The team introduced a novel N-B doped composite electrode for iron-chromium redox flow batteries, demonstrating significant improvements in discharge capacity and energy efficiency. The modified electrodes offered more active sites for redox reactions, enhancing the energy storage process.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have identified a key biological pathway that contributes to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other autoimmune conditions. The discovery provides a potential treatment target for IBD, with existing drugs showing promise in reducing inflammation in macrophages and gut samples from patients.
The University of Tennessee and Cherokee Health Systems will use the grant to develop a training program for practitioners and students, focusing on maternal and child health for Black families. The goal is to improve health care outcomes and create a lasting partnership beyond the three-year grant cycle.
A genetic study found that early summer fishing in the Baltic Sea targets larger salmon, leading to smaller fish and reduced population diversity. The study suggests that intensive fishing in the early season can cause evolutionary changes, affecting the age and size of Atlantic salmon before maturity.
Scientists from the University of East Anglia and other institutions review the climatic effectiveness of four 'nature-based' techniques using marine biological processes. They conclude that these activities cannot provide a significant contribution to carbon dioxide removal, posing risks to meaningful climate mitigation.
Antidepressants, such as SSRIs and SNRIs, work by restoring connections between brain regions, rather than correcting a chemical imbalance. The framework highlights the importance of these medications in alleviating depressive episodes, even if MDD isn't caused by a lack of serotonin.
The discovery of Helicolocellus fills a 160-million-year gap in the sponge fossil record and suggests non-biomineralizing sponges existed in the Precambrian. The study bridges the Ediacaran and Cambrian fossil assemblages, providing insights into animal evolution.
Researchers detected chemical residues from tire wear additives in leafy vegetables grown for human consumption. Concentrations were low but evidence was clear, comparable to drug residues in plant-based foods. Daily intake of these substances varies widely, depending on diet and country of origin.
Researchers at Brown University discovered that the alignment of faults in rock formations plays a crucial role in determining where and when earthquakes occur. The study found that complex geometry beneath the surface contributes to stronger ground motions and more frequent earthquakes.
Researchers discover E3 ligase MdPUB23 plays a crucial role in delaying leaf senescence by regulating the degradation of key protein ABI5. The study's findings have significant implications for improving crop yield and stress resistance, offering potential applications in agricultural practices.
This study explores how Cupressus gigantea has reduced its genetic load despite dwindling population size, suggesting effective purifying selection. The research provides valuable insights for conserving rare conifer species facing similar threats.
Researchers have solved the mystery of shipworms' ability to digest lignin, a tough wood substance. A population of symbiotic microbes in the typhlosole sub-organ produces enzymes that break down lignin, with potential practical applications in biotech and significant impacts on climate change and human health.
A short course of immunotherapy prior to surgery was highly effective in treating colon cancer, with 95% of patients showing significant tumor reduction or complete elimination. The treatment also showed promising results in preventing cancer recurrence and metastasis over a two-year follow-up period.
Researchers discovered that command-like DNs in fruit flies recruit additional networks of neurons to orchestrate complex behaviors. The study shows that these networks work together to produce coordinated actions, transforming the way we understand brain signals and behavior.
The 'Air of the Anthropocene' project uses digital light painting and low-cost sensors to create impactful images of air pollution levels in cities across Ethiopia, India, and the UK. The team aims to make invisible air pollution visible and demonstrate its health risks through accessible visuals.
Researchers have discovered significant interactions between sea surface temperature variations in Western Australia and the western-central tropical Pacific, driven by external forces since 1985. Warm SST anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean drive decadal climate linkages with the two regions.
A team of researchers at Tsinghua University Press has developed a new flexible battery for wearable devices that is safer, cheaper, and more efficient. The battery uses ammonium ions as charge carriers and incorporates hydrogel to achieve self-healing properties.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed oral insulin drops that can be easily absorbed by the body, potentially replacing insulin injections. The drops contain a unique cell-penetrating peptide that helps insulin navigate through cells and reach the bloodstream quickly.
Researchers developed a prodrug delivery method using a commensal Lactobacillus strain that binds specifically to cancer cells, releasing the chemotherapy drug SN-38 directly at the tumour site. This approach reduces tumour growth by 67% and increases chemotherapy drug effectiveness by 54% in preclinical models of nasopharyngeal cancer.
A new system developed by Boyce Thompson Institute makes affordable, mobile and high-throughput phenotyping tools accessible worldwide. This allows researchers to conduct data-driven studies on plant growth and responses over time, accelerating breeding of more resilient crop varieties.
A study found that banning 70,000 false information traffickers on Twitter reduced the number of misinformation posts by users who stayed on the platform. The study also showed that many misinformation traffickers left Twitter after being de-platformed, resulting in a spillover effect that reduced circulation on the platform.
Research shows that GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs are highly effective for weight management and Type 2 diabetes treatment, but they come with complex considerations such as dosages, side effects, and comparisons between specific drugs. Experts caution against overusing these drugs or viewing them as a universal cure-all for obesity.
Researchers uncovered evidence of ancient Mongolian cuisine using protein analysis on Bronze Age cauldrons. The study revealed that nomads collected animal blood for sausage production and fermented yak milk, providing insights into the traditions and diet of Bronze Age nomads.
A team of researchers from Princeton University and the US Department of Energy's PPPL have successfully deployed machine learning methods to suppress harmful edge instabilities in fusion devices. Their approach optimizes the system's suppression response in real-time, maintaining high plasma performance without sacrificing stability.
Researchers have developed a flexible perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell that sets a new record for efficient flexible solar cells. The device achieved a certified stabilized efficiency of 22.8%, while maintaining its performance even after undergoing 3,000 bending cycles.
Scientists at Salk Institute discover a molecular mechanism that helps macrophages mount a coordinated response tailored to a specific immune challenge. The discovery reveals new immune system mechanisms that could be targeted with therapeutics to regulate inflammation.
Research from the University of Illinois has found a link between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. The study reveals how PFAS chemicals interact with pro-inflammatory pathways, providing potential explanations for the increased risk.
Scientists discover Epstein-Barr virus alters gene regulation in nasopharyngeal cancer cells, leading to rapid tumour growth. The study offers new insights into the link between EBV and NPC, shedding light on intricate processes underlying disease progression.
A study of over 24,000 people found that mixed social networks with diverse friends improve social cohesion and personal well-being. People with heterogeneous friend groups reported higher levels of social cohesion within their neighborhoods, closely associated with increased life satisfaction.
Hydropower expansion in Africa can reduce environmental impacts by at least 50% with minimal cost increases. Researchers have developed a computer simulation framework to optimize dam planning, balancing energy needs and ecosystem conservation.
A study by the University of East Anglia found that minimum unit pricing (MUP) in Wales reduced transaction prices and alcohol bought by 20%, with a 15% increase in expenditure per customer. The policy was effective in targeting cheap, high-strength alcohol, with little demand spillover to more expensive products.
Researchers have identified a new type of resistance gene in plants called Ptr, which makes rice immune to certain strains of the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. This finding invalidates previous studies on another gene named Pi-ta and opens up new avenues for understanding natural resistance to disease.
Randomized trials prove endovascular thrombectomy can be lifesaving for adult patients with severe symptoms after BAO, significantly lowering mortality rates compared to medical therapy. The Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery issues updated standards and guidelines recommending expanded access to thrombectomy treatment.
Australian scientists have developed an AI-powered system to detect bushfires from space, reducing detection time by 500 times compared to traditional methods. The system uses hyperspectral imagery and onboard AI to identify fire smoke before it takes hold, allowing for faster responses and preventing loss of life and property.
The program aims to educate journalists about issues in aging and disseminate information on new scientific findings, policy debates, innovations, and evidence-based solutions. The 2024 cohort will include 15 fellows selected from general-audience media and ethnic or minority media outlets.
Researchers found a significant reduction in serine racemase protein levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampal subfields of aged rats compared to young rats, suggesting a role in age-associated decline of NMDA receptor function. No sex differences were observed in serine racemase expression.
A new study found that thousands of world's most threatened species lack sufficient conservation efforts, highlighting a serious mismatch between biodiversity crisis and actions taken. Conservation interventions are insufficient or non-existent for over half of the analysed species.
A new article in Isis reveals how perfume research has stimulated scientific endeavor for over a century. Galina Shyndriayeva demonstrates the connections between fragrance production and industrial development, including Leopold Ružička's discovery of muscone and its impact on polymer synthesis.
A new study found that 48% of foster caregivers administer melatonin to their child, associated with poorer overall sleep quality. Children taking melatonin also experienced increased severity of daytime behavioral problems despite no link to depression or anxiety.
A recent study highlights the significant impact of rheumatic heart disease on adults' lives, with mortality rates being substantially reduced through valve surgery and valvuloplasty. The findings underscore the need to improve access to surgical and interventional care for these patients.
Researchers developed a soft fabric necklace called Joey to monitor Kangaroo Mother Care practices with preterm infants. The device tracks vital signs and estimates KMC duration with an average accuracy of 96%, providing early detection of potentially life-threatening issues.
A University of Eastern Finland study reveals top IT managers have differing views on face-to-face communication in the workplace. While some believe digital communication suffices for tasks, others emphasize its importance for complex projects and community building.
Researchers in Italy have successfully monitored invasive stink bugs using drones and AI, reducing disruption and improving data capture. The system achieved a 97% detection accuracy, enabling precise forecasting models for integrated pest management strategies.
A recent study analyzing 300,000 X posts found that 48 US states have a more positive than negative tone towards nuclear energy, with a national average at 54% positive. Concerns about waste, cost, and safety dominate negative sentiment, while technology themes fuel positive sentiments highlighting innovations and job creation.
The NIH has released its plan for advancing H5N1 influenza basic research, focusing on increasing virus understanding and developing prevention and treatment strategies. The research agenda aims to address the current outbreak in US dairy cows and potential human-to-human transmission of H5N1 viruses.
A new study published in Nature Neuroscience found that training exercises designed to improve cognitive control in children do not lead to any brain changes or improvements in related behavioral measures. The study tested 235 children aged six to 13 and found that while they improved on specific tasks, these gains did not carry over i...
A team of scientists at Monell Chemical Senses Center identified a temporary, universal taste blocker that works in people. The study found that rinsing with AF-353 significantly reduced bitterness in two important medicines for chronic diseases, paving the way for improving medicine compliance in children and the elderly.
A new detection method for high-frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs) has been proposed by HKUST researchers. This approach leverages the physical effect of GWs within magnetic fields and can be detected using existing telescopes, opening up new possibilities for studying the early universe and violent cosmic events.
Research by Stanford Medicine scientists reveals that adaptive myelination in the brain can contribute to drug addiction, with a single dose of morphine triggering maladaptive myelination and reinforcing drug-seeking behavior.
A Virginia Tech researcher is helping implement the Food is Medicine concept across the US. Her studies found that electronic medical record functionality, provider support, and leadership alignment are key factors for successful implementation of these programs. The research team developed an implementation checklist to support health...
Researchers at Eötvös Loránd University sequenced and characterized the paradise fish genome, revealing a compact genetic material ideal for targeted genome editing experiments. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities for studying evolutionary development and complex behaviors.
Scientists developed a new technique to map relationships between genes and regulatory elements, enabling them to determine when enhancers are active and which genes they control. This could lead to the identification of potential drug targets for genetic disorders.
A new study finds that climate change will increase ozone pollution in the US by 2050, with potentially millions more people exposed to dangerously high levels. The study's findings suggest that current emissions reductions efforts may be less effective in meeting air quality standards.
The 2024 Olympic Games may face social justice protests due to the International Olympic Committee's (IOC) rule on neutrality. Human rights activists argue that the IOC's Rule 50 creates a systemic barrier to racial justice, despite team members participating in Racial and Social Justice initiatives.
Experts at NYU Langone Health have warned of a growing public health threat from hard-to-treat fungal skin infections in the US. Two new reports document cases of highly contagious forms of ringworm and jock itch that can take months to clear up with treatment.
Researchers have identified 187 bHLH transcription factors in sea lavender, a recretohalophyte with unique salt glands. These findings highlight the critical role of specific bHLH genes in enhancing salt tolerance, paving the way for future applications in crop improvement and saline soil management.
Researchers have found a pioneering approach to combat age-related vision loss with a new therapy that boosts IRAK-M levels in retinal cells. The discovery offers a comprehensive treatment option for the millions of people affected by AMD.
Researchers have identified the remains of a local prehistoric marine reptile as belonging to a thalattosaur, a large sea-lizard that behaved like an otter. The discovery challenges previous assumptions about its identity and provides new insights into the animal's diet and behavior.
Researchers found no difference in post-operative infection rates between patients treated with and without antibiotics prior to surgery. The study suggests that pre-surgical antibiotic treatment may not be necessary for pediatric elbow fractures.
A study by UCLA researchers found that one in six primary care patients reported cannabis use, with most using it for symptom management despite identifying as recreational users. The study suggests the need for routine cannabis screening in healthcare settings.