Research from the University of Bath, King's College London, and Freie Universität Berlin reveals how club selectors assess social fit by weighing 'fitted' vs. 'standout' qualities, while curating a diverse crowd. Excessive alcohol consumption and aggression are clear red flags.
A study analyzing Klimt's The Kiss reveals that the painting's red discs represent vital biological functions and psychological intensity. The research also uncovers historical links between the artist and medical science, suggesting deliberate incorporation of menstrual blood as a central motif.
A new study suggests that paricalcitol may help manage chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs by reducing renal secondary hyperparathyroidism and proteinuria. The treatment showed promise in stabilizing proteinuria, but raised questions about potential long-term effects on CKD progression.
A deep learning model analyzes breast arterial calcification and translates results into a cardiovascular risk score, helping identify patients at higher risk of heart disease. The tool is particularly useful for younger women, who can benefit from early interventions.
Bonn researchers have compiled a comprehensive toolbox to characterize IRESes, involving circular RNA reporters and quantitative staining techniques. This enables the direct characterization of IRES-mediated activity in cultured cells and embryo tissue.
Researchers developed a recycling process for cement waste into a low-carbon, high-strength material that can replace traditional Portland cement. The new cement blend reduces carbon intensity and enables new uses for construction and demolition waste.
A study by social psychologist Melanie Steffens found that high qualifications can overcome negative stereotypes, but even small amounts of additional information can activate biases. Researchers also discovered that certain groups, such as Turkish women, are more likely to be excluded from job opportunities due to stereotypes.
Research suggests flavonoids improve insulin sensitivity, enhance β-cell function, modulate the gut microbiota, inhibit gluconeogenesis, and regulate enteroendocrine hormones in type 2 diabetes management. Flavonoid-specific effects on GLP-1, GIP, PYY, and CCK secretion contribute to improved glycemic control.
Researchers identified a Y chromosome-linked gene, UTY, as a key driver of valve calcification in males. In females, fibrotic tissue formation stiffens the valve, leading to different disease progression. The study highlights the importance of sex-based mechanisms in heart valve disease
Researchers have confirmed the presence of xylazine in Tijuana's illicit drug supply, posing severe health risks due to sedation, withdrawal syndromes, skin infections, and wounds. The study highlights the need for public health intervention and expanded surveillance to mitigate the spread of xylazine in the region.
Aardvark Weather, a fully AI-driven system, delivers accurate forecasts tens of times faster and using thousands of times less computing power than current systems. The new approach transforms weather forecasting, providing bespoke forecasts for specific industries or locations.
Researchers isolated three potent anti-HIV compounds from Daphne pseudomezereum, with EC₅₀ values around 1 nM and IC50 > 5 μM. The findings suggest a promising approach to developing novel drugs with superior anti-HIV activity.
A new study published in JAMA Ophthalmology found that lifestyle changes after COVID-19 were associated with an increase in the prevalence and severity of child astigmatisms. The potential impact of higher degrees of astigmatism may warrant dedicated efforts to elucidate the relationship between environmental and/or lifestyle factors.
A new AR navigation system for EVD placement shows improved accuracy and reduced complications compared to the freehand technique. The system enables precise 3D guidance and real-time feedback during drilling, reducing errors and improving outcomes.
Researchers developed a framework to measure welfare contributions of new and free goods and services. The study found that these goods significantly increase welfare, with digital goods such as Facebook and Smartphone cameras contributing 0.05-0.11% and 0.63% annual boosts to GDP-B, respectively.
The AI FORA project analyzed how AI-based social assessment varies across nine countries and four continents, highlighting the need for flexible, dynamic, and adaptive systems that reflect social stakeholders' perspectives. The research aims to improve AI in addressing fairness and discrimination issues in public social services.
A recent Gut journal study defines Vasomics as a novel research discipline utilizing multimodal imaging techniques and computational pathology to analyze the pathophysiology of liver diseases. The study categorizes existing hepatic vascular phenotypes into five major types, providing new insights into potential therapeutic targets.
Research reveals that placental DNA methylation influences expression of genes associated with psychiatric disorders, suggesting genetic risk manifests during prenatal stage. The study identifies schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression disorder as most strongly linked conditions.
A new study finds that the majority of carbon dioxide absorbed by ecosystems is stored in dead plant material, soils, and sediments. This discovery suggests that terrestrial carbon stocks are more resilient and stable than previously thought, with most carbon sequestered over the last three decades stored in nonliving organic matter.
The study provides a comprehensive genetic map of the pistachio genome, allowing for the creation of better-nutrition varieties. The research also identifies four key stages of nut growth from flower to harvest, providing insights into shell hardening and kernel growth.
Researchers found that large, contiguous areas of well-networked tree canopies lower mortality risk in densely developed cities. Compact, geometrically simple areas of tree canopy also show a positive effect on health. The study suggests that connecting isolated green spaces and promoting biodiversity can support human health.
A new electrode structure enhances catalytic activity and durability, achieving high-efficiency hydrogen production via H2S electrolysis. The system reduces energy consumption by 43% compared to conventional water electrolysis.
Researchers developed a novel sulfide-based solid electrolyte with exceptional ionic conductivity, achieving high cycling stability and compatibility with various cathode and anode materials. The study enhances the performance of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries with wide temperature adaptability and long cycle life.
Researchers have discovered that a specific gene pathway is crucial for feather formation, dating back to the origins of proto-feathers in dinosaurs. The study provides insights into how genetic interactions evolved to allow for the emergence of complex structures like feathers.
Scientists at POSTECH and University of Montpellier successfully synthesized wafer-scale hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with an AA-stacking configuration using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). This achievement introduces a novel route for precise stacking control in van der Waals materials.
Researchers developed a two-layer system to generate 3D road maps with enriched elevation, slope, and aspect information using crowdsourced trajectories. The method demonstrated an average deviation of 4.201 meters in 2D spatial positioning and an elevation error of 7.656 meters.
A team of researchers discovered that lactate dehydrogenase (BbLDH) is essential for Borrelia burgdorferi growth and infectivity. As a unique biochemical feature, BbLDH can be targeted to develop genus-specific inhibitors for Lyme disease treatment.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that healthcare professionals face difficulties in recognizing and addressing disordered eating in people with type 1 Diabetes due to lack of support and limited confidence. This can lead to delays in diagnosis and potentially life-threatening complications for patients.
The company will use AI translation tools to publish books in multiple languages, making them accessible to a broader audience. This initiative aims to promote better understanding between cultures and accelerate awareness of knowledge required to meet today's challenges.
Researchers have found that the unique shape of lymphatic vessel endothelial cells allows for efficient absorption and transport of fluids while withstanding sudden changes in tissue fluid volume. This distinctive cell shape is also seen in plant leaves, where it helps support structural stability.
A recent Stanford University study found that foreign aid sanctions can negate up to 64% of progress against maternal mortality, with similar impacts on infant and child mortality. The researchers estimate that sanctions lasting five years or more can lead to significant increases in death rates among mothers, children, and infants.
Recent studies have shown that most of the terrestrial carbon accumulation occurs in non-living pools, such as soil organic matter and bodies of water. The research team found that around 35 gigatonnes of carbon were sequestered on land between 1992 and 2019, with a 30% increase over the last decade.
Researchers confirm that some returning salmon to Putah Creek are born there, marking a significant finding for restored streams worldwide. The study's results show that restored waterways can help restore and even create salmon runs.
A computer simulation model suggests that administering long-acting, injectable antibodies to infants can reduce HIV transmission and be cost-saving in high HIV burden settings. The study found that bNAbs could potentially prevent up to 42% of all new infant HIV infections.
Research reveals that mountain uplift and dynamic topography significantly shape biodiversity over geological timescales. By simulating millions of years of tectonic uplift, scientists found a direct link between species richness and the magnitude and pace of mountain building, with topographic relief stabilizing species equilibrium.
Researchers have introduced novel memristive components that offer significant advantages over previous versions, including increased robustness and functionality. These properties could help address the problem of catastrophic forgetting in artificial neural networks.
The team successfully prepared an amphiphilic drug molecule PPT-POM-PPT, which exhibits excellent anticancer activity against various tumor cells while showing low toxicity to normal cells. The self-assembling vesicles deliver the drug without additional carrier materials, improving stability and biocompatibility.
The Bezos Earth Fund has launched a five-year project to conserve amphibian species in Latin America, partnering with the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Amphibian Survival Alliance. The initiative aims to halt amphibian extinctions and boost captive populations by 15%.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science use polarized light to measure glucose concentration with near clinical accuracy in water, serum solutions and tissue samples. The technique exploits the interaction between glucose molecules and polarized light to create unique sound wave patterns.
Researchers from ETH Zurich have developed a tiny plasmonic modulator that can transmit data with frequencies over a trillion oscillations per second, breaking previous records. The new modulator can be used for various applications, including high-performance computing and measurement technology.
Researchers found that inhibiting the sonic hedgehog pathway restricts feather bud outgrowth and branching in chickens. Temporarily modified Shh expression resulted in proto-featherlike structures, highlighting the pathway's importance in feather development.
Scientists found that piRNA rapidly catches up with changes in jumping genes, improving efficiency through a competition between sites. This unique property of piRNA has implications for medical research and potential diagnostic or therapeutic strategies against unwanted genetic mutations.
A new poll found that nearly 3/4 of older Americans have experienced at least one extreme weather event, increasing their concern about climate change's effects on their health. Those who lived through such events are more likely to express worry about the impact on themselves and future generations.
Direct-acting antivirals have reduced HCV-related morbidity and mortality, but hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk persists in certain populations. Risk factors include pre-treatment cirrhosis, metabolic disorders, and advanced fibrosis, highlighting the need for tailored surveillance strategies.
A team at University of Queensland has made a breakthrough in muonic atom research, showing that nuclear polarisation does not limit studies of muonic atoms. The finding provides a clear path for using muonic atoms to better understand the magnetic structure of the nucleus.
A novel fMRI study reveals that infants can encode individual memories, suggesting that infantile amnesia is caused by memory retrieval failures rather than inability to form memories. The findings support recent rodent studies showing that memories created during infancy can persist into adulthood.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz engineered cellular models of embryos using CRISPR technology, allowing them to study early developmental stages without experimenting with actual embryos. The team found that 80% of stem cells organized into embryo-like structures, showcasing a remarkable collective behavior and molecular composition.
Researchers at Yale University discovered that infants' hippocampi can encode memories in their earliest years, contradicting the long-held theory of infantile amnesia. The study found that increased hippocampal activity upon seeing a new image led to better recognition later on.
Researchers at the University of Basel discovered that mitochondrial proteins assemble into large supercomplexes, crucial for providing cells with energy. These findings may lead to insights into human diseases and biotechnology applications.
A new security protocol has been developed to protect miniaturized wireless medical implants from cyber threats, ensuring patient safety. The protocol uses a quirk of wireless power transfer to authenticate device access and prevent hacking.
Research uncovering rapid changes in river temperatures across the US highlights importance of observational records for environmental variability. The findings provide insights into managing habitats and understanding impacts on socioeconomic activities.
Astronomers have discovered oxygen in JADES-GS-z14-0, the most distant known galaxy, revealing a galaxy that is much more chemically mature than expected. The detection suggests galaxies formed rapidly and are maturing rapidly, contradicting previous theories about early universe formation.
Prof. Günter Blöschl's research has made significant contributions to understanding the drivers of increasing flood risks under climate change and reveals that the last two decades have been markedly flood-prone compared to historical records.
A new study from the University of Turku screened school-age children for anxiety and found that a Master Your Worries programme reduced symptoms of generalised anxiety, social anxiety, and separation anxiety. The study also showed that lighter digital study materials can reduce anxiety symptoms in children.
Researchers discovered that gamma-actin increases the rigidity of cell membranes while beta-actin filaments are less stiff. This mechanism may contribute to hearing loss by affecting the apical membrane's stiffness essential for auditory function.
Researchers developed a predictive model showing peat bogs can offset 14% of future CO2 emissions through microalgae's photosynthesis. Peatlands store over 30% of the Earth's soil carbon, estimated to be between 500-1000 gigatons.
Patients from American Indian and Black communities are less likely to have elevated CA-125 levels at diagnosis, suggesting current thresholds may miss diverse patients. Inclusive diagnostic guidelines are needed to address disparities in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Gray seals possess the cognitive ability to perceive oxygen levels, regulating dive duration accordingly. Elevated CO2 levels do not impact dive duration, suggesting a separate mechanism for oxygen perception.
A new study in The Journal of Immunology reveals how a high-fat diet can impair the immune system's ability to respond to infection. Male mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited impaired neutrophil function, including reduced bacterial killing capacity and abnormal gene expression.
The study of 19,000 patients shows immune checkpoint inhibitors greatly improved survival rates for those living with MSI-H colorectal cancer. Researchers found factors that may improve therapy's effectiveness against MSS tumors under certain conditions.