Face masks degrade into nanoplastics under sunlight, changing their chemical nature and affecting ecosystems. Researchers found that exposure to sunlight is required for the formation of manganese oxide on plastic particles, altering their interaction and transport in the environment.
A study of ovarian tumor immune landscapes reveals four distinct immunologic subtypes, with those with T cells surviving longer and having better outcomes. The researchers also found that myeloid cells play a key role in reestablishing the immune landscape upon recurrence.
A study found that aging selectively degrades essential DNA- and RNA-binding proteins, contributing to neurodegenerative disease hallmarks. This impairment triggers the decline of proteostasis, leading to protein aggregation and age-related brain changes.
This study used SILAC-based quantitative proteomics to investigate the impact of missense mutations on protein expression in prostate cancer versus healthy tissues. The results show that missense mutations correlate with changes in protein abundance, and specific mutations have deleterious effects on protein stability and function.
Researchers discovered traces of betel nut compounds in dental calculus from a 4,000-year-old burial site in Thailand, shedding light on the ancient practice. The study used new methods to analyze ancient teeth and found evidence of psychoactive plant use that was previously invisible to archaeologists.
A team at Penn State developed a new fabrication approach to create a flexible material for self-powered wearable sensors. The material, based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), exhibits piezoelectricity and can generate electricity from motion.
The study reveals that grasslands adopt more aggressive strategies than forests when facing water shortages, with plants in grasslands using water aggressively until it's gone. In contrast, forests adopt more conservative strategies, cutting back on water use early to avoid disaster.
Women who attend prenatal care visits in groups have better health outcomes, are more satisfied with their care, and report less wait time. Group care promotes meaningful connections among peers and midwives, empowering women to take action towards healthier pregnancies.
Researchers uncover more clues about the risk conferred by variants in the MUTYH gene, which can cause abnormal growths and increase colon cancer risk. The study's high-throughput functional analysis method accurately sorts variants into functional and non-functional categories.
The AAI RESTORE Grants Program will provide one-year grants of up to $100,000 for principal investigators to continue research progress and remain competitive for future funding opportunities. This initiative aims to stabilize immunology labs affected by NIH or other federal grant terminations and freezes in 2025.
A new analysis found that diversity hotspots of mycorrhizal fungi overlapped with plant diversity hotspots in only 8.8% and 1.5% of cases, respectively. The study suggests that prioritizing conservation based on aboveground diversity fails to capture diverse belowground regions.
A new study has coined the term 'scrumping' to describe great apes' fondness for eating ripe, fermented fruit from the forest floor. The researchers suggest that this behavior may have played a significant role in the evolution of human alcohol tolerance.
Amino acid mutation allows humans to efficiently burn calories from alcohol, enabling scrumping of overripe fruits. This adaptation is linked to contemporary human habits of feasting and sacred rituals, fostering community identity and cohesion.
A new study found that those in power are more likely to act fairly when it's easy for others to collectively push back against unfair treatment. The researchers used a multiplayer version of the Ultimatum Game and found that Proposers were more generous when rejection was easy, but less so when it was hard.
Research reveals female candidates are less likely to receive media coverage and have fewer retweets than male counterparts. To overcome the gender penalty, experts argue that women need to invest more resources and skills in their campaigns.
Research from Michigan Medicine found that one in three patients remain connected to a breathing tube after passing a spontaneous breathing trial, increasing the risk of ventilator-associated complications. The study highlights the importance of close communication between healthcare teams to determine the safest time for extubation.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney discovered that leopard seal songs share structural similarities with human nursery rhymes, featuring predictable patterns and low entropy. The study found that male seals spend up to 13 hours a day singing in two-minute cycles, with each individual creating a unique sonic signature.
Researchers investigated the sustainability of ancient Roman concrete, finding that reproducing its recipe would require comparable energy and water, emitting similar CO2. However, Roman concrete's heightened durability might make it a more sustainable option due to reduced maintenance needs, potentially reducing environmental impact.
A new study suggests that both defendants and complainants are equally susceptible to memory errors in sexual assault cases. The research found strong misinformation effects, with individuals in both roles equally likely to misremember details of the events leading up to the sexual encounter.
A new study has found a strong correlation between the sentiment of Instagram images and user sentiments on social media, particularly for anti-war images. The research suggests that social media images can significantly influence public opinion on sociopolitical events, with notable effects observed in comments from users.
Researchers found that treehoppers' unusual morphologies increase their sensitivity to static electricity, potentially helping them detect predators. The study provides a new insight into the possible role of electrostatic sense in driving organismal morphology evolution.
Researchers introduced a novel approach for fabricating high-performance near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes (NIR-PeLEDs) using triple-source thermal co-evaporation. This strategy directly forms the black-phase α-FACsPbI3 perovskite, overcoming phase instability and surface roughness issues.
A national survey conducted by Washington State University researchers found that young men with a
A large-scale study in China found that nearly one-quarter of pregnant women experience depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for effective preventive and management strategies. Socioeconomic factors and partner support play crucial roles in the development and risk reduction of antenatal depression.
This meta-analysis found that FMT combined with ICIs resulted in improved objective response and disease control rates, with an acceptable safety profile. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant association between the combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies and higher overall response rates.
Researchers developed a new computer modelling method that adheres to a cricket's physical characteristics, predicting precise vibration patterns and song frequency. The study used preserved specimens and wetting the wing with water to recover correct frequencies, providing a more reliable way of reconstructing cricket acoustic function.
Research reveals obesity's role in cancer development through mechanisms like chronic inflammation, hormonal disorders, and microbial dysbiosis. Lifestyle changes and targeted treatments hold potential in preventing obesity-related cancers.
A new gene therapy intervention administered at birth provides multi-year protection from HIV infection, useful in areas lacking access to antiretroviral drugs. The treatment uses a common gene therapy shuttle to produce an HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibody, showing no side effects and long-lasting protection.
A study published in Neurology found that women with multiple sclerosis are less likely to receive disease-modifying drugs than men, even when accounting for pregnancy and postpartum periods. The study suggests that women's reluctance to use these treatments may be a factor in the disparity.
Researchers reanalyzed ancient honey residue from Greek shrine jars using modern techniques and determined its likely origin. The findings suggest the presence of ancient honey, but other bee products may also be present.
Researchers at Tsinghua University Press have developed a novel molecular-scale strategy to create high-temperature EMW absorbing materials with temperature-insensitive permittivity. The multi-heterointerface lightweight ceramics demonstrate outstanding performance in absorbing EMW across a wide temperature range.
A study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that around one in five people with Lynch syndrome develop a second colon cancer over an average of 7.9 years. The risk depends on the genetic subtype, with changes in MLH1 or MSH2 genes increasing the likelihood of a second tumor.
The research develops a comprehensive family assistant capable of performing various tasks like picking up toys and fetching items. The robot uses YOLOv11 object recognition and flexible gripper to recognize objects of varying sizes and weights with high accuracy.
This book provides a beginner-friendly resource on the impact and evolution of decentralized networks, highlighting their applications in healthcare, supply chains, agriculture, climate monitoring, and education. The authors emphasize sustainability, data security, and ethical tech adoption.
An international survey of over 300 adults suggests that males born in summer are potentially more prone to depression. Female study participants did not show a similar association with depression.
A low-cost 'SimpleSilo' device mimics commercial silo bags without high cost, using inexpensive materials and easy-to-source supplies. The device demonstrated comparable performance to commercial silo bags and can be assembled by hospital staff in under an hour.
Researchers found that voting behavior did not significantly change despite suspension of rights like freedom of assembly and movement. The estimated drop in vote share was between 0.8 and 1.7 percentage points, statistically insignificant.
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows promise in enhancing cancer immunotherapy outcomes, with some studies demonstrating remarkable improvements and others showing no benefit. The success of FMT depends on multiple factors, including donor selection and specific bacterial communities being transferred.
Researchers found that a protein called intersectin separates message-bearing bubbles in brain cells at the synapse, enabling the brain to decide when to use them. This discovery advances our understanding of memory formation and learning, and may lead to new treatments for cognitive disorders like Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.
Gemini achieved highest accuracy, followed by Claude-3-opus and GPT, with accuracy varying significantly across single-image tasks and continuous slices. Simplified prompts improved diagnostic performance, but Gemini and GPT struggled with normal image recognition.
A large census of dikes in the Netherlands revealed that more bee species live on dikes than previously thought, with 154 different species found. The researchers found that flower-rich dikes attract many more bees, especially endangered species, due to the variety of plants and nesting sites.
A recent study reveals that surgeons in the United States have a disproportionately high mortality rate compared to other highly educated professionals, including nonsurgeon physicians. The study suggests that factors such as work environment and lifestyle may contribute to this disparity.
The HELO survey reveals a population seeking optimal health and lifespan, yet lacking the necessary knowledge and access. Key findings include strong public interest in Healthy Longevity Medicine clinics across all age groups, with older adults showing clear enthusiasm for preventive care.
A recent study identified four genes associated with treatment resistance to immunotherapy in melanoma patients. The genes, CD24, NFIL3, FN1, and KLRK1, were found to be linked to mechanisms of immune evasion and suppression of the inflammatory response. Patients with high expression of these genes had significantly lower overall survi...
Researchers develop compact, noninvasive imaging system combining LC-OCT and Raman microspectroscopy to examine skin cancer structures and chemical composition. The AI model achieves high classification accuracy for basal cell carcinoma and other types, offering new insights into cancer development and behavior.
The University of Copenhagen is excited to announce Zuber Lawler as a sponsor of the 12th Aging Research & Drug Discovery Meeting. The conference will bring together academia-pharma-startup-investor partnerships to discuss advancements in aging research and its applications.
A new study led by University of Waterloo researchers found that female pilots tend to make fewer flight control errors under stress, despite similar visual attention patterns. The findings challenge gender bias in aviation performance and suggest a need for more inclusive pilot training and evaluation systems.
A new research paper found that epigenetic aging is linked to cognitive decline in midlife, with twins experiencing a larger drop in IQ scores if they had grown up in families with lower socioeconomic status. This study provides new evidence for the impact of childhood adversity on brain aging.
Deep Origin will host two presentations at ARDD 2025, showcasing its AI-based models for drug discovery and longevity. The company aims to enable creation of virtual cells and deeper understanding of biological function.
A global study found that cancer immunotherapies carry a hidden risk: cholestasis, a serious liver condition. Researchers urge aggressive monitoring of liver function, particularly in younger adults and women.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed a promising new treatment for liver cancer by targeting metabolism in tumours. The discovery, published in Nature, shows that inhibiting an enzyme called ATP citrate lyase can enable the immune system to kill liver cancer cells, particularly through B cell-mediated responses.
A new study reveals that large language models can generate convincing but biased peer reviews, nearly indistinguishable from human writing. The AI excelled at generating persuasive rejection comments and fabricating reasons to cite unrelated studies, posing a serious risk to the integrity of scientific publishing.
A global analysis of CAR-T cell therapy found a significantly increased risk of developing secondary cancers, particularly T-cell lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndromes. The median onset of these cancers occurred much earlier in CAR-T recipients compared to those not receiving the treatment.
Researchers found that hot days increase emergency department visits and hospitalizations, while cold days are associated with fewer deaths, particularly among older adults. The study suggests that health policy needs to account for temperature-related impacts across different age groups.
Senescent T cells exhibit genomic instability, protein imbalance, and mitochondrial dysfunction, impairing immune function and recognizing tumor antigens. The presence of senescent T cells is associated with poor prognosis and reduced immunotherapy efficacy.
A new online tool calculates a person's 'heart age' based on cardiovascular disease risk factors, revealing significant gaps among certain groups. On average, women had a heart age of 55.4, while men had an average heart age of 56.7, with disparities found among those with lower incomes or education.
A team of geophysicists from ETH Zurich and SUSTech, China, used computer models to simulate whether a completely liquid core could generate a stable magnetic field. Their simulations showed that the Earth's magnetic field was generated in the early history of the Earth in a similar way to today.
A study published in PLOS found that urban exposure significantly increases the risk of obesity among middle and old-age migrants in India. The longer they stay in cities, the greater the risk of obesity.
A multi-institutional team has proposed updates to national guidelines to remove race-based assessments from lung function testing. The authors highlight the need for a more equitable evaluation system, warning against overreliance on objective cutoff-based criteria. Several healthcare systems have already shifted to race-neutral refer...
A team of international researchers has taken an unprecedented image of the heart of the OJ 287 galaxy, revealing a curved segment of the plasma jet. The discovery provides new insights into the extreme conditions surrounding supermassive black holes and their role in shaping the jets.