Researchers at HHU and MPIPZ created a 3D map of the microbiota structure around plant roots, finding that microbe composition varies along the root and is influenced by root metabolism. The study reveals three sugar transporters that organize microbial colonization along the root axis.
A clinical trial found that breast tomosynthesis reduces interval breast cancer by 49%, making it a valuable tool for early detection. The test also detects smaller tumors and improves prognosis.
Researchers from NUS have developed a method for creating enantioenriched boronic esters using chiral nickel catalysts, offering a new route to complex organic compounds. The approach enables simultaneous control of regioselectivity and enantioselectivity in carboboration reactions.
Researchers found that genetic variants in the Fore population made them resistant to kuru, while a large influx of females migrated into the region due to flexible kinship systems. The study suggests an alternative theory on how Fore communities interacted with neighboring communities despite fears of kuru.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that circulating tumor DNA levels can accurately assess how gastroesophageal cancers respond to treatment and predict future prognosis. The study tracked minimal residual disease by analyzing ctDNA, showing a correlation between ctDNA clearance and cancer-free survival.
A Clemson astrophysicist's research offers the most stringent constraints yet on dark matter's fundamental nature. The study reveals a small hint of a signal that could be confirmed in the next decade if real.
New data show that adding pembrolizumab to chemotherapy before and after surgery for breast cancer leads to better outcomes, with significant increases in pathological complete response rates across all age groups. The study also found similar rates of breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy, as well as lower residual cancer burdens.
A study by Osaka University found that thinking about sustainability from the perspective of imaginary future generations yields new insights into technological innovation and societal trends. Participants in workshops ranked indicators differently after adopting this perspective, perceiving technology's feasibility more accurately.
Researchers identify mitochondrial priming as a key driver of multi-drug resistance in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. A new technique called dynamic BH3 profiling reveals anti-cancer drugs capable of overcoming resistance.
A new approach to species identification has been developed, combining DNA testing with other factors like behavior and geography to confirm discoveries. This method addresses the limitations of DNA testing alone in identifying new species, particularly when forces like natural selection affect genetic code.
A new study uses UAV technology and deep learning to analyze soybean growth, improving yield predictions by extracting key phenotypic parameters. The approach enables high-throughput field experiments and provides insights for breeding higher-yielding soybean varieties.
Researchers have developed a new AI model, AsymMirai, to predict 5-year breast cancer risk from mammograms. The model performs almost as well as the state-of-the-art Mirai, but with an interpretable reasoning process, making it a valuable adjunct to human radiologists.
Four PPPL researchers, Villafana, Israeli, Majeski, and Ochs, featured in the Physics of Plasmas Early Career Collection, highlighting their notable contributions to the field. The collection aims to promote younger scientists' work, balance their smaller networks, and help build momentum for research.
Researchers discovered toxic metal particles in unused cannabis vape liquids, with lead levels 100 times higher than acceptable limits. The contamination was linked to device production, not heating, and highlights the need for regulation and improved testing procedures.
Owner-managers' matching competence is essential in the early years of a firm to theorize about potential value combinations. The study also found that family dynamics can hinder growth by constraining owners' judgment and preventing professionalization, but introducing governance mechanisms can resolve this challenge.
The selected research project aims to develop a lightweight edge AI-based technology for jointly exploiting wireless communications and sensing in smart factories. It will enable high-quality wireless communications even under challenging situations.
A new study uses machine learning to classify fossils of extinct pollen with high accuracy, leveraging morphological features and phylogenetic data. The model successfully placed nearly all specimens within Podocarpus based on their shape and form.
Numerical models help assess ecological impacts of climate change on lakes by simulating changes in phytoplankton composition and community stability. The study found that warming increased seasonal variability in phytoplankton, leading to reduced overall evenness and increased species loss over time.
Climate change is causing rapid warming of Scotland's lochs, with potential costs of £16.5 million annually due to algal blooms and reduced water quality. Implementing efficient land management practices could reduce phosphorus pollution by 20% under a best-case scenario.
A new policy analysis from Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute identifies the intensive care crisis in rural America and proposes comprehensive solutions. The study suggests policies like reducing uninsured populations through ACA Medicaid expansion and increasing healthcare workforce can strengthen rural intensive care capacity.
Studies reveal similar yet distinct structural/functional brain abnormalities between early-onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Early-onset schizophrenia exhibits more severe anatomical abnormalities, while autism spectrum disorder shows a more subtle trend in connectomic properties.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed a sprayable adhesive hydrogel product to address GI wound management limitations. The material promotes rapid wound healing, provides tissue protection, and minimizes complications under harsh conditions.
A recent study suggests that IMF lending policies, especially structural loans, lead to significant increases in greenhouse gas emissions in Global South countries. This effect is most pronounced with second or subsequent loans, which can result in immediate spikes in emissions.
Researchers at Binghamton University found that college students' term 'just talking' refers to building intimacy in a stigmatized environment. The study revealed that romance is more important to emerging adults than expected, and people who engage in 'just talking' often communicate via smartphones and social media.
Scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution find strong correlation between CO2 increases and changes in seasonal sea surface temperature patterns. The study reveals distinct features, including increased warming in summer months and thinner mixed-layer depths, with implications for marine ecosystems.
A new study reveals that the heat index in Texas has increased three times faster than measured temperature due to global warming. This can lead to a rise of 8-11 F in heat stress, especially for vulnerable populations.
The novel approach enables efficient transmission, reception, and decoding of data from thousands of microelectronic chips, mimicking how neurons in the brain communicate. The sensor network can be implanted into the body or integrated into wearable devices, saving energy and bandwidth.
Researchers have developed a new method to visualize the quantum mechanical wave function of excitons in organic semiconductors. This understanding is essential for developing more efficient materials with organic semiconductors. The technique, known as photoemission exciton tomography, provides insights into the behavior of excitons i...
Researchers developed a new open-source system to interface with living neurons, offering enhanced control and precision in measuring neural processes. The system boasts over 500 electrodes, allowing for more data collection and customization, while being 10 times cheaper than commercial systems.
Scientists at the University of Vienna identified a significant error in calculating temperature extremes, leading to an underestimation of heat days. The mistake stems from incorrect application of moving time windows, which can reduce the probability of extreme events.
Researchers found that spontaneous RNA extension occurred at rates comparable to laboratory conditions in lake water with low Mg2+ concentrations. Fatty acids formed membranes in dilute water, which persisted even when surrounded by concentrated lake water.
A ketogenic diet significantly delays early stages of Alzheimer's-related memory loss in mice, according to a new study published in Communications Biology. The molecule beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is found to play a pivotal role in preventing this decline, improving synaptic function and memory formation.
The study designed and investigated Fe-Rh atom catalysts with varying atomic site distances for improved oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) efficiency. The researchers found that a specific Fe-Rh d2@NC catalyst exhibited optimal catalytic performance, outperforming commercial Pt/C catalysts.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that individuals with lower income or education levels are more likely to develop medical conditions related to alcohol abuse. The research suggests that these groups may benefit from additional screening by clinicians to evaluate their alcohol consumption and identify related conditions.
Preliminary research suggests that short-term heat exposure can lead to increased inflammation and impaired immune function, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Adults older than 60 and those with existing cardiovascular disease are particularly at risk.
This study investigates the effects of ocean chlorophyll interannual variability and tropical instability wave-scale perturbations on ENSO. Researchers found that large-scale chlorophyll variations dampen ENSO, while TIW-scale variations amplify it.
A large Chinese cohort study found that remnant cholesterol levels above 27.7 mg/dl are associated with elevated cardiovascular disease mortality and ischemic heart diseases, but lower cancer mortality rates for certain types of cancer like lung, liver, and gastric cancers
The study found that craniofacial injuries related to exercise and weightlifting have increased sharply over the past decade, with higher rates in men and younger age groups. Safe exercise practices, including proper technique training and supervision by gym staff, are recommended to reduce injury rates.
Researchers have developed protein-based components that can be used to create sustainable, biodegradable diapers and sanitary pads. These materials are made from porous biomass that is often discarded by the food and agricultural industries, reducing plastic waste and pollution.
Researchers at EPFL have successfully connected two artificial synapses using ions to process data, paving the way for brain-inspired computing. The device stores information in a readily accessible way, reducing energy costs and mimicking the brain's own processing mechanism.
A recent study found that sexual harassment is common in sub-Saharan African newsrooms, disproportionately affecting women. The study highlights the need for effective policies and training to prevent sexual harassment and create a safe work environment.
A CABI-led study found that the benefits of chatgroups in human health can be applied to plant health, with higher participation rates among younger members and those with less experience. The study also revealed that smaller chatgroups in Africa encouraged greater participation and helped shy members connect with others.
Researchers have identified genetic variants linked to cognitive control and social problems in schizophrenia, potentially paving the way for more effective treatments. The study found that these variants are not targeted by current medications, which often focus on dopamine pathways.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs by harnessing AI in metamaterials research, leading to faster device development and more precise data analysis. This convergence of AI and metaphotonics has the potential to transform various domains, including diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and security.
A new study finds that objective information about preeclampsia risk could drive patient behavior change and motivate pregnant women to follow prevention strategies. The research highlights the potential of personalized risk data to improve pregnancy outcomes and reduce complications.
A new research case series presents three women with systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome who achieved remission of symptoms after following a predominantly raw dietary pattern high in cruciferous vegetables and omega-3 fatty acids. All three patients have remained symptom-free, with two reporting no symptoms for more th...
Research found that certain patterns of pregnancy history, including early deliveries and multiple hypertensive disorders, are associated with high risk of heart attack and stroke. Others with fewer or no complications have lower risk, suggesting other factors may also play a role in predicting cardiovascular disease mortality.
Researchers propose an ammonia induction strategy to improve the sulfur capacity of zeolite-based adsorbents, enhancing desulfurization performance in blast furnace gas. The method inhibits agglomeration, increases dispersibility, and improves diffusion of H2S, resulting in higher adsorption rates.
Researchers identified a case of chronic inflammatory bowel disease after a blood stem cell transplant, linked to a genetic mutation in the recipient's body. Genetic analysis revealed that the donor carried a similar mutation, which triggered an autoimmune response.
A faulty beta-catenin gene helps tumours evade immunity by stopping tumor cells releasing message-containing cargoes called exosomes. Silencing mutant-beta-catenin could be a viable therapeutic strategy to trigger immune cell infiltration and increase tumour-to-immune cell communication.
Researchers found high genetic diversity in Cape lions prior to their extinction, contradicting colonial descriptions. The study suggests that the species exhibited significant phenotypic variation, including diverse mane coloration.
Researchers have developed a miniaturized optical sensor that can detect glucose levels in human blood plasma with comparable sensitivity to laboratory-based sensors. The device operates wirelessly using a coin battery and has demonstrated its viability in detecting glucose levels between 50-400mg/dL.
Researchers at KERI developed a grinding-free wet synthesis process for solid electrolytes, achieving doubled quality with reduced processing time and cost. This innovation enables mass production of high-quality solid-state electrolytes, crucial for all-solid-state battery commercialization.
A new genetic test has identified patients with triple negative early-stage breast cancer who are unlikely to respond to immunotherapy drugs. The test, called ImPrintTN, can predict a patient's likelihood of responding to these treatments and help avoid severe side effects.
A global wildlife study during COVID-19 lockdowns found that animal responses to humans varied by landscape conditions and trophic group. Herbivores became more active around humans, while carnivores tended to avoid them.
Researchers found that people who limited their eating to less than 8 hours per day were more likely to die from cardiovascular disease compared to those who ate for 12-16 hours. This contradicts previous research suggesting short-term benefits of time-restricted eating.
A novel mixed light field technique was developed to achieve immersive augmented reality experiences in bright environments, preserving natural shadows and contrast. The approach utilizes ray-controlled lighting and a binary search algorithm to remove ambient lighting from PM targets.
Researchers at University of Arizona have developed a novel approach to combat mosquito-borne diseases by targeting the unique alkaline environment of larval mosquito guts. The study uses specially designed chemical compounds to modify proteins, hindering food digestion and growth.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a patented process to produce heparin in the lab, offering a consistent and safe supply of the essential medicine. The discovery has the potential to revolutionize the production of heparin, reducing reliance on animal-derived sources and addressing global supply chain issues.
A Washington State University-led research team discovered a set of genes in wild bacteria that allow them to survive exposure to nickel, enabling them to thrive in toxic soils. The genetic discovery could inform future bioremediation efforts to return plants to polluted soils.