Researchers discover a novel metabolic pathway, glyoxalase system, that regulates excessive immune responses by targeting a previously underexplored metabolic pathway. The GLO2-SLG-D-lactylation pathway suppresses inflammatory signaling, reducing inflammation in acute and autoimmune disease settings.
Researchers have discovered a hidden switch in breast cancer that uncovers PHGDH's role as both a metabolic and transcriptional regulator. PHGDH suppresses genes vital for immune cell function, steering macrophages toward tumor-fighting behavior. The study offers promising new strategies for reprogramming the tumor microenvironment.
A study by Surrey researchers found that body image worries and pressure from parents, coaches, and schools are major reasons why many young women quit sports. The study suggests that making sports feel safe and supportive can help retain girls in the game.
The American Heart Association and Major League Baseball will offer walk-up style Hands-Only CPR instruction at the 2025 MLB All-Star Game. Participants will learn compression-only CPR, a skill that can be equally effective as traditional CPR in the first few minutes of emergency response.
A recent study on truncal acne found that material contact and gender play a significant role in outbreak severity. The researchers proposed the Truncal Acne Severity Scale (TRASS), which addresses a major gap in current methods by incorporating patient-centered metrics.
Cyanobacteria's microalgae-based technologies effectively remove antibiotics from wastewater through mechanisms attributed to the identified nitroreductase enzyme. Engineered bacteria expressing this enzyme degrade chloramphenicol with high efficiency, offering a sustainable biocatalyst for antibiotic pollution control.
Researchers at Keck Medicine of USC found that high doses of corticosteroids can limit the effectiveness of immunotherapies in treating non-small cell lung cancer. Corticosteroids, commonly prescribed for symptom management, were shown to stop T-cells from maturing, reducing their ability to attack cancer cells.
Astrocytes, long-neglected brain cells, are found to modulate behavioral flexibility and whole-body metabolism in mice with obesity. Researchers from CNRS and Université Paris Cité discovered that manipulating astrocytes in vivo can correct cognitive changes and influence metabolism.
Researchers analyzed data from 253 primate populations to quantify male-female dominance. They found diverse power relations across species, contradicting previous assumptions about male dominance.
Feralisation in rabbits leads to variable body sizes and skull shapes that don't simply revert to wild or domestic forms. The study suggests environmental factors drive these changes, potentially influenced by evolutionary pressures and habitat conditions.
A recent study suggests that virtual reality therapy is effective in treating psychosis, working faster than current cognitive behavioral therapy. The treatment involves exposing patients to simulated social situations to reduce avoidance behavior and anxiety.
A new framework for defining obesity may reclassify 1 in 5 overweight US adults as obese, but surprisingly shows similar mortality risk to those with normal weight. The study found that larger waist circumference at greater risk for death among postmenopausal women across all BMI categories.
Researchers introduced a novel low-thermal-effect gradient-doped crystal to improve brightness of high-power end-pumped Nd:YAG lasers. The optimized crystal extended absorption length, smoothed thermal gradients, and achieved conversion efficiencies above fifty percent.
A new computational method combines 4D flow MRI, CFD, and data assimilation to estimate blood flow in brain aneurysms with greater accuracy and efficiency. The approach focuses on the aneurysm region, reducing computational cost while improving flow estimation.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have made a groundbreaking discovery on how neural stem cell grafts can restore myelin in MS lesions in mice. The study provides critical evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of human induced neural stem cell transplantation as a potential new treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis.
A new blood biomarker, p-tau217, has been identified as a potential predictor of Alzheimer's disease progression. This marker shows promise in identifying individuals at higher risk of developing the disease, allowing for early intervention and targeted treatment.
Scientists have discovered that repeat RNAs aggregate inside droplets but can be disassembled with an engineered piece of RNA. The study sheds new light on how these clusters form within biomolecular condensates and presents a potential therapeutic application.
Researchers found that elevated L-aspartic acid levels predict gastric cancer risk, while influencing treatment outcomes of Helicobacter pylori eradication and garlic supplementation. This study suggests using plasma L-aspartic acid profiling to tailor prevention efforts and identify high-risk individuals.
A new study reveals an AI-assisted technique that can measure and track aging cells, which are known to play a key role in wound repair and aging-related diseases. The tool uses nuclear morphometrics to analyze cell characteristics and distinguish between healthy and senescent cells.
A new report from NYU highlights the promise of community and global advocacy, organizational support, partnerships, and other strategies for integrating quality arts education in public schools. Successful initiatives include teacher development, technical support, and community engagement.
Researchers developed CL-RaA*, a novel path planning algorithm for fixed-wing UAVs, ensuring safe and efficient navigation in complex environments. The algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of search speed and feasible path length.
Researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University proposed a method for neutron spectrum regulation to enhance the irradiation production efficiency of transuranium isotopes. The new method achieves efficient and precise neutron spectrum optimization, maximizing the production of transuranic isotopes.
A novel method predicts the working status of high-formwork support systems using a combination of finite element model simulations, deep learning, and large language models. The framework achieves superior performance over existing methods and demonstrates potential applications in complex structures.
Chihtong Lee's research on retractor blade geometry explores how small design changes can improve patient recovery after spinal surgery. Her work, conducted in collaboration with Baylor College of Medicine, showed that blades with soft, biocompatible coatings significantly reduced tissue stress and postoperative complications.
Researchers developed an AI-informed method for rapid protein evolution, integrating structural and evolutionary constraints. The approach, AiCE, outperforms traditional methods in predicting high-fitness mutations, enabling efficient protein redesign and applications in precision medicine.
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) is expanding its heat exchanger testing capabilities to include megawatt-scale performance evaluations. This move addresses a significant market gap for high-heat transfer rates involving high-temperature and -flowrate applications in data centers, defense, and other fields.
A team of astronomers found that fast X-ray transients are associated with the explosive death of massive stars, including supernovae. The International Gemini Observatory and SOAR telescope observed the event, providing insight into its mechanisms.
A new framework, FlowViT-Diff, uses transformer-guided diffusion models to reconstruct high-resolution flow fields from low-resolution data. The method achieves superior accuracy and robustness compared to classical methods.
Researchers developed CoNi-MOF nanozymes with laccase-like activity using a gas-liquid interface dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) low-temperature plasma (LTP) technique, exhibiting high catalytic degradation of tetracycline. The novel approach offers an eco-friendly strategy for addressing antibiotic pollution in the environment.
A comprehensive seven-step information guide has been published in the British Journal of Surgery to support and protect patients considering pioneering surgery. The guide sets out essential information that surgeons must discuss with patients before undergoing innovative procedures.
A new study by Cornell researchers found that nearly half of U.S. grandchildren (47%) live within 10 miles of a grandparent, with significant numbers even closer. Families living closer together tend to have lower socioeconomic status but spend more time and money on each other.
A new approach to improve lithium-ion conduction in solid polymer electrolytes is presented through in situ polymerization within a covalent organic framework, boosting the performance of lithium metal batteries. This innovative design enhances ion transport efficiency and paves the way for high-performance lithium metal batteries.
Researchers found that individuals following Mediterranean or plant-based diets were less likely to develop chronic constipation. A diet rich in vegetables, nuts, and healthy fats may help prevent the condition.
Researchers discovered a deeper understanding of the energy back transfer (EBT) mechanism in upconversion luminescent materials. The study found that high power densities induce a transition from green to yellow luminescence, while maintaining bright green luminescence within a measured range.
Research investigates how late eating affects glucose metabolism, finding a link between late meal times and reduced insulin sensitivity. Genetic factors also play a role in determining individual eating behaviors and glucose regulation.
Researchers found that thick ice cover suppressed volcanic eruptions, but as glacial ice melts, pressure builds and magma is released, leading to more frequent and explosive eruptions. This phenomenon could occur worldwide, including Antarctica, and may have global climate impacts, including long-term warming.
Researchers identified a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in DLGAP5 responsible for human female infertility. The mutation led to abnormal oocyte maturation and impaired embryo development, with no cleavage embryos developing into blastocysts.
Researchers found no significant genotoxic effects of triazine UV filters in bacterial reverse mutation, chromosomal aberration, and micronucleus assays. Phototoxicity assessments also confirmed safety using 3T3 neutral red uptake and guinea pig models. The results support the use of these filters in topical applications.
Researchers at Lund University are advancing knowledge about lipid nanoparticles, which could guide them to the right destination within cells. The technique has potential for treating cancer, genetic disorders, and neurological conditions.
A new method for rapid generation of aircraft concept solutions based on generative artificial intelligence has been proposed, demonstrating the application potential of large language models in aircraft conceptual design. The method improved efficiency and innovation in the conceptual stage.
Frontiers has integrated Cactus' Paperpal Preflight and Clear Skies' Papermill Alarm and Oversight into its AIRA submission-screening system to boost fraud-detection capabilities. This integration strengthens the reliability and integrity of every manuscript submitted to Frontiers.
A new study reveals that civil servants who support the ruling party are more likely to stay engaged, while others tend to leave or disengage, leading to a less diverse and politicized civil service. This shift threatens the competence, neutrality, and public trust of the civil service.
Researchers discovered that breast cancer responds to CDK4/6 inhibitors by forming an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which can be mitigated with radiation therapy or immune-modulating drugs. The study also found a potential biomarker to predict treatment response in patients.
Research on MCL-1 protein reveals its critical role in cell survival and energy production, offering a roadmap for designing targeted cancer therapies with reduced side effects. The findings also shed light on fatal metabolic diseases in infants, providing potential new targets for future treatments.
A study by University of Colorado at Boulder found that nearly half of cannabis flower products contain more THC than their labels claim, while concentrates tend to be accurately labeled. The study emphasizes the importance of accurate labeling in the industry.
A new study found that honey bees extract nearly 80% of available pollen in a day, leaving little for native bee species. This exploitation could lead to population declines and disruption of ecosystem balance.
Researchers studied pigeons' gaze following behavior in groups, finding they do indeed follow collective cues. The experiment revealed that group size plays a role in the effect, but there is no specific minimum number of pigeons required to produce the result.
Researchers discovered LAG-3 inhibits T cell activity through spatial proximity to TCR, not ligand binding. This discovery enables precise modulation of autoreactive T cells in autoimmune diseases.
A recent review in Nature Reviews Clean Technology presents a pathway for scaling up decoupled water electrolysis technologies to produce industrial-scale green hydrogen. This clean alternative offers a low-carbon solution to replace fossil fuels and unlock the potential of replacing the world's dependency on fossil fuels.
A new study reveals that AI systems transition from relying on word positions to meaning-based understanding as they receive enough data for training. The transition occurs abruptly, similar to a phase transition in physical systems, and is driven by the amount of data available.
Researchers developed a high-fidelity FSI model to predict impact loads under wave conditions, revealing pivotal mechanisms for airbag-cushioned reentry capsule design. The study provides a scientific foundation for optimizing spacecraft recovery and establishing technical cornerstones for future crewed missions.
Scientists are working on a genetic cure for the world's most common inherited heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), with a new gene editing tool. The team aims to correct mutations that cause the disease, which affects 14 million people worldwide.
Researchers developed indium-based metal–organic frameworks (In-MOFs) to improve poly(vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene) electrolyte performance in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. The In-MOFs enhance electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity, leading to significant performance improvements.
Researchers found that rod bipolar cells can form new functional connections with cones when their usual partners stop working in retinitis pigmentosa. This adaptation mechanism could reveal new targets for treatments aimed at preserving vision.
A new design method, SPADE, evaluates UAV video surveillance system quality without real-world manipulations. It assesses the impact of image resolution on object detection performance., The SPADE method can be applied to various UAV systems and will aid in designing complex large-scale systems involving multiple UAVs.
A study of 168,547 postmenopausal women found that excess weight is associated with a 31% higher risk of breast cancer in those with cardiovascular disease. Higher BMI also increases the risk in women without cardiovascular disease, although to a lesser extent.
Researchers from the University of Warsaw and the University of British Columbia have discovered a new type of exotic quantum excitation called a lone spinon. This finding deepens our understanding of magnetism and could have implications for the development of future technologies such as quantum computers.
Scientists model and predict gastric cancer development using theoretical tools and dynamic indicators, providing a novel perspective for early diagnosis. The study identifies key warning signals in TGF-β regulation, offering a robust theoretical foundation for clinical early warnings.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed pioneering therapies to prevent organ rejection without the need for immunosuppression. A recent phase 3 clinical trial found that 75% of participants were able to stop taking immunosuppressive medications for more than two years, with some patients staying off medication for over three years.
Rice University professor Lei Li has received a NSF CAREER Award to develop wearable medical imaging technology capable of visualizing deep tissue function in real time. The project aims to miniaturize hospital-grade imaging systems into compact, energy-efficient wearables.