A study conducted at Duke University Medical Center found that relief from poverty can lead to a decrease in frequency of psychiatric symptoms in children. The research, published in The Journal of the American Medical Association, suggests that removing family poverty is associated with improved mental health outcomes.
A study discovered a link between rare BRCA2 gene mutations, Fanconi anemia, and childhood brain tumors. Four families with affected children carried two BRCA2 mutations, resulting in both conditions diagnosed at an average age of 3.5 years.
A new report by Penn State highlights the importance of coordinated broadband service access and quality in Pennsylvania's rural areas. The report emphasizes that advanced telecommunications infrastructures are crucial for spurring entrepreneurial activity, creating jobs, and supporting telecommuting workers in rural areas.
NASA will conduct thousands of experiments at its new $34 million Space Radiation Laboratory to develop materials and countermeasures protecting spacecraft crews from harmful space radiation. The laboratory, built in cooperation with the Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, simulates the harsh space environment.
A USC study finds that increasing insulin sensitivity can help prevent chronic diseases in Latino children. Overweight children with metabolic syndrome are less physically fit, but improving fitness could deter these diseases.
A UCSF-led study found no evidence of trans-differentiation when bone marrow-derived cells fused with damaged tissue in mice, casting doubt on their potential as a treatment for brain and heart diseases. The researchers suggest that cell fusion might be a physiological mechanism for repairing damaged cells, but more research is needed.
A study by Duke University Medical Center researchers demonstrates that training research coordinators on a human simulator prior to a complex clinical trial can significantly improve their confidence in their abilities. The training improved the coordinators' confidence levels, with an average increase from 5.7 to 8.12, and also led t...
A laboratory study found that methylnaltrexone blocked increases in HIV entry and replication when immune cells are exposed to therapeutic doses of morphine. The study suggests that the drug may improve care for patients with AIDS who require pain relief, potentially reducing the risk of severe constipation.
Commentaries question the benefit of early breast cancer screening for women aged 40-49, citing higher mortality rates among screened women. Experts highlight possible biologic explanations and the importance of informed consent, while also warning of potential harms such as false positives and overtreatment.
A study found that exercise combined with caregiver training can improve physical activity, reduce depression, and enhance physical health and function in people with Alzheimer's. Caregiver education also played a crucial role in the program's success.
The American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA) survey shows physician assistants are steadily expanding into various medical settings. The latest findings demonstrate a growing trend of PAs working in primary care fields and specialized medical offices.
The Fox Chase Breast Cancer and Environmental Research Center will investigate how natural environmental exposures affect breast cancer predisposition. The center, funded by NIH agencies, will collaborate with other centers to analyze the effects of specific environmental agents on mammary tissue development.
The University of Pittsburgh has been designated as a cooperative research center to develop treatments for muscle-wasting diseases. The center will focus on gene and stem cell therapies to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the most common and debilitating childhood disease.
University of Warwick physicists have found that phosphorus in teeth can become a superconductor when subjected to immense pressure. They also propose a method for preserving and using this structure, which could enable the creation of a 'superconducting switch'.
Research reveals distinct differences between severe asthma in children and adults, with males under 18 predominantly affected and females over 18. Children with severe asthma exhibit deceptively good lung function, challenging existing guidelines that may lead to undertreatment.
A study found that repeated alcohol detoxifications are associated with increased impairment of cognitive function, specifically frontal-lobe damage. Patients with two or more previous withdrawals performed worse than those with fewer or no experiences in tasks requiring attention and executive function.
Scientists at NIST have precisely measured the lifetime of neutrons using a powerful technique. The measurement is consistent with current theories about particles and forces of nature, providing valuable insights into the creation of matter immediately after the Big Bang.
A study analyzed patterns of SNB use in academic comprehensive cancer centers and found that its use was associated with breast-conserving surgery. The procedure's popularity increased over time, from 8% in 1997 to 58% in the last half of 2000.
Researchers identified a distinct phenotype of individuals with co-existing ADHD and alcoholism, characterized by increased severity of alcohol dependence and earlier age of onset. Adults with ADHD were found to be at high risk of developing an alcohol-use disorder, with a significantly higher daily intake of alcohol.
The project aims to design microchannel reactors for on-site production of hydrogen peroxide, addressing transportation, storage, and dilution costs. The grant also supports the development of microchannel reactors for catalytic hydrogenation reactions in the pharmaceutical industry.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new scheduling method for electronics recycling that optimizes the flow of incoming products from storage to disassembly. By prioritizing large products with quick disassembly times, recyclers can reduce storage space needs by up to half and increase productivity.
Researchers have identified a receptor on sea urchin eggs that regulates the species-specific adhesion of sperm, preventing cross-fertilization between different species. The discovery provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of gamete interactions and could shed light on how new species evolved.
The new Bay Area Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Center aims to study the impact of prenatal-to-adult environmental exposures on breast cancer risk. The center will focus on two counties: Marin County, with high reported rates of breast cancer, and Alameda County.
Michigan State University (MSU) is one of four national centers studying the link between environmental exposures and breast cancer. The center will focus on hormonal factors, including progesterone, and community outreach to better understand breast cancer risk.
Researchers at three new NIH-funded centers are working on developing gene and stem cell therapies to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The centers will study various aspects of gene therapy, including the delivery and engraftment of muscle stem cells into diseased heart tissue.
A study found that alcohol's reinforcing properties in rodent infants are due to its pharmacological effects, independent of smell or taste. This suggests that animals and people may find alcohol rewarding for the same reasons throughout their development, with implications for human brain development and behavior.
The Emory research team, led by Dr. Frances Priddy and Dr. Mark Feinberg, aims to develop simpler and cheaper monitoring tools for HIV-infected individuals in resource-poor countries. The goal is to enable these individuals to benefit from antiretroviral therapies, which have saved lives in developed countries.
A new study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that black children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can achieve high cure rates comparable to those of white children, contradicting previous clinical studies. The research suggests that personalized risk-directed therapy played a key role in overcoming disparities in t...
Researchers found that silent piano practice altered brain activity patterns after just 20 minutes, with enhanced changes after five weeks of training. The study suggests a 'map' is formed between auditory pitch targets and motor skills, similar to Broca's area involved in speech processing.
A new international study found that a heartburn medication called esomeprazole effectively prevented ulcers among long-term painkiller users. The study showed the drug produced few side effects and was safe for daily use, offering hope to patients who need to take painkillers regularly.
Research emphasizes the importance of regular physical activity, along with adequate calcium intake, for maintaining or improving bone health. The American Dietetic Association also promotes medical nutrition therapy as a key factor in managing chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
The eSTAR network uses intelligent agents to automatically observe and analyze astronomical events, such as supernovae explosions and black hole activity. The agents can detect and respond to the rapidly changing universe faster than humans, allowing for more efficient science discovery.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia discover a molecule, HLA-G, that helps keep immune cells immature and tolerant during pregnancy. This mechanism may be replicated to preserve transplanted organs and reduce rejection rates.
Researchers found that adolescent binge drinking leads to tolerance in various biological functions, including altered liver function and brain function. This tolerance can last into adulthood, highlighting the importance of studying its effects during adolescence.
A new study found that adding aprepitant to standard treatment for nausea and vomiting can effectively prevent these symptoms following chemotherapy. The medication reduced nausea and vomiting both on the day of chemotherapy administration and in the days that followed.
Researchers used fMRI to study brain activity in response to Western and traditional Chinese music. They found no overall differences in brain activation between cultures, but significant differences based on musical training. Musicians showed greater brain activity in response to Western music and greater recall of both styles.
Researchers discovered a genetic link between prostate cancer and a specific gene variant, CYPIBI. The study found that tiny variations in the gene may increase or decrease its cancer-causing effects, leading to a higher risk of developing prostate cancer.