Review examines the extent of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses
A review reveals prevalent antimicrobial resistance in horse bacteria, particularly E. coli, with emerging multidrug resistance posing a huge challenge for society.
Wiley
High levels of physical activity may worsen asthma control in young females
A study published in Respirology found that high levels of physical activity may worsen asthma control in young females, but not males. The research highlights the importance of considering physical activity when treating asthma in highly active females.
Presence of female executives may negatively impact other women aspiring to senior leadearship
Researchers analyzed 20 years of data on S\¼P 1,500 firms and found that a firm's efforts to promote gender diversity in management may need to redouble once initial progress is made. This could result in women remaining an isolated minority in top management.
How new technologies will impact the engineering of biological systems
Recent genome engineering and gene editing breakthroughs will significantly impact biological system engineering, enabling more efficient production of drugs and other important products. Dr. Ryan Gill discusses the future directions and funding needs in the field.
Flowers that point to the sky may attract more moth pollinators
Researchers studied two plant species, Zaluzianskya natalensis and Z. microsiphon, finding that flowers pointing upwards were more attractive to hawkmoths than those pointing sideways.
Fossil discovery shows that three previously recognized species are in fact just one
Researchers have discovered a mouse-sized mammal fossil dating back to the Middle Jurassic, which belonged to a single species of 'stem therian' mammal. The new findings indicate that three previously recognized species are actually one, providing novel information about early mammal evolution.
Gene variant may increase risk of liver disease in obese youth
A genetic variant has been found to increase the risk of fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents, despite lower total and LDL cholesterol levels. The variant affects the TM6SF2 protein, which regulates fat metabolism in the liver.
Long-term effects of common pesticides on aquatic species
Research reveals that pesticide mixtures negatively affect snail and crustacean populations, even at sublethal levels, and populations exposed to low concentrations may be more sensitive to other environmental stressors
Insights into the evolution of praying mantis camouflage
Researchers discovered two evolutionary shifts in praying mantis camouflage, with a recent shift triggered by the re-evolution of important leg lobes. This suggests that developmental mechanisms controlling crypsis features may be more ancient than the species themselves.
Living liver donors satisfied with donation process says study
A study of living liver donors found that most donors were highly satisfied with the donation process and reported improved health outcomes. The study's results suggest that living liver donation is a positive experience for donors, with 97% indicating they would donate again.
New study finds financial incentives to help pregnant women stop smoking are highly cost-effective
A new study found that financial incentives significantly increase engagement with stop-smoking services and improve quitting rates among pregnant smokers. The report's findings support the use of these incentives as a sound investment in public health, particularly in high-income countries.
Bacterial defense systems have numerous clinical and research applications
CRISPR-Cas systems recognize and cut genetic elements from invaders, protecting bacteria. They hold potential for treating bacterial infections, developing probiotics, and designing microbial factories.
Research is lacking on marijuana's effects in patients with rheumatic diseases
A new review found scant scientific evidence supporting cannabinoid use in rheumatic diseases, citing only four small studies with limited information. Rheumatologists cannot recommend cannabinoids as a therapeutic option due to high side effects and limited long-term efficacy data.
Could solar eclipses disrupt electricity in Germany?
A recent study suggests that solar eclipses will have a minimal effect on Germany's photovoltaic systems and electrical supply. During the shadowing period, there may be temporary drops in power generation but the overall impact is expected to be limited.
Meat -- and how it's cooked -- may impact kidney cancer risk
A new study links high-temperature cooking of red and white meat to increased risk of kidney cancer, citing the presence of carcinogenic compounds such as PhIP and MeIQx. The study suggests that reducing meat consumption, especially when cooked at high temperatures, may help mitigate this risk.
New vital sign monitoring system may improve care for hospitalized patients
A newly designed vital sign monitoring system reduces unnecessary alarms and increases patient safety in medical units. The system provides continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration rate, with 92% of nurses agreeing it is suitable.
Researchers provide detailed genetic information on fish
Scientists have generated genome-scale sequence information for the fathead minnow, a commonly used model organism in environmental toxicology studies. The new data will enhance the understanding of complex traits and biological pathways affected by environmental toxins.
Antiepileptic drugs may progressively impair balance
Antiepileptic drugs may progressively impair balance in patients, increasing the risk of falls and related injuries. Long-term use can lead to significant changes in balance function over time.
Premature ejaculation isn't a true illness
A new review questions whether premature ejaculation is an illness, citing false assumptions and influence from drug companies. The authors suggest that physiology of ejaculation and orgasm remains intact in men with premature ejaculation.
Study examines factors that may contribute to hypersexuality
Hypersexuality correlated with sexual boredom and erectile dysfunction in a study of Croatian and German men. Therapies for hypersexual men may include sex therapy principles to enhance erectile functioning and address sexual boredom.
Fireworks are fun but can reduce atmospheric visibility
Fireworks can cause a 25% reduction in visibility due to atmospheric particulate matter, raising concerns for motorist and pedestrian safety. Improved forecasting of visibility degradation is expected thanks to the research.
Sexual dysfunction is prevalent among recently deployed veterans
A recent study found nearly 18% of returning veterans experience sexual functioning difficulties, with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder being major contributing factors. The study's authors emphasize the need for easy access to effective care and open discussion of sexual health concerns among veterans.
Study examines issues related to prenatal detection of trisomies
A new study suggests using contingent screening could detect higher proportions of affected pregnancies, but parental choices limit its impact. Only 60% of women considered high-risk after standard first-trimester screening choose cfDNA testing, resulting in a limited effect on live births with trisomy 21.
Restoring testosterone rather than replacing it helps safeguard a man's fertility
Researchers have discovered that a drug restoring natural testosterone production has no negative effect on sperm count, unlike traditional testosterone replacement therapy. This approach could change the way men are treated for low testosterone, potentially preserving fertility.
A cancer diagnosis can lead to significant income losses for families
A new analysis reveals that cancer diagnoses lead to significant declines in employment probability, hours worked, and income for American adults. Working-age men experience the most pronounced effects, with annual labor market earnings dropping by almost 40% within two years after diagnosis.
DNA test for Down's syndrome on the NHS could save lives
A recent study suggests that offering pregnant women a DNA test for Down's syndrome on the NHS could reduce the number of invasive tests and potentially save lives. The 'cell-free' DNA test has been found to be highly reliable and can be easily incorporated into routine clinical care within the NHS.
Breastfeeding difficulties may increase risk of postnatal depression
A recent study found that stopping breastfeeding due to pain or physical difficulties increases the risk of postnatal depression. The study suggests investing in support systems to enable women to breastfeed successfully.
YouTube videos on peripheral nerve pain may misguide patients
Researchers found that YouTube videos on peripheral neuropathy were often misleading, with alternative medicine being the most frequently cited treatment. Only a minority of treatment discussions were based on recommendations from the American Academy of Neurology.
Study examines the effects of childhood trauma on later sexual well-being
A study examining childhood trauma on sexual well-being found that men reported significantly higher prevalence of sexual concerns and dysfunctional behavior compared to women. The research highlights the importance of investigating sexuality in later life to improve therapy for trauma patients.
High-fat diet may cause changes in the brain that lead to anxiety and depression
A new mouse study reveals that high-fat diets can lead to anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as measurable brain changes. The study also found that completely reversing the diet improved metabolic impairments and reduced anxious symptoms.
Low quality of life and depression may contribute to erectile dysfunction in men with sleep apnea
A study of 713 male patients with sleep apnea found a clear link between low quality of life due to sleep problems and erectile dysfunction. Psychological interventions may help improve the sexual health of these men.
Boosting levels of a key growth factor may help prevent cardiovascular disease
Low SCF levels are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and more severe atherosclerosis in patients with atherosclerosis. Smoking and diabetes can negatively impact the reparative capacity of cells responsible for blood vessel repair.
Hearing aids may help keep hearing-impaired older adults mentally sharp
A study of 137 older adults found that hearing loss was linked to accelerated cognitive decline. However, participants who used hearing aids showed reduced declines in cognitive function over a 25-year period compared to those without hearing aids.
Wind turbines may reduce breeding success of white-tailed eagles
Large-scale wind power generation can reduce breeding success of white-tailed eagles by causing collision mortality. Preventive measures are needed to protect vulnerable species and ensure sustainable energy production.
Gout risk high in patients with sleep apnea
A new study shows that patients with sleep apnea are at a higher risk of developing gout. The incidence rate of gout was found to be 60% higher among those with sleep apnea compared to similar-weight comparators.
How wind might impact birds' migration routes
A study using 21 years of global wind data found that following optimal routes reduces travel time by 26.5% and increases survival rates. This suggests migratory routes may be under strong natural selection, with potential evolutionary advantages.
The alcohol industry is not meeting its 'Responsibility Deal' labeling pledges
A new study found that the signatories to the Public Health Responsibility Deal alcohol labelling pledge are not fully meeting their pledge. Labelling information frequently falls short of best practice, including poor legibility and clarity.
The dilemma of screening for prostate cancer
Primary care providers should screen men aged 45 and older with a digital rectal exam (DRE) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. If the patient is asymptomatic, a 5-year screening interval may be considered.
Cancer survivors often have poor diets, which can affect their long-term health
A study of 1533 cancer survivors revealed poor adherence to dietary guidelines, with lower intakes of fiber, vitamins, and minerals, but higher intakes of empty calories. Diet quality improved with age and education level.
Trends in travel over 5 decades: We're traveling farther but not more often
Total travel trips and time spent on journeys have remained stable since 1965, but increased distances traveled have nearly doubled, according to the National Travel Survey. The data suggests that investment in transport and car use have expanded employment and leisure opportunities for women and older people.
Africa faces rising rates of traumatic brain injury
African countries face a significant burden of traumatic brain injury, with the majority resulting from motor vehicle accidents. Developing accurate surveillance systems and public health measures is crucial to reducing the risk and impact of TBI.
Women with knee osteoarthritis experience greater pain sensitivity than men
Research reveals women with knee osteoarthritis have greater sensitivity to pain stimuli, such as heat and cold, and widespread pain. This study's findings may inform treatment strategies for both men and women.
Study shows the effects of rare autoimmune diseases on the health of pregnant women and their babies
Pregnant women with rare autoimmune diseases face higher risks of hypertensive disorders, bleeding complications, and preterm births. Infants born to these mothers are also at increased risk of life-threatening conditions, emphasizing the importance of close prenatal care.
Good communication in the operating room prevents patient complications
Effective communication among surgical teams is linked to lower risk of surgical site infections, while irrelevant communication increases the risk. Relevant communication facilitates team coordination and minimizes distractions.
What's in store 5 decades following childhood-onset epilepsy?
A 45-year study of 179 individuals with childhood-onset epilepsy found that patients attain excellent seizure outcomes, but often exhibit abnormal neurologic signs. These signs may be a risk factor for future stroke and cognitive impairment, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and care.
Cryptic invasions by ecological engineers conceal profound changes in nature
A new study found that introduced salt marsh plants, like Spartina alterniflora, have caused significant shifts in ecosystem productivity and biodiversity over the past 200 years. These changes were likely hidden from scientists due to the 'ecological mirage' phenomenon, where our perception of nature can be illusory.
Many women experience 'post-sex blues'
A study published in Sexual Medicine found that postcoital dysphoria affects 46% of women, leading to feelings of melancholy or depression. The study also revealed a relationship between negative emotions and potential evolutionary functions.
How health professionals help and hinder eradication of female genital mutilation
Healthcare workers play a crucial role in combating female genital mutilation (FGM), with nurses and midwives being key to detecting and protecting at-risk children. However, lack of education, awareness, and protocols can hinder efforts to eradicate FGM.
In-person contact is critical to seniors' mental well-being
A recent study highlights the importance of in-person social connections for preventing depression in older adults. Individuals without regular face-to-face interactions had a significantly higher risk of developing depressive symptoms.
Opioid misuse continues to dominate for treatment use, spread of disease & drug-related deaths
Opioid misuse is a major burden on the European drug treatment system, with a decline in new heroin treatment clients since 2007. Drug injection remains a key driver of HIV transmission and overdose deaths, particularly among older users. New psychoactive substances are increasingly reported, posing a growing concern for public health.