A research team has found the first evolutionary branching for bilateral animals, resolving a long-standing debate about a group of ancient flatworms called Acoelomorpha. The study reveals that Acoelomorpha is a sister clade to other bilateral animals, providing key insights into the most recent common ancestor.
Gilad Barnea will use the funding to develop a method for selectively monitoring the activation of each of the five dopamine receptors in the brain without interference from others. This could lead to more targeted treatments for mental illnesses and diseases such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson's disease.
Brown University researchers have discovered that yttrium and nickel, two metal catalysts used to form carbon nanotubes, interfere with critical signaling transactions in neurons. Removing these metals can lead to the development of safe treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and paralysis.
Scientists at Brown University have completed a study mapping variations in epigenomic structure using over 200 human tissue samples. The research reveals wide epigenetic variation linked to aging and smoking, which may increase susceptibility to diseases like cancer.
Researchers discovered that Candida albicans, a human fungal pathogen, engages in same-sex mating alongside traditional opposite-sex mating. This finding expands understanding of sex mechanisms in microbial species and suggests increased opportunities for sex in natural populations.
The Center for Restorative and Regenerative Medicine at Brown University has secured a new $7-million funding round from the VA to continue its work on restoring arm and leg function to amputees. Researchers will focus on developing biohybrid limbs, improving prosthetics, and rehabilitating veterans with limb trauma.
Researchers found that adult fruit flies died after being exposed to carbon nanoparticles, while larvae showed no effects. The particles seemed to cause physical harm, such as clogging breathing holes and coating compound eyes.
Researchers found that three genes affect dopamine function in the brain, predicting approach and avoidance behaviors, as well as exploratory decision-making. These findings may help shape future treatments for conditions like Parkinson's disease.
Researchers from Brown University and Harvard School of Public Health found that Brazil's efforts to treat people living with HIV/AIDS using generic medicines saved the country over $1 billion. The study also showed that the country was able to contain the virus, minimize its spread, and provide treatment to over 660,000 Brazilians.
New research shows that pannes in New England salt marshes are sensitive to temperature increases and may be driven to local and regional extinction. The plants in these waterlogged zones respond by growing more initially but then dying off, making way for invasive species like Spartina patens.
Brown University political scientist Ross Cheit disputes a 2006 Harvard University psychiatric contest on repressed memory, arguing that the methodology was flawed and no data correction was issued after discovering a pre-1800 literary example fulfilling the criteria
A new study by Brown University researchers found that the left inferior frontal sulcus brain area processes both phonetic sounds and decision-making tasks. The findings suggest that this region of the brain is a shared resource used for categorizing language and non-language items.
Scientists have developed a nano-sized agent that kills bacteria on implanted devices by penetrating their defensive wall and eliminating the threat. The discovery holds promise for treating infected implants with no effective antidote.
The BrainGate2 pilot clinical trial is taking place at Massachusetts General Hospital, extending prior safety and feasibility research of the BrainGate Neural Interface System. The trial aims to help patients with spinal cord injury, stroke, muscular dystrophy, ALS, or limb loss turn their thoughts into actions.
A Brown University professor has won a federal research grant to investigate the effectiveness of topiramate in reducing marijuana addiction among high-school students. The two-year study aims to enroll 60 adolescent males and females and assess the drug's tolerability and efficacy.
Researchers have found a new proxy to study the nitrogen cycle, revealing that humans have disrupted it by altering the amount of nitrogen stored in the biosphere. The team traced the source of nitrates to nitric oxides released through fossil fuel burning and found significant changes between 1950 and 1980.
Researchers found actinic keratoses can lead to squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, with two-thirds of patients tracing their cancers back to the lesions. The study also showed that actinic keratoses come and go, making prevention crucial.
Researchers created a mathematical formula that incorporated equations describing tumor evolution and growth, predicting oxygen consumption rates and cell growth. The computational model was validated with human brain tumor samples and successfully mimicked natural biological tumors.
Researchers found that sending tailored nutrition materials through mail can significantly improve dietary habits, especially among less educated consumers. The study showed greater increases in vegetable and fruit consumption and reductions in fat intake among those receiving personalized guidance.
A new study from Brown University found that statewide weight loss competitions can be an effective way to promote weight loss in large numbers of people. The study, which evaluated the Shape Up Rhode Island 2007 program, showed that individuals who increased their activity levels achieved the best weight losses.
A recent study by Brown University and the Wildlife Trust found that US wildlife imports are fragmented and insufficiently coordinated, failing to accurately list over four in five species entering the country. This lack of regulation poses significant risks to human health, food supply chains, and ecosystems.
Infertility has serious consequences for women in Nigeria, particularly those with patrilineal descent structures. In Amakiri, infertile women face marginal living conditions and limited social status.
Physicists at Brown University have introduced a novel procedure to sequence human genomes by slowing down the DNA's movement through openings using magnets. This approach allows multiple segments of a DNA strand to be threaded simultaneously through numerous tiny pores, enabling accurate reading of base pairs.
A study by Brown University researchers found that nursing homes serving primarily Hispanic residents provided poorer quality care, including higher rates of bed sores. The study looked at data from California, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, and Colorado and found disparities in care related to racial segregation.
New Brown University research suggests nicotine interferes with multiple cellular interactions, potentially developing new treatments for various diseases. The study identified 55 proteins interacting with the alpha-7 nicotinic receptor, which may have broader roles in the body than previously thought.
A Brown University-led team has documented the unique landing approaches of three bat species, including a tree-roosting bat that executes a four-point landing and two cave-roosting bats that perform a two-point landing. The study sheds new light on how bats evolved and could provide insights into their widespread success.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a novel approach to creating palladium nanoparticles with increased surface area, resulting in improved efficiency and stability. The breakthrough enables the production of fuel cell catalysts that are four times more stable and twice as active, making them ideal for future applications.
Researchers at Brown University have created a novel system where robots can follow humans at a precise distance without special clothing or environments. The team used computer programs and depth-imaging cameras to recognize human gestures and respond accordingly.
Researchers at Brown University have created a twin nanoparticle that specifically targets Her-2-positive breast cancer cells, releasing chemotherapy drugs into the infected cells. The system successfully killed up to 80% of cancer cells in laboratory tests.
Researchers at Brown University have contributed to the observation of single top quarks, one of the building blocks of matter. This rare event allows scientists to understand top quark properties better.
A recent study by Brown University researchers has found a gully fan system on Mars that formed about 1.25 million years ago, indicating melt water from nearby snow and ice deposits. The discovery extends the time water may have been active on Mars, adding to evidence of a recent ice age.
A Brown University study found that the frontal lobe controls decision-making along a continuum from abstract to concrete, with damage affecting higher-level functions but not lower ones. The research suggests specific areas of the frontal cortex are required for different levels of abstract decision-making.
A Brown University researcher has developed a user-friendly guide for doctors and patients on choosing high-quality hospice care. The guide emphasizes the importance of
A Brown University research team has discovered a novel Fragile X granule in the brain that could serve as a target for future autism treatments. The finding opens a new line of research into potential treatments for autism, a neurological disorder that affects social interaction and communication.
Researchers at Brown University have successfully grown and assembled living microtissues into complex three-dimensional structures, advancing tissue engineering. The breakthrough could eventually reduce the need for certain kinds of animal research, with implications for basic cell biology, drug discovery, and tissue research.
Researchers discovered a way to reduce free radicals and oxidative damage in genetically altered fruit flies, leading to increased lifespan. The finding could lead to the development of new anti-aging treatments without genetic manipulation.
Researchers developed a measurement system and protocol to train Caucasian subjects to recognize different African American faces, reducing implicit racial bias. The training improved ability to tell apart individual African-American faces and increased positive associations with African-American faces.
Researchers discover that individuals with low-activity MAOA gene display higher levels of aggression in response to provocation, particularly when faced with significant financial loss. The study suggests genetic influences on aggression and punishment behavior, questioning the altruistic punisher theory.
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of TIGAR, an enzyme that helps regulate energy production in cells. The discovery may lead to earlier cancer detection or preventative treatments.
A Brown University-led research team has created a genetic model that charts the internal and external signals guiding plant flowering across its native climate range. The model accurately predicts how plants will respond to environmental cues and can be used to understand how plants will adapt to future climate conditions.
A new study found that when the price of mental health services is equivalent to primary care co-payments, more people will seek follow-up care after an initial hospitalization for a mental illness. This leads to improved quality of care and reduced costs.
A Brown University research team has discovered carbonates, a long-sought mineral that suggests Mars had neutral to alkaline waters and potentially hospitable environments for primitive life. The findings, published in Science, indicate that Mars may have had 'just right' conditions for life to thrive.
Five Brown University faculty, including neuroscientist David Berson and brain scientist John Donoghue, have been elected as fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. They were recognized for their contributions to various fields, including visual neuroscience, marine ecology, and cell biology.
Researchers Louis Putterman and David N. Weil introduce the World Migration Matrix, showing how ancestral origins explain most of the world's income inequality, with European roots accounting for 44% of current GDP differences.
A Brown University researcher has discovered that men tend to have more reddish skin and greenish skin is more common for women. The finding has important implications in cognitive science research and potential industry applications in facial recognition technology and advertising.
The team aims to create a visual archaeological database (VAD) to transform the documentation process of excavations. Using video cameras, digital scanning stations, and computer vision, they will analyze and reconstruct artifacts from the Apollonia-Arsuf site in Israel.
Researchers have identified a set of genes responsible for producing the deadly toxin botrydial in gray mold, and found that shutting off this gene can stop toxin production. The discovery offers hope for finding natural ways to eliminate gray mold without using expensive fungicides.
Researchers found that women were surprised and puzzled by the number of contaminants detected in their homes, despite growing awareness of environmental pollution. The study highlights the need for sociologists to collaborate with life scientists to examine the personal experience of environmental problems.
Researchers at Brown University have studied the swimming patterns of Caulobacter crescentus, a single-celled bacterium with a flagellum. The study reveals that drag and Brownian motion govern the circular swimming patterns of the microbe, which helps explain how bacteria scavenge for food and adhere to surfaces.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a computer program that can accurately map the human body's shape from digital images or video. The new technology allows for the creation of realistic 3-D body shapes without requiring people to stand still in minimal clothing.