation can induce large-scale changes in cerebrospinal fluid flow during wakefulness. The findings have implications for treating conditions like Alzheimer's disease, which are associated with declines in fluid flow.
A research team from Pohang University of Science & Technology has engineered an artificial kidney to detect adverse drug reactions and provide personalized treatment. The team successfully fabricated a glomerular microvessel-on-a-chip that recapitulates the kidney's filtering function and evaluates its response to various toxins.
MIT researchers discovered unconventional activation functions that enable optimal neural network performance, leading to better classification on various datasets. The findings suggest that selecting the correct activation function can significantly improve data accuracy in machine learning applications.
Researchers used virtual reality to study how memories are selected for long-term storage, revealing the anterior thalamus as a crucial stopover site. Stimulating this region enhanced memory consolidation, while inhibiting it hindered long-term retention.
Researchers found that after 96 weeks, some patients achieved loss of detectable HBsAg and reduced liver inflammation levels, indicating functional cure. The study suggests that discontinuing long-term antiviral therapy may be more effective than continuing it for certain patients.
Researchers found that applying ice to minor muscle damage in rats enhances muscle repair and reduces inflammation. The study used an animal model of mild injuries and showed that icing attenuates the recruitment of pro-inflammatory macrophages, preventing injury expansion. This contradicts previous findings on the negative effects of ...
Recent studies have reported significant advances in iridium-based catalysts for green hydrogen production. However, addressing high costs and research challenges are crucial to realizing their full potential.
Researchers at the University of Washington developed GlucoScreen, a new system that leverages smartphone capacitive touch sensing to measure blood glucose levels. The system's accuracy is comparable to standard glucometer testing, making it potentially less costly and more accessible for widespread screening.
Scientists have identified specific genetic variants in wheat and barley that enable plants to adapt to nitrogen deficiency by increasing root growth and improving nitrogen content. These findings offer promising opportunities for plant breeding to develop varieties with enhanced nitrogen use efficiency.
Researchers at the University of Kansas propose a data project life cycle to equip students with essential data skills, including spreadsheet wherewithal. The approach emphasizes planning, acquiring, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in simple spreadsheets.
This study of 690 patients with early-stage breast cancer found racial disparities in pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, affecting survival outcomes. Racial disparities varied across different breast cancer subtypes and highlight the importance of understanding tumor biology.
A new study reveals that autistic children have distinct brain activity when viewing complex visual motion patterns as early as 5 months old. This suggests that autistic individuals process visual motion differently from a young age, which may impact their development and learning.
A recent study published in Frontiers found that maternal vaginal microbiome composition does not significantly influence the development of infants' stool microbiome during the first weeks and months of life. Instead, exposure to breast milk and environmental factors are believed to play a more significant role.
A study from the University of California, Davis found that fewer than 10% of patients were screened for food insecurity during the pandemic. Screening increased to 10% after COVID-19 vaccines became available, but remained low at telehealth appointments.
Researchers have developed an AI algorithm that can remove atmospheric blur from astronomical images, resulting in more accurate scientific measurements and clearer data. The tool produces faster and more realistic images than current methods, producing 38.6% less error compared to classic methods.
The article explores knowledge gaps between laboratory and industrial manufacturing of batteries, highlighting the need for a shift in research priorities. Researchers propose new ways to design experiments that account for industry challenges, such as cost efficiency and impurity tolerance. The study aims to bridge the gap between fun...
The March special issue of SLAS Discovery introduces protocol articles highlighting detailed scientific methods and procedures in drug discovery. The issue covers topics such as 3D imaging, cancer treatments, and high-throughput screening, emphasizing transparency and rigor in research methodology.
Researchers at Nagoya University found that localized IDH wild-type histologically diffuse astrocytomas have a poor prognosis similar to the most malignant types of brain and spinal cord tumors. This highlights the importance of proper clinical diagnosis and treatment for patients with gliomas.
Researchers at Drexel University discovered that a thin MXene coating can enhance a material's ability to trap or shed heat. The coating, which is 200-300 times thinner than a human hair, can be used for both localized thermal management and large-scale radiative heating and cooling systems.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism to control turbulent heat transport by manipulating coherent structures in thermal turbulence systems. This mechanism enhances heat transfer efficiency without modifying the flow intensity.
Astronomers have observed an extremely rare and aspherical Fast Blue Optical Transient (FBOT) explosion 180 million light years away. The explosion, similar to a flat disc shape, challenges scientists' current understanding of stellar explosions.
Researchers at Cranfield University are developing a new generation of lithium-sulfur batteries that offer improved performance and reduced weight compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. The technology has the potential to support electrification of short-haul aircraft, light goods vehicles, and passenger vehicles.
Ecologist Jonathan Chase will receive funding to develop new tools and analyses for understanding biodiversity change, closing knowledge gaps in quantifying changes and attributing causes. He aims to improve forecasting of future biodiversity change using large datasets and statistical methods.