Articles tagged with Alcoholism
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Recent studies suggest that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be effective in treating social anxiety in alcohol-dependent individuals, particularly those with severe depression. Additionally, anticonvulsants like sodium valproate and atypical antipsychotics like clozapine show promise in reducing alcohol use among bi...
Researchers discovered that rats bred to prefer alcohol were healthier and lived longer than those bred to avoid it, regardless of drinking habits. The study found that genetic factors, rather than alcohol consumption itself, contributed to the longevity difference.
A study found that genetic variation can influence motivation to drink alcohol, particularly to alleviate social anxiety and improve mood. This can lead to enhanced behaviors that increase the risk for alcoholism. The study suggests a link between genetic factors and drinking motives, providing insight into the biology of alcoholism.
The study found an association between a specific GABA receptor gene and alcohol dependence, suggesting a potential genetic link. The findings support the idea that brain overactivation may contribute to predisposition to alcoholism.
Researchers have identified a consistent association between alcohol dependence and the GABRG3 gene, which may suggest a genetic predisposition to increased risk of developing alcoholism. The study found that this gene plays a role in influencing the risk for alcoholism by altering brain state and circuit activity.
Researchers found that a compound blocking NPY activity delays alcohol self-administration and reduces rewarding effects of alcohol in mice. This study suggests L-152,804 has potential as a treatment for alcoholism.
A study found that individuals with co-existing alcoholism and antisocial personality disorder exhibit reduced responsiveness to aversive stimuli, including unpleasant photographs. This hyporesponsivity may facilitate maladaptive behavior and increase vulnerability to problems like criminality and substance abuse.
A study found that behavioral anger contributes the most to alcohol-related aggression among men and women. Researchers examined healthy social drinkers and found that those with higher behavioral and cognitive anger scores were more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior when intoxicated. The findings suggest that understanding the rel...
A study found that individuals with high levels of social anxiety use alcohol more often to relieve social discomfort and avoid social situations without alcohol. They experience greater relief from anxiety in social situations, but not full relief, suggesting a self-medication strategy that may lead to increased risk of alcoholism.
The study found that children of MZ and DZ twins with a history of alcohol dependence were significantly more likely to exhibit alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence than those with non-alcoholic fathers. A low-risk environment can moderate the impact of high genetic risk regarding offspring for the development of alcohol-use disorders.
Researchers found that individuals with a family history of alcoholism are more likely to prefer sweet tastes than those without. This preference precedes the development of alcoholism and may serve as a marker for genetic risk. The study suggests that a simple test to assess sweet preference could help identify individuals at risk ear...
A new study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that alcohol dependence is a concern in American Indian communities, but rates are lower than previously reported. The research highlights cultural differences in alcohol use and dependence among Northern Plains and Southwest tribes.
A study suggests that college students overestimate the amount of fluid needed for a standard drink, leading to significantly higher actual consumption. This could underestimate actual drinking levels on college campuses, exacerbating alcohol misuse issues.
Researchers identified a distinct phenotype of individuals with co-existing ADHD and alcoholism, characterized by increased severity of alcohol dependence and earlier age of onset. Adults with ADHD were found to be at high risk of developing an alcohol-use disorder, with a significantly higher daily intake of alcohol.
Researchers found that adolescent binge drinking leads to tolerance in various biological functions, including altered liver function and brain function. This tolerance can last into adulthood, highlighting the importance of studying its effects during adolescence.
A study found that repeated alcohol detoxifications are associated with increased impairment of cognitive function, specifically frontal-lobe damage. Patients with two or more previous withdrawals performed worse than those with fewer or no experiences in tasks requiring attention and executive function.
Research confirms that female alcoholics experience more severe cardiovascular effects from heavy drinking than male counterparts, with these effects emerging sooner and at lower consumption levels. This phenomenon, known as 'telescoping,' highlights the need for women to be aware of their increased risk of heart disease due to alcohol...
A study found that chronic drinking elevates cortisol levels both during intoxication and withdrawal, impacting overall health. Elevated cortisol is also associated with increased risk of medical and psychiatric problems such as diabetes and cognitive deficits.
A recent study found an association between the DdeI polymorphism of the DRD1 gene and sensation seeking among alcoholic males. The research suggests that genetic factors, such as this specific dopamine receptor gene, may play a role in understanding the complex disorder of alcoholism.
A study examines ethnic differences among adolescents who engage in drinking after driving (DD) and riding with drinking drivers (RWDD), finding a distinct need to direct prevention efforts toward Latino youth. RWDD is identified as even more dangerous than DD for adolescents.
A study found that individuals with lower educational attainment experienced poorer drinking outcomes following alcohol treatment, including a shorter time to relapse. The researchers suggest that future studies address issues related to matching patients to optimal treatments.
Researchers found that recovering alcoholics experience persistent sleep disruptions for many months after quitting drinking, with problems with sleep onset being worse than sleep maintenance. Many former alcoholics reported pre-existing sleep problems that predated their alcohol dependence.
A new study found that sexually active young women perceive themselves at low risk for contracting STDs, despite having similar risk profiles as women in higher-risk groups. The researchers highlight the need for healthcare clinicians to address these misconceptions and promote safer sex practices.
A study has identified three chromosomal regions that appear to hold genes affecting low response to alcohol. This research may lead to a better understanding of how genes contribute to alcohol dependence and help develop new treatments.
A study found that doctors and mental-health professionals often fail to address alcohol consumption during visits, even when patients have multiple health or social problems. This missed opportunity can lead to inadequate treatment referrals and counseling.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that middle-aged and older alcoholics are at greater risk for suicide than young alcoholic adults. The researchers also discovered an association between increased age, mood disorders, and medically serious suicide attempts.
A study of 778 Ohio State University students found that nearly two-thirds (64%) were in the precontemplation stage, which is associated with increased heavy drinking. In contrast, students who had cut back on their intake reported perceiving more risks and fewer benefits associated with alcohol use.
The study found significant disparities in self-reported versus diagnosed alcoholism rates among elderly individuals, with certain groups, such as those in poor health or aged 75+, being more likely to be under-diagnosed. The researchers identified key risk factors that can inform targeted screenings and interventions.
Research found that alcohol consumption increases hepatitis C virus replication by upregulating nuclear factor kappa B, a key cellular regulator of immune pathways. Alcohol also inhibits the anti-HCV effect of interferon-alpha therapy. Treatment with naltrexone abolishes alcohol actions.
Researchers at Yale University found that adolescents are more vulnerable to addictions due to brain development changes. Brain circuits involved in motivation and addiction undergo rapid changes during adolescence, leading to impulsive behaviors and increased risk of substance abuse.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that nicotine replacement therapy works as well for smokers with long-term sobriety as it does for smokers without a history of alcoholism. In fact, most smokers with past alcoholism (85%) can quit smoking without difficulty and benefit from nicotine-patch treatment.
A study found that individuals with a positive paternal history of alcoholism prefer less salty and sour solutions, indicating unique taste characteristics that may contribute to protection against alcoholism. Researchers suggest that altered taste sensitivity may also play a role in the development of alcoholism risk.
Researchers found that topiramate significantly reduced heavy drinking days and increased abstinence days in heavy drinkers compared to placebo. The study also showed substantial reduction in plasma concentrations of the enzyme g-glutamyl transferase, an objective measure of high alcohol consumption.
A new study found that chronic alcohol abuse can cause severe and persistent alterations in hormone levels regulating electrolyte and water balance. After 280 days of strict abstinence, researchers found suppressed AVP levels and elevated ANP levels, indicating long-lasting damage to the body's homeostatic systems.
Researchers found that executive cognitive functioning is more impaired during the descending limb of the blood alcohol concentration curve, when people no longer feel stimulated by alcohol. This effect lasts much longer than previously believed, with significant ramifications for behaviors like driving and aggression.
Rensselaer's active campus/community coalition is addressing alcohol abuse through various programs, including First Year Experience orientation and on-demand educational programs. The university has also distributed billboards, flyers, and free license verifiers to reduce underage drinking.
Elderly alcoholics with marital and partner relationship difficulties are at increased risk of suicide. Researchers also found that medically serious suicide attempters with alcoholism often have mood disorders and financial difficulties.
Alcohol abusers may show signs of improvement that are part of their natural cycle, not indicative of true recovery. Most treatments may not last long enough to make a real positive impact, as the disease is dynamic and changes over time.
A study found that heavy drinkers with fragmentary blackouts misremember drinking experiences while expecting positive outcomes. This phenomenon can contribute to problem drinking by reinforcing distorted beliefs about alcohol's effects.
A recent study found that alcohol use can exacerbate injury severity in motor vehicle crashes, increasing the risk of bleeding, heart problems, and organ damage. The study's findings suggest that clinicians should take an active role in preventing alcohol use where there is risk of injury.
Chronic alcoholism damages the cerebellum and frontal lobes, leading to motor deficits that persist even after long-term abstinence. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals that alcoholics' brains compensate for damage by recruiting new brain regions to perform simple tasks.
Scientists have identified a new brain region, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, involved in alcohol craving. Urocortin levels in this region correspond with an animal's desire to drink alcohol, suggesting that reducing urocortin may help reduce alcohol craving.
Researchers found neighborhood density and server characteristics impact alcohol sales to minors and intoxicated individuals. Higher Hispanic population neighborhoods had higher rates of alcohol sales.
A Mayo Clinic Proceedings study found that overall mortality is not increased among community patients with anorexia nervosa. However, deaths do occur, and further research is needed to define the association of suicide and alcoholism in these patients. The study adds to the knowledge of anorexia nervosa's long-term consequences.
Researchers have found that addictive drugs, such as cocaine, morphine, and amphetamines, increase the sensitivity of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. Stress triggers a similar response, which may lead to addiction. The study's findings could help develop new treatments for addiction.
Research suggests self-control can be depleted, leading to increased difficulty with problem-solving and impulse control. Replenishing self-control through rest and positive emotional experiences may help overcome behavioral health problems like addiction.
A study found that higher alcohol consumption is associated with greater severity of barroom aggression, but not the initial likelihood of aggression. Environmental factors like dim lighting and encouragement from onlookers also play a significant role in severe brawls.
Key findings from brain bank research highlight the importance of standardized protocols and consideration of quality-related factors. The use of brain banks has led to a better understanding of alcohol-induced brain shrinkage, with potential implications for prevention and reversal of this condition.
Research highlights the strong association between gambling disorders (GDs) and alcohol use disorders (AUDs), suggesting therapy should focus on breaking unconscious associations between winning and drinking. Co-therapy may lead to better outcomes for GDs, particularly among those with AUDs.
Research highlights the association between drinking and physical aggression, finding that heavy drinking increases the risk of domestic violence by eight times. Effective prevention and treatment interventions require understanding the link between alcohol and IPV, particularly among minority groups.
A survey of 1,069 high school students found that teens consider 'avoiding environments with alcohol' and 'talking with friends or other informal supports' as effective strategies to cut back on drinking. Formal counseling was more useful for quitting than reducing drinking, according to the teens.
A recent study published by Michigan Medicine found that 15% of pregnant women consume alcohol, with most having less than one drink per week. However, a subgroup at high risk is identified, emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to assess and counsel drinking behavior during prenatal visits.
A recent study found that more than 1 in 10 pregnant women consume alcohol during pregnancy. The research suggests that despite public awareness of the dangers, many women still drink while pregnant. Health care providers may play a crucial role in detecting drinking and providing timely interventions to protect fetal health.
A study found a strong connection between behavioral undercontrol and the stimulating effects of alcohol, placing individuals at greater risk for developing alcohol problems. Those who experience higher levels of stimulation while drinking tend to have higher levels of drinking behavior.
A study confirms that individuals born more recently have higher rates of alcohol dependence, contrary to the age effect seen in other diseases. The study's findings suggest a potential 'epidemic' of alcoholism among young people, although underreporting and familial factors may also play a role.
A study found that religious service attendance is associated with lower rates of binge drinking in non-Jewish college students, but not in Jewish college students. In contrast, being religiously Jewish and having a stronger sense of Jewish identity are linked to lower levels of alcohol consumption.
Researchers found that teen-age girls with a history of depression display enhanced alpha activity in the brain, indicating a consistent abnormality. A family history of alcoholism is associated with beta activity in a different region, suggesting potential biological markers for liability to alcoholism or depression.
A new study documents the unique ways women overcome substance abuse, challenging earlier research that assumed a single path to recovery. Women's experiences highlight the importance of self-discovery and addressing underlying issues like domestic violence and low self-esteem.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research explores the relationship between alcoholism and serotonin. Researchers found that a specific drug probe did not elicit a hormonal response in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects, suggesting alternative explanations for the connection between serotonin and alcohol depen...
Researchers evaluated saccadic performance in adults with a family history of alcoholism, finding they were slower than those without a history. The study suggests that adaptive response to alcohol is associated with a family-history status known to be associated with genetic influence on alcoholism risk.