The UCSF Center for HIV Information has released the third edition of a CD-ROM targeting healthcare professionals in developing countries. The resource includes 5,000 pages of text on treatments, drugs, and standards of care from various countries.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have discovered that S. mutans, the primary bacterium responsible for tooth decay, has a vulnerable gene called fabM that enables it to withstand acidic environments. By targeting this gene, scientists may be able to develop new compounds to kill S. mutans and reduce cavities.
Researchers at Yale University have created a detailed map of the relationship between odor receptors and neurons in fruit flies. The study reveals that different receptors respond to varying numbers of odors and can even be inhibited by certain smells, providing valuable insights into the human olfactory system.
The Emory Vaccine Center's Hope Clinic will conduct clinical trials for topical vaginal microbicide gels to prevent HIV transmission, particularly among women in Atlanta and worldwide. The trials aim to test the safety and acceptability of two different gel formulations on healthy and high-risk individuals.
Researchers investigated airport security personnel's cognitive processes and found that changing targets dropped their abilities significantly, even with warnings. The ideal training for security screeners would involve familiarizing them with every possible threat to increase reliability.
A study by UC Berkeley neuroscientists found that fruit flies have taste receptors similar to humans, with four types devoted to sweet and bitter flavors. The researchers mapped the taste receptor nerve cells into the brain, revealing a map both of location and type of taste.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered the genetic basis of Candida's defense mechanism against nitric oxide, a key player in slowing down yeast growth. The study identifies a specific gene that allows Candida to sense NO levels and ramp up its defenses, providing a potential target for new drug therapies.
A new study found that pain medications NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors can slow healing after shoulder surgery. The research used laboratory rats to test the effects of these medications on tendon-bone healing.
A nationwide study found that restricting medication use due to cost can lead to significant declines in self-reported health status and increased rates of depression among older adults. The study, which included over 7,900 participants, highlights the importance of access to prescription medications for older patients.
The Sakai Project has released its open source collaboration and learning environment software for review and testing. The software aims to improve teaching and learning for thousands of students through rapid deployment of technology.
Scientists examine how oleic acid reacts with ozone and water molecules in the atmosphere, producing hazardous byproducts that can cause respiratory problems. The researchers aim to measure the exact amount of these byproducts formed during reactions.
A long-term study of 8,000 seniors found that those who cut back on prescription medicines due to cost had significantly worse overall and heart-related health outcomes. The study also showed that patients with depression over age 70 were more likely to experience a worsening of their condition if they cut back on their medications.
The Center of Excellence on Restoration of Function (CERF) at Yale University has received a five-year, $4.5 million grant to study spinal cord repair. The research aims to protect, repair and support the injured nervous system, with potential breakthroughs in treating conditions like multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injuries.
A project has successfully demonstrated that underground carbon dioxide storage can economically reduce emissions, allowing the oil industry to pump carbon dioxide into its wells and produce extra oil. Over 1.9 billion cubic meters of CO2 have been injected into a Saskatchewan oil reservoir since 2000.