Two large-scale clinical trials found that a higher dose of semaglutide significantly improves weight loss and related health outcomes in adults with obesity. The study revealed an average weight loss of nearly 19% in those receiving the higher dose, compared to 10% with the standard dose or placebo.
A University of East Anglia study found that trauma-focused CBT significantly improved PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation in children with multiple traumas. The therapy was effective and safe, even for those with complex and severe symptoms.
A systematic review of over 9 million pregnancies found that gestational diabetes is associated with cognitive decline in mothers and an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes have a 36% higher risk of ADHD and a 56% higher risk of autism spectrum disorders compare...
A Danish study found that individuals with a normal weight range (22.5-25 kg/m2) had the lowest mortality rate, followed by those in the overweight category. However, being underweight was associated with a significantly higher risk of death, while severe obesity was linked to a slightly increased risk. The study suggests that BMI may ...
Women with type 2 diabetes taking oral hormone replacement therapy are at a higher risk of developing pulmonary embolism and heart disease. Transdermal HRT, on the other hand, appears safer, reducing cardiovascular risk by up to 25%.
A study found that more than half of the general population in the USA and Europe experience dry eyes, with only 20% of European patients and 17% of US patients receiving a diagnosis. The delay in seeking treatment is concerning, as early intervention can prevent inflammation and worsening symptoms.
Home high-intensity aerobic training outperforms home balance training in improving ataxia symptoms, fatigue, and aerobic fitness among those with cerebellar ataxias. Regular training maintained benefits at 1 year.
A new study analyzing real-world data from over 4 million adults found that cannabis users face almost four times the risk of developing type 2 diabetes within five years compared to non-users. The study suggests that long-term metabolic effects of cannabis use may be linked to insulin resistance and unhealthy dietary behaviors.
Patients who had cataract surgery or received a new type of lens for presbyopia correction have excellent vision over near, intermediate, and far distances without glasses. The study found that nearly all patients needed glasses 'none' or 'a little of the time' for distance and intermediate vision.
Researchers developed a new treatment using specially formulated eye drops that improved near vision for patients with presbyopia. The study found that the majority of patients could read extra lines on the Jaeger chart after using the eye drops, and improvements were sustained for up to two years.
Two studies reveal that natural processes can bring organic-rich materials to the Mars rover, increasing its diversity of samples. Rockfalls in Oxia Planum may have originated from elsewhere on Mars and were deposited through a series of floods over 3.5 billion years ago.
As states prepare to implement work requirements for Medicaid expansion, a University of Michigan health care researcher emphasizes the need for key actions to protect enrollees with chronic conditions. Ayanian's guidance includes steps for healthcare providers and organizations to ensure individuals do not lose coverage if they qualify.
Researchers found that shutting down a signaling pathway in fibroblasts restored heart functioning in lab models. The study suggests that targeting fibroblasts may be essential to treat dilated cardiomyopathy, a leading cause of heart failure.
Researchers at Aarhus University found that vertical solar panels can generate electricity without compromising crop yields, even with reduced shade. The system requires less land than separate installations and is better received by the public due to its innovative design.
Researchers discovered biomass-derived starch, phytic acid, and chitosan provide substantial improvements in polymer fire safety while aligning with sustainability goals. These natural compounds can be modified and integrated into polymer matrices to deliver effective fire protection.
A new European study of over 45,000 individuals aged 50-plus found a significant association between diabetes and depression, with individuals having diabetes increasing their risk of developing severe depressive symptoms by 48%, regardless of country. Conversely, those with high depressive symptoms had a 15% higher odds of developing ...
Research from Sweden, Norway, and Finland shows smoking significantly raises type 2 diabetes risk across all subtypes, with severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) being the most affected. Heavy smokers face greater risks, especially those with genetic predispositions.
A national study found that half of adults without diabetes who started taking semaglutide for weight loss discontinued treatment within a year. The most common factors influencing discontinuation were age, with younger users more likely to stop, as well as high costs and higher predisposition to adverse effects.
Researchers used AI to assess images of patients' eyes and predict those who needed prompt treatment, successfully sorting up to 90% of patients. The study's findings could lead to earlier treatment and reduced unnecessary monitoring for patients with keratoconus.
Researchers analyzed seeds from a now-extinct plant population on Nishinoshima, tracing its lineage to nearby Chichijima island. The study found distinct genetic traits and a strong founder's effect due to limited seed dispersal opportunities.
The study found shocked quartz grains at three North American archaeological sites, indicating extreme heat and pressure. This supports the Younger Dryas Impact hypothesis, which proposes that a fragmented comet exploded over Earth, leading to megafauna extinctions and Clovis culture collapse.
SciOpen has reached a milestone of hosting over 200 STM journals, enhancing global visibility of local journals. The platform offers customizable end-to-end digital publishing services to support universities and journal publishers.
Researchers found that kelp forests support nearby beaches with high biodiversity due to nutrient subsidies. The connectivity between kelp and beach ecosystems is a local process, with the strongest benefit within 10 kilometers of kelp forests.
An AI algorithm based on routine mammogram images plus age can predict a woman's risk of major cardiovascular disease with high accuracy. The algorithm leverages existing health infrastructure and offers a cost-effective 'two for one' screening option.
New PET imaging agents show promise for detecting thyroid and neuroendocrine tumors, as well as reversing fibrosis in the heart. Researchers also explored tau PET scans for Alzheimer's detection and SSTR PET/CT for meningioma diagnosis. These advancements hold potential for improving cancer treatment and patient outcomes.
A new study using underwater cameras found the Isles of Scilly's waters support vibrant marine life including sharks, lobsters, and bluefin tuna. The cameras also revealed complex seabed habitats hosting high biodiversity, highlighting the importance of protecting these areas to restore degraded UK seas.
A new Virginia Tech study establishes a baseline for understanding dog behavior on a large scale, tracking trends in fear, attention, aggression, and trainability over four years. The research found that dogs are adaptable and not significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with some notable exceptions related to trainability.
Researchers develop an in-situ passivation strategy to overcome efficiency bottlenecks in thermally evaporated pure blue perovskite LEDs. The approach coordinates Pb(II) and suppresses halide-vacancy defects, achieving color-stable pure-blue emission with high luminance.
A study funded by the NIH found that acupuncture treatment significantly improved physical function and reduced pain in older adults with chronic low back pain, compared to usual medical care. The study showed a modest but positive effect of acupuncture on disability scores, anxiety symptoms, and pain intensity.
Researchers synthesized hybrid vitamin K analogues with enhanced neuroactive properties, exhibiting threefold greater potency in inducing neural progenitor cell differentiation compared to natural vitamin K. The compounds preserved vitamin K and retinoic acid's biological activity via the SXR and RAR receptors.
Researchers developed a new PET tracer that effectively identifies synapse loss in the spinal cord and brain after spinal cord injury. The study found reduced uptake of the tracer at the injury site and in the amygdala and cerebellum, suggesting potential for diagnosing and monitoring spinal cord injuries.
A new tool called Flexynesis uses deep neural networks to evaluate multi-modal data, enabling doctors to make better diagnoses and develop more precise treatment strategies for patients. The tool is designed to be flexible and accessible to non-experts, bridging the gap in precision cancer therapy.
A study published in eBioMedicine identified a specific immune response that controls Oropouche virus infections and prevents neurological damage. B cells produce antibodies quickly, helping to neutralize the virus and prevent its spread to the central nervous system.
Researchers have found a way to use antibodies to direct T cells to kill Cytomegalovirus-infected cells, offering an alternative treatment for life-threatening infections without expensive and side-effect-prone drugs.
The University of Texas at San Antonio has launched the College of AI, Cyber and Computing, which will serve over 5,000 students pursuing degrees in rapidly growing career fields. The college is positioned to advance technological education and research, with faculty securing major grants and launching industry partnerships.
A simple AI model has been shown to accurately assess the aggressiveness of squamous cell carcinoma, a common form of skin cancer. The study found that two clinical features - ulcerated and flat skin surfaces - were strongly associated with more aggressive tumor growth.
Researchers discovered that a collective of epithelial cells can work together to sense beyond their direct environment, up to 100 microns away. This new ability allows cancer cells to migrate and evade detection with enhanced precision, making it a potential target for therapy.
A complete plano-convex ingot made of a copper-zinc-tin-lead alloy has been discovered in Sweden, rewriting the history of the region. The unusual composition challenges the initial dating to the Bronze Age, instead suggesting an Iron Age origin.
Scientists have solved a mystery vexing biological chemists for over 30 years by determining 3D structures of blood clotting proteins using cryo-electron microscopy. The discovery sheds light on how the cascade of events that leads to blood clotting is triggered, with potential implications for anticoagulant drugs like Warfarin.
Researchers have developed a new platform for investigating tumor metastasis using CTC-derived organoids. These organoids provide an in-depth model for analyzing CTC behavior, including interactions with the tumor microenvironment and drug resistance mechanisms.
A cohort study found an association between parental diseases of despair and youth suicidal events, suggesting a potential underlying factor in the increase in adolescent suicidal behavior. Improved access to care for parents with these conditions may help reduce the adolescent suicide rate.
Researchers have developed a miniaturized microscope capable of real-time, high-resolution imaging of brain activity in mice. The device uses a novel neural network to reconstruct images in 3D and is nearly the size of a grape.
Kyoto University researchers successfully developed an entangled measurement method for the W state, enabling efficient identification of entangled states. The team used a photonic quantum circuit and demonstrated its feasibility with three-photon W states.
A new study by Scripps Research scientists reveals that a small midline brain region plays a key role in how animals learn to continue drinking to avoid withdrawal symptoms. This brain pathway is responsible for driving strong relapse behavior, making it a crucial target for developing new treatments for substance use disorders.
A randomized clinical trial found that acupuncture provided greater improvements in back pain-related disability compared to usual medical care alone. The study suggests that acupuncture needling is an effective and safe treatment option for older adults with chronic low back pain.
Scientists have developed a method to generate pseudomagnetic fields inside photonic crystals, allowing for arbitrary control of light flow. This technique enables high-speed data transmission and opens new possibilities for optical communications and quantum technologies.
Researchers found that nerves with a response to stimulation had a greater likelihood of recovering on their own, while those without a response had a low chance of functional recovery. The study uses intraoperative electrical nerve stimulation as a tool to distinguish between recoverable and non-recoverable nerve injuries.
Researchers have developed a liquid helium-cooled sample holder that allows scientists to maintain specimen temperatures as low as -423 degrees Fahrenheit for over 10 hours. This enables the study of how materials acquire properties useful in quantum computers, such as superconductivity and quantum computing capabilities.
Converting waste carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) into propanol offers a promising strategy for a sustainable energy future. Propanol has high energy density and is used in fuels, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, making it an attractive target for green synthesis.
A collaborative team from Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center has received a five-year, $2.9 million R01 grant and a competitive renewal of $3 million to explore therapies for ischemic stroke. The team aims to develop medications that mimic the brain's self-protective mechanisms.
A chemically modified STn glycoconjugate vaccine has been developed with enhanced antitumor immunity, demonstrating substantial resistance to enzymatic degradation and inducing potent T-cell responses. The vaccine induces functional antibodies capable of initiating both CDC and ADCC against STn-positive tumor cells.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a 'molecular magnifying glass' that allows them to visualize subtle environmental changes in proteins, which can indicate the earliest stages of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. This tool provides real-time monitoring of protein microenvironment changes in living cells.
Frontiers' unique initiative, Frontiers for Young Minds (FYM), was recognized with the prestigious ALPSP Impact Award for empowering young people in scientific discovery and publishing. The journal engages over 10,000 young reviewers and has been freely read 57 million times across 230 countries.
A Rutgers study found that participation in nonathletic clubs and volunteering in high school is linked to higher levels of altruism later in life. The study analyzed data from over 2,700 respondents and found that volunteer service ranked highest in predicting altruism.
The International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) has partnered with Translational Exercise Biomedicine (TEB), the first such collaboration in Asia. This partnership aims to enhance research publication, host co-branded events, and advance global advocacy for sports medicine.
Mizzou researchers have discovered a way to 'listen' to molecules moving faster than the speed of sound, using photoacoustic spectroscopy. This technique could help unravel mysteries of astrochemistry and offer clues about the universe's composition, star formation, and life origins.
Researchers suggest that interstellar objects like 3I/ATLAS could become seeds for giant planets, solving a long-standing puzzle about their rarity. By capturing millions of these objects, planetary formation can be sped up, allowing gas giants to form within the lifetime of the planet-forming disc.
A literature review highlights the importance of ditches in managing water resources, mitigating pollution, and anticipating environmental changes. Ditches can host unique ecosystems, feature rare species, and serve as sentinels for monitoring water quality and sea level rise.
A new study proposes using the Quintuple Aim as a national guiding framework to prioritize digital health skills in Canadian healthcare professionals. The proposed framework identifies core skills and emphasizes the need for practical, real-world assessments.
A cohort study found that childhood loneliness was associated with cognitive decline and increased dementia risk in later life. Early interventions may help promote lifelong cognitive health and reduce dementia risk.