Research on antibodies and their uses. Covers engineered antitoxin antibodies, long-lasting immunity, monoclonal therapies, and antiviral T cells.
Scientists have developed novel conjugates made from antibodies and a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor, showing high effectiveness in vitro and tumor models. The linker between components allows for tuning the activity of the cytostatic drug, reducing side effects in cancer treatment.
A recent study led by ISGlobal identifies new antibody markers associated with the RTS,S malaria vaccine's protective effects. The research reveals that IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies provide crucial protection against disease, while IgG2 and IgG4 may increase disease risk.
Researchers at Scripps Research have discovered how antibodies work together to bind to a vulnerable spot on the malaria parasite, blocking its life cycle. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more effective vaccines that stimulate the same antibody response.
New study using cryo-EM reveals structural asymmetry in spherical viruses like dengue and Zika, challenging long-held assumptions about icosahedral symmetry. The research found that many viruses have nearly icosahedral structures, with unique features like 'belly buttons' on their outer layer.
Researchers have discovered a potentially new approach to deliver therapeutics more effectively to the brain, harnessing the brain's waste removal system. This method could revolutionize the treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS, and brain cancer.
Researchers have developed a new method for imaging breast cancer using Cornell dots, which are smaller than 8 nanometers and can be cleared by the kidneys. The dots are equipped with antibody fragments that target HER2-positive breast cancer cells, achieving high in vivo tumor uptake rates of up to 17.2 percent.
A recent observational study of 626 pregnancies found that maternal Tdap immunization in the third trimester is associated with higher concentrations of pertussis antibodies in infants. Immunizing mothers earlier in the third trimester may maximize these antibody levels, but definitive immunity levels for whooping cough are unknown.
Researchers at MUSC Hollings Cancer Center aim to find a less toxic, more effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer using a novel therapeutic antibody and innovative molecular imaging tools. The study will investigate the calcineurin/NFAT pathway's role in tumor growth and its potential inhibition by the antibody.
Researchers developed a glow-in-the-dark paper strip that can detect the presence of infectious diseases using antibodies in blood, offering a quick and affordable alternative to traditional lab tests. The test measures antibody concentration by analyzing blue-green light produced through bioluminescence.
A new vaccine against deadly foal pneumonia has been developed after decades of research, with the potential to save thousands of foals' lives. The vaccine protects against Rhodococcus equi infection, which can cause severe pneumonia and fatality rates ranging from 20% to 40%.
Two variants of autoimmune disease SLE were identified in black Africans, including one previously unacknowledged. This breakthrough enables better management of the disease in southern Africa, where incidence and mortality rates are high.
Researchers at UVA are developing a new antibody-based approach that combines targeting two receptors on ovarian cancer cells to increase its effectiveness. The approach has shown promising results in lab tests, with antibodies being more than 100 times more effective than existing therapies.
Scientists have developed a method to investigate all proteins in tissue samples that are modified by ADP-ribosylation, a stress response pathway. This allows for conclusions to be drawn about activated signaling pathways and potentially leads to new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities for cancer and other diseases.
Researchers studied blood samples from 3,740 children and 1,074 adults in Managua, Nicaragua, after the 2016 Zika epidemic. The study found a high post-epidemic seroprevalence of 36% in children and 56% in adults, with immunity rates higher in females and increasing nonlinearly with age.
A modified RNA vaccine elicits protective response in mice to a conserved region of the flu virus, providing broad protection against various strains. The vaccine has shown promise as a universal flu vaccine candidate, which could be given multiple times over a lifetime for long-lasting protection.
Researchers at Loma Linda University Health found that kidney transplantation can be safely performed using organs testing positive for hepatitis C virus antibody but negative for active viral infection. The study expanded the number of kidneys available for those in need, addressing a shortage in organ donations.
A team in Japan developed a new technique to detect and analyze biomolecules with inhomogeneous charge distributions by adjusting the solution. They achieved improved sensor response, allowing researchers to determine the Debye length and map out a molecule's uneven charge distributions.
Researchers have identified a new class of antibodies that can protect against HIV-1 infection, using an animal model to show its effectiveness. The study found that IgM antibodies were able to prevent the virus from crossing the mucosal barrier, offering a potential breakthrough for AIDS prevention and treatment.
Scientists have developed a new method to attach drug-filled nanocarriers to immune cells, which can attack tumors, leading to improved targeted treatment. This breakthrough, published in Nature Nanotechnology, shows that the method is more efficient than traditional chemical bonding methods.
A new study found that levels of α-Gal antibodies vary with age and are higher in low transmission zones. IgM response was associated with protection against clinical malaria, especially in infants, while total IgG were linked to malaria risk. The results suggest α-Gal could be a promising molecule for future malaria vaccines
Researchers have discovered a potential malaria vaccine target in the ICAM1 binding motif, which is critical to the parasite's virulence. Children with higher antibody levels to this motif had lower rates of clinical and severe malaria.
Researchers discovered that NK cells can kill malaria-infected blood cells when activated by antibodies from people living in areas with high malaria transmission rates. The study provides a new mechanism for creating a malaria vaccine, offering an additional immune response to those already known.
Researchers have identified a genetic variation associated with an increased risk of developing neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a potentially fatal disease that blinds and paralyzes patients. The study, published in Nature Communications, may help scientists develop targeted treatments for NMO.
Researchers use droplet-sized miniecosystems to simultaneously test antibody binding affinity and cell function, reducing the drug discovery process. The new method enables scientists to select functional antibodies directly with phage display.
A new study from Uppsala University reveals that a wide range of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in immune complexes from the joints can cause local inflammation and drive joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis. This finding supports the suspicion that ACPAs are pathogenic by forming immune complexes in the joints.
Researchers at CeMM Research Center discovered a protective mechanism against atherosclerosis when targeting the molecule BAFF. The study found that blocking BAFF receptors actually increased plaque size, revealing an unexpected role for BAFF in reducing atherosclerosis risk.
A recent study published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases found that nearly a third of febrile patients in Northwest Ethiopia tested positive for dengue virus. The study identified key risk factors, including residence, occupation, and lack of mosquito net use, which can contribute to DENV infection.
A new index identifies individuals at risk for lupus by analyzing IgG, IgM antibodies and C1q levels in blood serum. The findings could help follow at-risk individuals and diagnose early lupus cases.
A team of scientists developed a mathematical model to analyze antibody levels in Thai patients, identifying a 'window of risk' for individuals who are more susceptible to severe forms of the disease. The study's findings offer new insights into dengue infection and may lead to closer monitoring and vaccination strategies.
Antibodies against myeloperoxidase signal impending relapse in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis patients. Routine monitoring may help prevent disease flare-ups.
Researchers found that IgG antibodies play a key role in the severity of anaphylactic shock by activating blood platelets. Platelet activation may be behind the process, leading to a drop in body temperature and reduced circulating platelet count.
Scientists have identified a common site on both viruses that renders them defenseless to the same antibodies, paving the way for broad-spectrum therapies. The findings provide molecular proof of an anecdotal observation and could lead to the development of a universal vaccine against multiple hemorrhagic fever viruses.
Researchers have identified and studied antibodies from human survivors of Ebola Bundibugyo that neutralize and protect against infection with several different Ebola virus species. The newly discovered antibodies bond at a different site on the Ebola virus than other antibodies currently used to develop Ebola therapies.
Researchers have developed a refined CAR-T therapy called SUPRA-CART that addresses the three major flaws of traditional CAR-T: target specificity, response strength, and adaptive capability. This new system allows for continuous alteration to target different types of cancer cells and can be deactivated in case of severe side effects.
Researchers have discovered a new form of DNA, called the i-motif, which forms in the nuclei of human cells. The i-motif is a four-stranded 'knot' that plays a crucial role in gene expression and cell life cycle.
A new study suggests that exposure to epsilon toxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens, may play a role in the development of multiple sclerosis. Antibodies against the toxin were found in 43% of MS patients in the UK, compared to 16% of control group participants.
Research reveals that HIV-1 viruses transmitted from mother to child during delivery are more resistant to maternal antibodies than non-transmitted variants. A new vaccine aims to boost maternal antibody attack, reducing transmission risk during delivery.
Researchers at Garvan Institute of Medical Research found that a population of 'bad' antibodies, usually silenced due to harm to the body, can be activated to fight disease. The 'redeemed' antibodies become powerful weapons to combat diseases evading the immune system by disguising themselves as normal body tissue.
Researchers found that soluble antibodies from B cells induce accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which inhibit antitumor immune response and worsen cancer outcomes. Targeting antibody production may slow down tumor progression.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism by which live vaccines induce immunity through TLR8 recognition. This triggers protective immune responses and improves vaccine safety and efficacy. The study's findings have the potential to develop new vaccines combining the benefits of live and modern subunit vaccines.
Researchers found that IgA1 antibodies can protect against flu viruses through two mechanisms: acquired immunity and innate immunity via sialic acids. This discovery could lead to more effective flu vaccines and treatments.
A new serological test developed by Brazilian scientists detects antibodies against Zika virus in blood serum with high specificity, outperforming existing tests. The test aims to improve prevention policies for pregnant women and provide more accurate diagnoses.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed an antibody that targets APOE protein, leading to the removal of amyloid plaques from mouse brains. This breakthrough could potentially halt brain damage triggered by plaques in early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists have discovered a human antibody, CIS43, that protects against malaria better than any previous antibody, and identified a unique binding site on the malaria parasite's surface protein. This could lead to new pathways for malaria prevention, potentially offering an effective vaccine or direct infusion therapy.
Researchers have discovered a promising approach to treating multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae infections using antibodies that target the bacterial capsule polysaccharide. This method enhances the ability of immune system cells to kill the bacteria, providing a potential alternative to antibiotics.
Scientists at Iowa State University have used leftover blood donor cells to gain insights into how natural killer cells interact with antibodies. They found that the carbohydrate modifications on these cells result in higher affinity, potentially leading to improved antibody therapies.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have identified a promising route for designing an effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The study focused on the RSV G glycoprotein and found that protective antibodies target specific sites on the protein, which can induce an immune response.
A new study using recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) delivery vectors found that ZMapp antibodies administered to mice resulted in 100% protection against Ebola infection. The study also compared different doses and routes of administration, with the best results achieved using a single rAAV-delivered antibody.
A new blood test for Zika virus can detect the virus up to 8 weeks after infection, providing a powerful tool for screening pregnant women and adults. The test, called ZIKV-NS2B-concat ELISA, is faster, less expensive, and more accurate than existing options, with rates of false positives and false negatives of less than 5%.
A new study found that phosphorylation of IRE1 regulates its RIDD function, which is critical for antibody production in response to immunization. The research provides deeper understanding of the ER stress response and its implications in various human pathological conditions.
Researchers identified four new antibodies that bind to RSV's F protein, inhibiting the virus's ability to fuse with human cells. These findings could aid in vaccine development for two major viruses: RSV and its close relative hMPV.
Researchers at NYU Dentistry have adapted an HIV test to create a rapid diagnostic test for Zika virus using saliva. The new test can detect both nucleic acids and antibodies of the virus in a fraction of the time of current commercial tests, producing results in minutes instead of hours or days.
Researchers discovered that gut bacteria stimulate serum IgA responses that offer protection against bacterial sepsis. The study found mice with Proteobacteria-rich microbiota survived longer after sepsis, while those without IgA antibodies died quickly.
A new study found that antibodies stimulate a molecule in muscle to keep nerves attached, preserving neuromuscular synapses and slowing disease progression in a mouse model of aggressive ALS. The treatment extended the lifespan of ALS mice and improved function of critical breathing muscles.
New research suggests that immune history with flu plays a significant role in vaccine effectiveness, rather than egg adaptations. The study found that antibodies produced from previous encounters with flu tend to take precedence over new vaccinations, making the vaccine less protective for those with a history of infection.
Scientists have developed a way to identify biomarkers for a wide range of diseases by assessing the antibodies we are making to the complex sugars coating our cells. The new Luminex Multiplex Glycan Array enables rapid analysis of patient samples and glycans, potentially leading to early disease detection and diagnosis.
Researchers have developed a new method using yeast to create camelid-free antibodies, allowing for faster and more efficient protein structure determination. This breakthrough enables scientists to study complex proteins without the need for llama or alpaca facilities.
Researchers have developed a method for marking dividing stem cells with three different labels, increasing accuracy and speed of analysis. This allows study of new populations of stem cells, including those in the brain and other tissues.
Researchers have discovered that human antibodies can prevent malaria spread by destroying parasites in mosquitoes and preventing fertilization. This finding holds promise for developing a vaccine to halt the disease's transmission, which could significantly reduce global malaria burden.
A study published in Pediatric Transplantation found that detecting and treating dnDSA early can decrease antibody levels by 76% and prevent graft failure. However, the treatment came at a price: increased hospitalization rates for infection.