Researchers have discovered that high-quality lignin can be extracted from cocoa pod husks and modified to have flame-retardant properties. The team's modified lignin biopolymer charred when heated but did not burn, suggesting its potential as a fire suppressant.
A study of 162 killer whales found that their diet played a significant role in contaminant levels and potential health risks. The researchers analyzed the animals' diets and found striking differences in legacy and emerging contaminant concentrations across the North Atlantic.
New study analyzes 'Mona Lisa' and 'Last Supper' paintings, finding rare plumbonacrite compound and lead oxide in ground layers. These discoveries suggest Da Vinci experimented with toxic materials on his palette.
Researchers found high levels of ultrashort PFAS compounds in human samples and indoor environments, suggesting they may be a significant source of exposure. The study's findings highlight the need for further investigation into the sources and health impacts of these emerging contaminants.
Researchers developed and characterized nitric oxide-storing MOFs embedded in polymers with novel antibacterial potential. The nickel and copper MOFs combined to create a composite material that achieved an optimal, two-stage NO delivery system.
Researchers have successfully mimicked plant power through artificial photosynthesis, producing methane from carbon dioxide and sunlight. The breakthrough could pave the way toward replacing nonrenewable fossil fuels with sustainable energy sources.
Researchers investigated the factors affecting water-based paint evaporation, revealing that pigment concentration and temperature impact pattern formation. The study found that lower pigment concentrations result in 'fried egg' patterns, while higher temperatures produce uniform distributions.
A team of researchers has developed a color-shifting coating inspired by the Namaqua chameleon's ability to regulate its body temperature. The coating can keep buildings cool in summer or warm in winter without additional energy, saving considerable amounts of energy for regions with multiple seasons.
Researchers have incorporated spent tea and coffee powders into sponge cakes to increase antioxidant activity and nutrient content. The fortified cakes showed improved shelf stability and reduced microbial growth, making them a potential way to recycle wasted products.
Researchers developed a 'lab-on-a-drone' system to detect and analyze pollutants like hydrogen sulfide gas. The device was used to track air quality at a wastewater treatment plant, providing real-time monitoring of smelly H2S gas concentrations.
Researchers found that shoreline spiders can move mercury pollution up the food chain to land animals like birds and bats. The study suggests these spiders can serve as a potential link between aquatic and terrestrial wildlife, informing management decisions.
Researchers found elevated soil lead levels in city parks that previously housed garbage incinerators and waste ash, with some levels exceeding EPA's threshold. The study provides insights into potential lead exposures for park visitors.
Researchers have developed a less invasive test for inflammatory bowel disease by analyzing the sugar molecules attached to antibodies. The study found distinct patterns of glycans on immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies between patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which could lead to a simple blood-based diagnostic test.
Researchers identified a protective protein whose level declines with sleep deprivation, leading to neuronal death. PTN levels could serve as an indicator of cognitive impairment resulting from insomnia.
A study by the American Chemical Society found that rubber plumbing seals can release additives into drinking water, including 1,3 diphenylguanidine and N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine. The leaked compounds can form unwanted byproducts, which may pose a human health risk.
Researchers found that fermented onions, specifically from the Allium family, produce compounds similar to those found in meats. The team used fungi to ferment various foods and identified flavor and odor chemicals, including bis(2-methyl-3-furyl) disulfide, a potent meaty scent.
Researchers have developed an electrochemical cell that can easily capture and release CO2, a major contributor to industrial emissions. The device operates at room temperature and requires less energy than traditional methods, making it a promising alternative for industries that struggle with electrification.
Researchers have developed a new method to adapt Ritalin to tackle cocaine abuse, overcoming a chemical hurdle that previously limited the potential of methylphenidate derivatives. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatment options for cocaine addiction.
Researchers found that nuclear weapon fallout from 60 to 80 years ago also contributes to the persistent radioactivity in German wild boars. The team measured cesium-137 levels and compared them to cesium-135 using a mass spectrometer, finding that nuclear weapons testing supplied between 10 and 68% of the contamination.
Researchers found human metabolites, pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and sunscreens in stream water, altering chemical and microbial fingerprint. Human recreation also stirred up sediments, raising metal concentrations and potentially affecting wildlife.
Scientists have designed catalyst-coated lampshades that transform indoor air pollutants into harmless compounds using waste heat from lamps. The technology targets volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which account for most indoor airborne pollutants, and has been shown to work with halogen and incandescent light bulbs.
Scientists have created iron oxide nanoparticles called 'smart rust' that can remove a range of contaminants from water, including oil, nano- and microplastics, and estrogen hormones. The particles are magnetic and can be easily removed with a magnet, making them a promising tool for improving water treatment.
Researchers have identified 21 key chemical compounds that make pandemic-era sourdoughs so uniquely sour. These compounds include salt, acetic acid, and lactic acid, which are produced during fermentation and contribute to the bread's distinctive taste and smell.
Glycosaminoglycans, complex sugars in the brain's extracellular matrix, regulate neural connectivity through sulfation patterns. This discovery could lead to treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders by manipulating these patterns.
Researchers compared microgreens and mature vegetables, finding differences in nutritional profiles and effects on gut bacteria. Both types of vegetables were shown to limit weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet, with potential benefits related to microbiome diversity.
Scientists have identified several bioactive compounds in aloe vera peels that deter insects from feasting on crops. These compounds could lead to the development of an environmentally friendly alternative for disposing of agricultural waste and creating additional revenue streams for aloe vera producers.
Researchers develop single-use nanoscale system that targets specific bacterium causing ear infections, eliminating most cases without antibiotic use. The system uses hypohalous acid similar to bleach and has shown promise in tests on chinchillas, with potential for future adaptation to prevent recurrent infections.
Researchers analyze ancient documents to shed light on the health of Vlad III, the legendary inspiration behind Count Dracula. The study reveals potential signs of respiratory problems and a condition that could have caused him to cry blood.
A team of researchers has identified four metabolism-related biomarkers associated with an increased risk of metastatic prostate cancer in men of West African heritage. These findings could lead to improved testing and treatments for patients.
Researchers have successfully transformed black soldier fly carcasses into degradable plastics through a process of extraction and purification. The resulting bioplastics can absorb water and potentially address drought situations, making them a promising solution for sustainable agriculture.
Researchers have developed a new approach for creating vegan seafood mimics that taste good while maintaining the healthful profile of real fish. They used 3D printing technology to create calamari rings from microalgae protein and mung bean protein, which were found to have an acceptable taste and promising texture properties.
A study analyzed over 100 period products for the presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a category of compounds linked to negative health outcomes. The researchers found that while PFAS are absent from many products, they may be accidentally or intentionally added to others.
Researchers have developed a proof-of-concept technique to attach nanomaterials to living tissue and cells using nanoimprint lithography. The method enables biocompatible integration of smart devices with living tissue, opening up opportunities for biohybrid materials, bionic devices and biosensors.
A new AI model, dubbed the 'ChatGPT Chemistry Assistant,' extracts relevant information from scientific papers on MOF syntheses. The tool predicts crystalline states of MOFs based on conditions extracted from texts.
Researchers have found that human milk oligosaccharides can stop common prenatal infections in human tissues and pregnant mice, potentially preventing preterm births. The sugars were tested against Group B streptococcus infection, reducing inflammation and bacterial numbers without the need for antibiotics.
A pilot study reveals microplastics in heart tissue samples from patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with evidence suggesting direct introduction during procedures. The findings suggest various microplastics can accumulate and persist in the heart's innermost tissues.
Researchers have developed a sensitive and selective nerve gas sensor using human scent receptors. The device reliably detected dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) in simulated tests, even at concentrations as low as 0.037 parts per billion.
Researchers developed a peptoid-based therapy that effectively inactivates three enveloped viruses, including Zika, Rift Valley fever and chikungunya virus, by disrupting their membranes. The approach targets specific lipids, allowing for preferential attack on the invader rather than the host.
Researchers have developed a new method to remove harmful algal blooms by coating a floating sponge in charcoal-like powder. The technique successfully destroyed over 85% of algal cells, including toxin-producing cyanobacteria, without generating unwanted products.
Researchers discovered how pasteurization and sterilization impact a drink made from coconut and rice. The starches in the rice flour gelatinized, producing a darker color and stickier fluid. Acidities increased, with fewer sugars, altering the taste.
Researchers at the University of Tennessee have developed a vegan way to prevent freezer burn and ice damage by breaking down soy proteins into peptides that slow ice crystal growth. The study, published in ACS Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, shows promise for preserving frozen vegan foods.
Researchers developed a portable electrochemical device that can detect five genetic variations associated with increased osteoporosis risk in finger-prick blood samples. The test is quick (15 minutes), inexpensive (<$0.5 per SNP) and offers great potential for point-of-care settings.
Researchers found that compounds in espresso, such as caffeine and trigonelline, can inhibit tau protein aggregation, a process linked to Alzheimer's. The study suggests potential benefits for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have identified a unique role for certain immune receptors in leprosy infections, which could lead to new treatments. The study found that targeting a specific glycolipid and its interaction with an immune receptor may offer an alternative approach to current antibiotic-heavy treatment.
Researchers have developed a new therapy that disrupts prostate cancer cell metabolism and releases cisplatin, causing cells to die. In mouse models, the treatment shrunk tumors substantially, with no peripheral neuropathy or weight loss.
Researchers assessed air quality after a freight train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, finding hazardous gases like acrolein reached dangerous levels. The study highlights the importance of complementary stationary and mobile air-quality assessment techniques to ensure public safety during cleanup activities.
Researchers have developed a saliva collection system using lollipops that can capture bacteria from adults and remain shelf-stable for up to a year. Participants preferred the lollipop-based method over conventional collection systems, finding it less gag-inducing and more sanitary.
Researchers have developed a soft film that can regulate its transparency across visible, infrared, and microwave wavelengths simultaneously. The material's ability to modify its transparency rapidly could benefit dynamic camouflage technologies and adaptive personal devices.
Researchers found that larger champagne bottles retain gas substantially better, with 3-liter bottles lasting up to 132 years. The study estimated a shelf life of 40 years for standard 750-milliliter bottles and developed a formula to calculate a bottle's shelf life based on its size.
Research published in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry shows that unroasted, 'raw' chocolate features compounds responsible for fruity flavors and sour tastes. Volatile flavor compounds were more pronounced in the roasted samples, but others with fruity or flowery aromas remained noticeable.