Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at UC San Diego found that neonatal nicotine exposure changes the biochemistry of the reward circuitry in mice brains, increasing their preference for nicotine in later adulthood. This study suggests a potential mechanism for how early life exposure to nicotine may contribute to addiction later in life.
Researchers found that doctors were as accurate in estimating patients' adherence as patients were in reporting their medication habits. Developing a medication routine or habit can lessen the risk of forgetting medication. The study aims to provide insights for doctors to effectively identify and address barriers to medication adherence.
A recent study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that about 3% of brigatinib patients experience shortness of breath within hours of starting the drug. However, with appropriate supportive care, most patients can rapidly build tolerance and continue on the drug without incident.
A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that CBD significantly reduced craving and anxiety induced by drug cues in individuals with heroin use disorder. The study also revealed that CBD tended to reduce physiological measures of stress reactivity, such as increased heart rate and cortisol levels.
A new study found that IVUS-guided drug-eluting stent implantation significantly reduces target vessel failure and improves quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients. The treatment approach was compared to traditionally used angiography-guidance, showing better outcomes at the 12-month mark.
Patients with severe eosinophilic asthma continued to experience fewer exacerbations and improved pulmonary function with long-term benralizumab treatment. The BORA study found that the risk of infection did not increase over time, and long-term use was well-tolerated.
A new study by Intermountain Healthcare introduces the Summit Score, a computer-calculated system that predicts COPD patient outcomes with higher accuracy. The score takes into account various risk factors and can help doctors plan and administer better patient care.
In a Phase 2 trial, RTB101 reduced the incidence of respiratory tract infections by 68.9% in adults with asthma over 16 weeks. The therapy was well-tolerated and effective during winter cold and flu season.
Researchers used big data to identify four distinct subtypes of sepsis, each with unique clinical characteristics and treatment needs. These findings could lead to the development of precision medicine approaches for sepsis treatment, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Exposure to environmental pollutants alters brain development, affecting sexual development and fertility for multiple generations. Research suggests that current levels of endocrine-disrupting chemicals may already be causing long-lasting harm.
A National Institutes of Health-sponsored clinical trial found that light sedation and intermittent neuromuscular blockade is as effective as deep sedation and continuous paralysis in improving survival rates for ICU patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The trial, which involved over 1,000 patients across North Ame...
Researchers developed a blood test that measures tumor DNA, allowing for early detection of treatment response in patients with stage III or IV melanoma. The study found that the test detected BRAF mutations in 93% of patients before treatment and showed improved survival rates for those whose tumors shrunk after targeted therapy.
A meta-analysis found that removing all tumor tissue reduces the risk of cancer recurrence in dogs by 60%. The study, published in Veterinary and Comparative Oncology, analyzed data from 10 studies involving 278 dogs with soft tissue sarcoma.
A meta-analysis found that inappropriate prescribing in primary care is associated with emergency room visits, adverse drug events, and functional decline. The study highlights the need for effective interventions to address this issue and its impact on older adults' quality of life.
Researchers found simvastatin helped delay disability worsening and slow brain atrophy in people with secondary progressive MS. The study suggests statins may have independent effects on the disease, beyond cholesterol lowering.
The LATITUDE study evaluates the effectiveness of a combination of two experimental injectable formulations of antiretroviral drugs in managing HIV infection. Volunteers will receive either conventional oral ART or long-acting injectable therapies, with the goal of achieving durable viral suppression and improved treatment adherence.
Researchers are conducting a multi-center study to determine which medication, azithromycin or roflumilast, is more effective in reducing the risk of death and hospitalization in people with COPD. The clinical trial will enroll over 3,000 patients at 30 centers across the US.
A study by Fertility Centers of Illinois found that children conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART) achieve similar developmental milestones as those conceived naturally, with a slight advantage at 12 months. The study analyzed data from over 1,800 parents and showed no significant impact on childhood development.
A new study published in The Lancet has identified levetiracetam as a safe and effective alternative to phenytoin for treating convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children. The trial, conducted by the EcLiPSE Team, involved over 300 children and found that levetiracetam may be considered as an alternative treatment to phenytoin.
A QUT analysis of studies on attitudes towards medicinal cannabis found that health professionals are broadly supportive but concerned about psychiatric harm and misuse. They also lack knowledge across all aspects, including pharmacology and legislation.
A recent survey reveals that nearly half of the public incorrectly believes heart failure is a normal part of aging, highlighting low awareness among both patients and the general public. Exercise has been found to be beneficial for patients with heart failure, with over half recognizing its potential as a treatment option.
The PARTNER 3 Low-Risk TAVR Trial found that TAVR significantly reduces the incidence of adverse events and re-hospitalizations compared to SAVR in low-risk surgical patients. After one year, these benefits were maintained, with improved ICU and hospital stay lengths.
A meta-analysis of 46 trials found soy protein reduces LDL cholesterol, supporting its inclusion as a heart-healthy food option. Researchers hope their findings inform the FDA's evaluation of soy protein.
Researchers have successfully lowered levels of mutant huntingtin protein in patients with Huntington disease, making the treatment safe and well-tolerated. The trial enrolled 46 patients and found significant decreases in disease-causing protein levels without serious adverse reactions.
A new study demonstrates the safety of a potential treatment for ischemia-reperfusion injury in human lung transplant patients, showing no dose-limiting toxicities or 30-day mortality. The treatment, Regadenoson, has the potential to improve survival rates and quality of life for lung transplant recipients.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that eculizumab significantly reduced the risk of relapse in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Nearly 98% of patients treated with eculizumab had not relapsed after 48 weeks, compared to 63% for those on the placebo.
A new study investigates potential botanical-drug interactions (BDIs) with Boswellia serrata extract, a widely used anti-inflammatory supplement. The study compared two in vitro methods and found that the sandwich-cultured human hepatocyte model is a more accurate predictor of BDIs.
A new drug combination of gentamicin and azithromycin shows promising results in treating treatment-resistant gonorrhoea, with a cure rate of 91% compared to 98% for the current ceftriaxone treatment. The study suggests that gentamicin could be used as an alternative for patients who are allergic or intolerant to ceftriaxone.
Top doctor David Nutt and mother of Alfie Dingley Hannah Deacon argue that many children are still not getting the treatment they need. Despite a law change in 2018, access to medical cannabis remains slow due to lack of training, fear of prescribing off licence, and difficulties obtaining supplies.
A vaccine combining a fentanyl antigen with tetanus toxoid has been shown to reduce fentanyl choices and increase food choices in rats, with effects lasting several months. The findings suggest the vaccine may decrease dangerous drug-taking behavior and increase healthier behaviors.
A study found that poor sense of smell is associated with a 46% higher mortality rate at year 10 and 30% higher mortality rate at year 13 compared to those with good olfaction. The association could not be explained by demographic characteristics, lifestyle, or comorbid conditions.
A clinical trial found liraglutide, an existing adult diabetes medication, effectively treats Type 2 diabetes in children. The study showed a significant reduction in A1C levels and improvements in glycated hemoglobin levels, offering new treatment options for this age group.
A new SGLT2 inhibitor medication has been shown to significantly slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with diabetes. The CREDENCE trial demonstrated a 34% reduction in the risk of end-stage kidney disease, as well as improved cardiovascular outcomes.
Stroke survivors are at up to four times greater risk of osteoporosis, bone breaks, and falls. Despite this, less than one-third of older women in the US are screened for osteoporosis.
A roadside survey found that nearly one in seven drivers with children in the car tested positive for THC, highlighting the need for better roadside testing for THC. The study also showed that drivers with children were less likely to test positive for THC than those without children.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum found that administering cortisol after exposure therapy does not reinforce positive outcomes in anxiety disorders. The study, which tested arachnophobics, showed that patients who received cortisol were more likely to relapse when encountering a spider in a different context.
Researchers discover that inhibiting neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, can prevent blood clots in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. The study found that two drugs, CGS21680 and dipyridamole, reduced the formation of sticky structures called NETs that trigger blood clots.
A Phase II trial led by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reports a 90% response rate for patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) treated with tagraxofusp. The treatment was effective regardless of prior therapy, and survival rates were relatively high at 59% and 52% at 18 and 24 months, respe...
A clinical trial has shown that targeted therapy tagraxofusp is effective in treating blastic plasmacytoid dendritic-cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare and aggressive blood cancer. The therapy, which targets the CD123 protein, has been approved by the FDA for use in BPDCN patients.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can identify genetic faults in cancer patients' blood, enabling clinicians to select targeted treatment options. The study showed that 11 out of 100 patients were successfully matched with molecularly matched clinical trials.
A new experimental compound inhibits clot formation without raising the risk of bleeding, providing an effective and safer alternative to current therapies. The study found that the drug is well-tolerated at high doses and has a rapid, specific, and reversible action on platelets.
The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) has approved $44.6 million to fund studies comparing the best ways to treat health conditions that impose high burdens on patients, caregivers, and the healthcare system. The newly approved awards focus on improving treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), with a total of four aw...
A recent study by Georgetown University Medical Center found that only a quarter of PCORI-funded trials between 2015-2018 examined primary care, while specialty care received the majority funding. The study's authors argue that this is wasteful, as most healthcare is accessed within primary care settings.
Researchers developed a novel bioelectronic treatment that significantly reduces swelling and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation treatment inhibits the production of cytokines, proteins that mediate inflammation.
A study found that metformin reduces left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in prediabetic and pre-existing heart disease patients, leading to lower cardiovascular risks. The MET-REMODEL Trial showed significant benefits of metformin on LVH, blood pressure, oxidative stress, and body weight.
A landmark clinical trial shows that canagliflozin lowers the risk of kidney failure by 30% in people with Type 2 diabetes and kidney disease. The study also found a significant reduction in cardiovascular events, providing a promising new treatment option for patients at high risk.
Research finds increased indicators of despair, including depression and suicidal ideation, among Gen X-ers in their late 30s and early 40s, regardless of demographic group.
Researchers found a link between prostate medicines and increased risk of type 2 diabetes in men taking 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Men on these medications should be monitored for warning signs of diabetes and have their prescriptions adjusted if necessary.
Scientists discovered that providing rodents with more space, exercise and toys before a spinal cord injury can 'prime' their cells, making it more likely for damaged nerves to regenerate. Researchers also found a key molecule called CREB-Binding Protein (CBP) that may be effectively reprogramming nerve cells.
A new study published in Addiction found that medication treatment for opioid use disorder significantly reduces the risk of arrest and incarceration. The research, led by UMass Amherst public health scientist Elizabeth Evans, used data from a large randomized clinical trial to compare the effects of two medications on social outcomes.
Researchers have identified a common species of seaweed, Laminaria ochroleuca, as a rich source of bacteria with antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The study reveals that extracts from these Actinobacteria inhibited growth of various pathogens and showed selective anticancer activity.
A study by ISGlobal identifies West African regions where treating livestock with ivermectin can significantly impact malaria transmission. The analysis highlights the potential of this strategy to reduce malaria prevalence among children under 10 years of age and improve community health.
A meta-analysis of international studies found that anti-inflammatory medicine can have a beneficial effect on symptoms of depression. Six different medications showed an antidepressant effect, and the results were present when compared to a placebo in patients with physical diseases and depressive symptoms.
A study found that heart failure patients are more likely to use the medication ivabradine when it is prescribed before hospital discharge. This can lead to a reduction in heart rate and improved outcomes. However, adoption of the therapy has been slow due to high cost and provider lack of familiarity.
Researchers at McGill University tested the effectiveness of naproxen, a common NSAID, in preventing Alzheimer's disease. The two-year trial found no evidence that the medication slowed disease progression or reduced cognitive decline in people with a strong family history of AD.
A small NIH clinical trial found benralizumab, a FDA-approved asthma medication, improves HES symptoms with low side effects. The study showed significant reduction in eosinophils and HES-related symptoms, allowing some participants to taper off other therapies.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a targeted drug gilteritinib that helps patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia live longer. The trial showed significant survival benefits and well-tolerated side effects, offering a new treatment option for high-risk patients.
Adding savolitinib to osimertinib yields clinical responses in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer and MET-driven acquired resistance. The combination therapy demonstrates efficacy in a patient population for whom chemotherapy is the current primary treatment option.
The first total-body PET/CT scanner has shown promising results in enhancing image quality, reducing scan time, and lowering dose. Clinical trials have demonstrated improved diagnostic capabilities with minimal impact on patient exposure.
A team of researchers has identified a 'druggable' mechanism for pathological tau protein aggregation, which could lead to new treatment options for devastating neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery focuses on the RASD2 gene and its potential as a target for farnesyl transferase inhibitors.