Articles tagged with Gender
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study by Michigan Medicine found that female interventional cardiologists have comparable outcomes to their male counterparts in coronary angioplasties. Despite being significantly under-represented, they demonstrate excellent practitioner skills. The findings suggest benefits for female trainees considering the field.
A study by the University of Georgia found a persistent gender pay gap at the US Department of Health and Human Services, with women earning 9.2% less than men in 2018. The research suggests that differences in promotion within higher pay grades may be contributing to the gap.
Researchers at Stanford University are urging the development of AI medical devices that account for diverse demographics to prevent inequities. The study highlights issues with data collection and evaluation methods, particularly regarding sex and race biases in pulse oximeters.
Collective intelligence in groups can be quantified by considering individual skill, group collaboration, and gender composition; proportion of women positively correlates with social perceptiveness. The findings suggest that diverse groups are more intelligent due to increased social interaction
A new study found that perceptions of teacher sexual misconduct vary according to the perpetrator's gender, sexuality, and age. Respondents perceived female teachers as less detrimental, students in heterosexual pairings as more mature, and relationships with younger teachers as more acceptable.
A study by UPF researchers finds that households with financial difficulties experience tension between social context and inherited values. Women's satisfaction is linked to their position within the private sphere, while men's satisfaction depends on their individual contribution to the family budget.
New research from the University of Notre Dame shows that peers can help boost marginalized voices, enhancing both the status of those being amplified and their own. The study found that publicly endorsing a peer's contribution with attribution increases ratings of idea quality and employee status.
A new study challenges claims of declining global sperm count, citing a 'biovariability framework' that suggests natural variation is the norm. The research aims to contribute to discussions on reproductive health and challenge racist assumptions in sperm count studies.
A review of international clinical practice guidelines found significant gaps in the physical and mental health needs of gender minority and trans people. Researchers highlight the need for better research to improve healthcare guidance, including addressing mortality and quality of life.
A new ant species, Strumigenys ayersthey, has been discovered in Ecuador's tropical forests, featuring a trap-jaw morphology and a scientific name that celebrates gender diversity. The species' name, inspired by artist Jeremy Ayers, uses the non-binary suffix -they to recognize non-conventional gender assignments.
A Yale scientist, Douglas Booher, named an ant after R.E.M.'s Michael Stipe's friend Jeremy Ayers, a Warhol 'Superstar'. The ant was discovered in Ecuador and had unique features that set it apart from other species. Booher confirmed the discovery with German entomologist Phillip Hoenle and was joined by Stipe to name the new species.
A new study by Drexel University researchers found that nonprofit executives earn 8.9% less than their male counterparts, with the gap widening when there is room for salary negotiations. The study also found that organizations with higher female board representation and a female CEO tend to have smaller pay gaps.
A recent study by Jordi Gumà and Bruno Arpino explores the association between subjective life satisfaction and gender roles in providing financial resources and performing domestic chores among partnered Spanish adults. The researchers found that households with financial difficulties experience a significant impact on individual well...
Jessica Wilkerson, WVU associate professor, is recognized with a prestigious Andrew Carnegie Fellowship to research the overlooked stories of women's activism in the American South. Her project aims to integrate the stories of unsung heroes into the history of women's progressive activism since the 1960s.
A new study found that men with heavy drinking habits and sexist attitudes are more likely to commit intimate partner violence. The research, conducted in seven Asian-Pacific countries, highlights the interaction between alcohol consumption, gender inequality, and male violence.
A study published in BMJ Military Health found that female military veterans experience unique barriers to accessing mental healthcare, including a lack of recognition of their veteran status and negative stereotypes. The research highlights the need for further studies to address these issues and ensure equal access to support services.
A study by researchers from the Music Technology research group found that a widely used music recommendation algorithm is biased towards male artists, resulting in less exposure for female artists. The algorithm's ranking system perpetuates this bias, with female artist recommendations often appearing later in the list.
The astronomy industry has a long way to go before achieving gender parity, with women making up less than one-third of professional astronomers by 2080. Implementing 50:50 hiring ratios and retention initiatives, such as exit surveys and work-life balance improvements, can help reach the goal of 30% female representation in a decade.
Only 7.4% of active profiles and 11.6% of known profiles are women, highlighting a gender bias in the community. Women also have lower retention rates and tend to edit non-article pages.
A recent study found that it will take over 200 years for women to reach parity in orthopaedic surgery, highlighting the need for substantial changes across education and leadership levels. The research emphasizes the importance of increasing representation of women in medical schools, residency programs, and subspecialty societies.
Researchers at Linköping University found that network-based recruitment can reduce segregation levels by encouraging individuals to form ties with those of different genders. This 'Trojan-horse mechanism' suggests that networks can counteract the segregating impact of mobility events, leading to desegregating moves.
A recent study from the University of Bath found significant underrepresentation of women in editorial boards of marketing academic journals, with men holding 68% of roles. The research also revealed that awards and recognition favor men, perpetuating inequality for female academics.
A new study from North Carolina State University found that an outdoor science program improved fifth-grade girls' science grades and knowledge, while also addressing gender gaps in science. The program, Muddy Sneakers, used hands-on activities, hikes, and reflections to teach science in a natural environment.
Researchers found a significant gender gap in negotiation among children as early as age eight, with girls requesting less from male evaluators. This finding sheds new light on the wage gap women face in the workforce and highlights the need for early interventions to promote self-advocacy skills.
Research in Tanzania shows that women farmers face social structural barriers and discriminatory land rights, limiting their ability to increase crop yields. Access to improved seeds, knowledge, and decision-making is key to closing the gender yield gap.
New research reveals that young people's experiences with gender and sexuality vary greatly by region, with pressures to conform to masculinity affecting teens' ability to express themselves. The study found that nonbinary gender identity is more common in urban areas than rural ones.
ECU researchers found that two thirds of participants gave up on their New Year resolutions within the first month. Setting specific resolutions with time, place and/or people is key to sticking to them, according to Professor Joanne Dickson. Flexibility in adapting to changing situations also predicts increased mental wellbeing.
A recent study by Bocconi University researchers found that gender-biased language in job communications can deter female candidates from pursuing leadership positions. Conservative participants favored male-led roles and used more positive descriptions, while liberals showed less bias.
A study by The Endocrine Society found that transgender youth are 1.8x more likely to have abnormal cholesterol levels and 1.4x more likely to have liver dysfunction compared to cisgender youth. This highlights the need for better management of health in this population.
A large European survey found that women managers report better sleep quality in countries with greater gender empowerment. In contrast, men managers slept better in higher-GDP countries. These findings suggest a link between gender equality and improved sleep quality for women, while economic development benefits men.
A study of 28 countries found men aged 50 and over had a 60% greater risk of death than women due to higher rates of smoking and heart disease. The gap varied across countries, highlighting the influence of social and cultural factors on health.
A University of Queensland and Nature Conservancy study reveals that women's voices are critically lacking in conservation, with gender discrimination being systemic and consistent. The research found positive impacts when women were involved in conservation, but existing gender roles and dynamics limit their participation.
A Texas A&M University study analyzed over 10,000 students in four introductory physics courses, concluding that male students do not consistently outperform female students. The research found statistically significant differences in exam performance within one course, but no persistent differences across exams or final grades.
A new study reveals that four common assumptions about gender are hindering effective policymaking and action on climate change. The review of literature highlights how these narrow diagnoses of gender inequality have counterproductive consequences, such as overburdening women and obscuring vulnerabilities of other groups.
A study found that aptitude tests can help students identify potential careers in high-demand STEM fields, especially for women and underrepresented groups. The tools helped connect students with classes and educational pathways to strengthen their skillset and open up career opportunities.
A study of 3,064 tenure track faculty found that mothers experience greater reductions in short-term research productivity than fathers, contributing to the gender gap. Flexible policies, such as accessible lactation rooms and affordable childcare, may help alleviate this impact and support women in academia.
A systematic review found that female patients treated by female physicians experience better outcomes, while those treated by male physicians face higher mortality rates. The study suggests that increasing gender diversity in the physician workforce and improving training on patient-centered communication can help combat disparities.
A study published in Management Science found that participants followed advice given by male and female leaders at similar rates, regardless of the leader's assertiveness. The researchers recruited 1,000 people to play a game, where they received advice from either a male or female leader with varying levels of assertive language. The...
A recent study published in the Journal of Marketing found that linguistically feminine brand names are perceived as warmer and more likable, leading to increased purchase intentions. Researchers discovered that brands with feminine names are more likely to be well-ranked on Interbrand's Global Top Brands list.
Addressing gender inequity requires a multi-pronged approach, including embedding equity principles in policies, communicating gender statistics, and championing structural change. Implementing flexible schedules, non-gendered parental leave, and career support will help realize equity in pay and opportunities for all.
A recent NIH study found that women are less likely to be represented as chairs and reviewers on study sections, especially in institutes with higher total funding. Women are also more likely to hold lower academic ranks and temporary memberships.
A Cornell University study reveals that increasing the length of an initial job candidate shortlist can help hiring managers consider female candidates more, supporting gender equity efforts. By extending this list, it can increase the consideration of female candidates in male-dominant domains.
A study from McGill University reveals a persistent gender gap in hiring, with women earning 64% of PhD degrees in archaeology but making up only 46% of assistant professors. The researchers suggest that subtle practices and inhospitable working environments may be contributing to the attrition rates of women in academia.
A recent study using Chicago Police Department data found Black officers used force less often than white counterparts, while women used force less than men. The findings provide insight into the impacts of diversification in policing and highlight the need for nuanced reforms.
A new study from Simon Fraser University found that women's voices are underrepresented in Canadian news media, with men quoted three times more often than women. Despite having prominent female leaders, the research team identified key areas for improvement, including hiring more women as reporters.
A recent US study reveals that heterosexual men are the most passionate sports fans, with 60% of participants identifying as enthusiastic. However, women and members of the LGBTQ+ community also show a strong interest in sports, with 40% of heterosexual women and 30% of gay men reporting similar enthusiasm.
A new study from Duke University found that younger men who rely on others' opinions for their sense of masculinity are more likely to respond aggressively when threatened. This group, including those between 18-29 years old, exhibited violent thoughts and responses when told they were less manly than average.
A recent study by researchers from the University of Exeter analyzed 68 English language jihadi magazines produced between 2013 and 2020. The Taliban's magazines promote traditional roles for women, while ISIS and Al Qaeda encourage violence and leave husbandless wives. Experts hope highlighting these varying recruitment strategies wil...
A new study finds that women live longer than men globally since 2006, but paradoxically report more illness. The research explores the complex interplay of biological, social and health service factors contributing to this phenomenon.
Researchers analyzed millions of decisions made by recruiters on a popular job platform, revealing significant bias against immigrants and women. The study found that biases were more pronounced towards the end of the workday and in male-dominated professions.
A study by University of Zurich's Faculty of Business, Economics and Informatics found that fellow students' personalities, particularly persistence, influence academic performance. Persistent peer groups improve academic achievement, which carries over to subsequent courses.
A small amount of gender bias in hiring decisions can result in discriminatory outcomes and costly losses for companies. According to the study, even 1% gender bias can lead to 32 additional failed hires and $2.8 million in productivity losses per year.
A Dartmouth study reveals that college classrooms continue to have a 'chilly climate' for women, with men dominating discussions and using assertive language. Proactive measures by professors can create a more equitable environment.
Researchers found that laypeople underestimate blood loss in female victims more than male victims, regardless of volume, and perceive it as less life-threatening. This knowledge can inform the design of training programs to teach people how to respond effectively in emergency situations.
A study of 145 scholarly journals found that peer review itself is unlikely to explain gender disparities in publication rates. Despite improvements in female representation in certain fields, a persistent gap remains between male and female authors.
Research suggests hotel companies that promote a woman over an equally qualified man are perceived as fairer and less discriminatory, leading to a stronger organizational culture and higher financial performance. The study found that women account for only 12% of all hotel leadership positions, despite making up the majority of the acc...
Research found that men and women endorsing traditional forms of masculinity were more likely to vote for and have positive feelings towards Trump. Hegemonic masculinity, a culturally idealized form of masculinity emphasizing strength, dominance, and power, was linked to increased sexism, racism, and xenophobia.
A new study by researchers at UCSF and Columbia University highlights the role of frailty in the gender gap in mortality rates for women waiting for liver transplants. Women awaiting liver transplants are found to be more likely to become too ill to undergo surgery or die before receiving a liver, with frailty being a significant risk ...
A female-typical language style is associated with higher impact and more views in TED Talks, contradicting traditional gender stereotypes. The study found that female-typical language was connected to positive ratings like "beautiful" and "courageous," while male-typical language evoked ratings like "fascinating" and "informative."
Researchers discovered that female language style is associated with higher impact and more views for TED Talks. A simpler and more personally engaging female-typical language style was found to be more predictive of talk impact than male-typical language style.