Articles tagged with Alcoholism
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Individuals who begin drinking at a young age are more likely to develop alcohol dependence throughout their lives. A national survey found that 47% of those who started drinking before age 14 experienced alcohol dependence during their lifetimes.
Data from a survey of 43,000 U.S. adults suggest that early alcohol use is associated with an increased risk of developing future alcohol problems, including dependence and relapse.
A longitudinal study in California found that areas with more bars and off-premise establishments have higher rates of violent assaults. The researchers used hospital discharge data to control for reporting biases and found independent relationships between outlet density and violence rates.
Research found that novelty seeking personality trait amplifies risk associated with parental alcoholism, while low novelty seeking may diminish it. The study analyzed data from 1,111 adult siblings and established diagnoses of alcohol dependence and personality scores for parents.
A study found that establishments with monthly staff meetings were less likely to serve intoxicated customers, while those with inexperienced managers were more likely to do so. This has implications for alcohol control policies and the importance of regular staff training.
A recent study by Duke University Medical Center and the University of California, San Diego found that a significant minority of college students consume excessive amounts of alcohol, often beyond the binge-drinking threshold. The study suggests that shifting focus towards these heavy drinkers could help reduce harm caused by alcohol ...
A recent study found that women of child-bearing age in the US are still at risk of heavy drinking, with 4% pregnant at the time of the interview. The study also highlights the issue of unplanned pregnancies and the need for information campaigns targeting alcohol consumption among young women.
A study found that light-to-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with lower IQs in offspring at 10 years of age. The effects were worse for African-American children, and a second trimester drinking pattern had the most significant impact on intellectual functioning.
A study found that individuals with alcohol dependence without PTSD exhibit a disconnect between emotional distress and biological stress response to stress tests. They are more likely to relapse during the follow-up period due to this disruption.
The studies reveal that integrated treatments benefit patients with multiple psychological problems and that cooperation between judiciary and addiction care provides added benefits. Effective prevention programs are also available for young people, while animal experimental research offers perspectives on human addiction research.
Recent medical advances in drug treatment for alcoholics are seen as positive news, but recovery requires a combination of treatments addressing physical, psychological, and spiritual needs. Dr. Marvin D. Seppala emphasizes the need to better define specific subgroups for medication therapies.
Researchers found that combining medical management, naltrexone, or therapy can significantly help people with alcohol disease. The study, COMBINE, included 1,383 subjects and showed that just nine 20-minute sessions with a medical professional yields good clinical results.
A study found that both alcoholism and chronic smoking alter gene expression in the human prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for decision-making, fear, and emotion. This suggests a common underlying mechanism for addiction and may lead to therapeutic solutions or pharmaceuticals.
A study by the Veterans Affairs Medical Center found that individuals with a family history of alcoholism who exhibit behavioral disinhibition are at higher risk of developing alcoholism. This group shows working-memory deficits and an attraction to reward-taking challenges.
Research suggests that prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to long-lasting alterations in the ability to synchronize circadian rhythms with environmental cues. This can result in behavioral problems, such as sleep disorders, attention issues, and mood regulation difficulties. The study's findings have implications for understanding the ...
Researchers have identified 20 candidate genes that regulate alcohol preference, shedding light on the genetic factors underlying excessive drinking. The study suggests that differences in brain function and homeostasis may contribute to an individual's reaction to alcohol.
Researchers have discovered nearly 4,000 genes associated with high and low alcohol consumption in mice, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying excessive drinking. These findings could lead to new targets for treating alcoholism.
Researchers found a common serotonin transporter promoter gain-of-function variant linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The study suggests improved screening, treatment, and medication development for OCD.
A study found that American Indians with alcohol abuse or dependence have significantly higher rates of medical conditions, including sprains, hearing problems, and kidney issues. The researchers also noted that the total count of medical conditions is related to the severity of alcohol use.
Researchers found that combining alcohol with energy drinks like Red Bull significantly reduced perceived symptoms of impairment, including fatigue and dizziness. However, objective measures of motor coordination and reaction time remained impaired, highlighting the need for caution when consuming both substances.
Researchers found that individuals with Korsakoff Syndrome retain visual learning ability despite explicit memory impairment. Visuoperceptual learning, a component of implicit memory, was shown to be preserved in KS patients.
Recovering alcoholics who smoked showed significantly less improvement in brain function and neurochemical markers of brain cell health compared to those who didn't smoke. Quitting smoking may be beneficial for better brain recovery from alcoholism, suggests a study.
A comprehensive scientific study explores the impact of social supports, spirituality, and religiousness on quality of life and long-term recovery from addiction. The research found that participation in 12-step fellowship programs and social support networks significantly enhances recovery outcomes.
A study found that genetic variants in the COMT gene, Val158Met, are associated with different drinking patterns and comorbidity among Plains American Indians. The Met allele was protective against alcoholism, while the Val allele was a risk factor for smoking, particularly in women.
A recent study found that additive genetic factors contribute to variation in alcohol consumption among rhesus monkeys, accounting for 20% of total variation. Environmental effects are also significant, with mother-reared animals drinking significantly less than others.
Research highlights insulin, BDNF, and GDNF as critical growth factors regulating alcohol's effects, including intoxication sensitivity and consumption behaviors. The study suggests these factors have potential applications in treating alcohol addiction.
Research suggests that chronic drinking and smoking both lead to significant brain structural abnormalities, including reduced gray matter and neuronal injury. Chronic smoking may also hinder recovery during abstinence from alcohol, leading to impaired cognitive function.
Daughters of alcoholics exhibit distinct risk factors, with behavioral undercontrol being a strong mediator for both genders. Gender-specific differences are observed in behavior and the impact of parental alcoholism history, particularly for women.
A study of 545 adolescents found that parental alcoholism was associated with early onset and persistent drug use throughout young adulthood. Marriage was also linked to lower levels of drug use, but its effect was limited by the lower marriage rates among children of alcoholics.
A study by Washington University researchers found a single base variation in the TAS2R16 receptor gene that increases the risk of alcohol dependence, with higher incidence in African Americans and lower sensitivity to bitter tastes among those with this variant.
A study of 2,805 US workers found that 1.8% have consumed alcohol before work and 7.1% drink during the day, with men and younger workers more affected. Most workplace alcohol use is infrequent, but its impact on productivity and safety is significant.
A study found that across-the-board price increases may not lead to a decrease in alcohol sales. Instead, individuals tend to switch to cheaper alternatives, potentially increasing overall consumption. The research highlights the importance of considering consumer choice and beverage quality when implementing policy interventions.
Research shows female rats less sensitive to sedating effects of alcohol, cycling hormonal levels mediate effects; adult women may become less sensitive to sedation as they mature. The study emphasizes the need to explore how factors associated with the estrous cycle affect sex differences in alcohol's effects.
A nine-year study found that alcohol deterrents can help patients achieve long-term abstinence, with an abstinence rate of over 50 percent. The study suggests that the psychological role of ADs plays a key role in relapse prevention and maintenance of abstinence.
The NIH is funding two new biomedical technology resource centers to develop innovative image-guided therapy technologies and advance glycomics research. The centers will provide critical resources for scientists and clinicians, including image processing tools, dynamic MRI methods, and novel therapy techniques.
Researchers identified chromosome four genes affecting drinking behaviors in smokers, providing evidence for genetic factors influencing alcohol consumption. The study suggests that variations in these genes may affect who will develop regular drinking behavior after initial exposure.
A study found that young adults who did not attend college have high levels of hazardous alcohol use, similar to those of their college-educated peers. Men with a college degree experienced the greatest increase in at-risk drinking, while women with no formal education had the highest levels of consumption and drunkenness.
A recent study found that Latina women who are highly acculturated to American society tend to drink more than those who are not. Acculturation is also associated with changes in drinking norms and depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to reduce consumption.
A Johns Hopkins study suggests a genetic link between caffeine dependence and family history of alcoholism. The research found that women with both risk factors were unable to stop consuming caffeine despite physician recommendations, highlighting the need for targeted intervention.
A recent study found considerable variation in drink size, particularly for spirits and wine, which can affect individuals' ability to track their alcohol consumption. The study suggests that using a single standard drink size of 0.6 ounces may be helpful for simplifying messages about safe drinking limits.
Researchers found a potential link between chromosome 10 and low response to alcohol (LR) in young adults, particularly those with a family history of alcoholism. The KCNMA1 gene was identified as a key player in controlling the intensity of alcohol effects on potassium flow.
Research finds that individuals with a family history of alcoholism exhibit a dysfunctional stress response prior to developing alcohol dependence, while those without a family history experience a decline after developing alcohol dependence. Low-dose alcohol consumption blocks the response to stress in both high- and low-risk groups.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research found that children with more conduct disorder symptoms tend to have an earlier age of first drink. The study analyzed data from nine sites and found no link between family history of alcoholism and early drinking age.
Research indicates that involvement in both AA and treatment leads to improved psychosocial outcomes, including higher rates of abstinence and remission. Long-term participation in AA is also associated with better social functioning and self-efficacy.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that moderate drinking is associated with lower levels of stickiness in platelets, which can lead to fewer blood clots. The research, conducted on over 1,000 participants, suggests that moderate alcohol consumption may have a protective effect against cardiovascula...
A study found that child and environmental factors are stronger predictors of early alcohol experimentation in late childhood, rather than family history. This is associated with increased rates of psychiatric disorders, poor physical health, and criminal behavior in adulthood.
Researchers analyzed surrogate alcohols consumed by Russian men, finding high ethanol content or toxic contaminants. These products, including home-made spirits and medicinal tinctures, contribute to Russia's high death rate due to accidents, violence, and cardiovascular deaths.
A new study from Michigan Medicine reveals a direct relationship between smoking and neurocognitive function in men with alcoholism. Long-term smokers showed diminished thinking ability and lower IQ compared to non-smokers, even after adjusting for other factors.
A new study reveals that decreased CREB gene function in the brain's central amygdala is involved in anxiety and excessive alcohol drinking behavior. This genetic determinant creates a vulnerable neural substrate that interacts with alcohol to create abuse potential.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found a link between a brain protein called CREB and anxiety-related behaviors in rats. Lower levels of CREB were associated with high anxiety and increased alcohol consumption in genetically predisposed rats, suggesting that drinking may be used as a self-medication strategy.
Researchers found that rats bred to prefer alcohol showed more anxiety-like behaviors and drank more alcohol. Reduced anxiety was associated with increased CREB function, suggesting a potential target for therapy.
Researchers found that college students accurately report their alcohol consumption, contradicting previous laboratory studies suggesting they underreport. This suggests that the drinking problem remains significant, but data collection methods may need to be reevaluated.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that adolescents and young adults with AUDs have a smaller prefrontal cortex, which is associated with early-onset drinking. This may lead to difficulties in inhibiting urges, delaying gratification, and thinking clearly about the consequences of actions.
A study published in Addictive Behaviors suggests that shame, not guilt, is related to substance-abuse problems. The research found that individuals prone to shame may use alcohol and other drugs to cope with feelings of self-blame, while those who experience guilt are less likely to develop substance-use problems.
U-Iowa researchers aim to find genes and pathways that protect against toxic effects of alcohol on the fetus. The two-year study will utilize neonatal rodents to examine the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in fetal brain development.
A new study from the Mayo Clinic found that smokers with a history of alcoholism can quit smoking using customized nicotine replacement therapy. The study, which adjusted nicotine patch dosages based on serum cotinine levels, resulted in a tobacco abstinence rate of 51 percent.
Study finds that repetitive tanning behavior may be linked to a kind of addiction, similar to alcoholism or drug dependency. Researchers identified UVL tanning dependence in 53% of beachgoers, suggesting why educational interventions have been unsuccessful.
The study found that gamblers and alcoholics have unique personality traits affecting their cravings, with gambling craving linked to positive emotions and alcohol craving tied to negative emotions. The research suggests that individuals with distinct emotional regulation patterns are more vulnerable to addiction.
Alcohol intake can alter circadian rhythms, influencing heart rate, blood pressure, hormone levels, and immune function. Disruptions to the 'biological clock' within the body may result in 'physiological anarchy,' with widespread pathology.
Co-occurring anxiety disorders, particularly social phobia and panic disorder, increase the risk of relapse to drinking. Screening for these conditions is essential in alcoholism treatment settings.