A new study suggests a European stockfish trade existed for 1,000 years, with cod bones from Haithabu providing evidence of fish caught in northern Norway being consumed on mainland Europe. The findings support the idea that traded fish played a significant role in knitting the European continent together economically.
Expanded Medicaid eligibility under ACA results in cost savings for federal government by reducing reliance on Supplemental Security Income program. Participation in SSI has dropped by about 3% in states with expanded Medicaid, generating savings at federal and state levels.
The team achieved an unprecedented wavelength and demonstrated the potential to capture slow-motion video of electrons in atoms and molecules with attosecond light pulses. This breakthrough has significant implications for improving the efficiency of solar panels by understanding photosynthesis.
A study published in Hormones & Cancer found that obese rats with sensitive androgen receptors had more aggressive tumors, even after anti-estrogen treatment. Researchers identified inflammation and cytokine interleukin 6 as key factors contributing to this sensitivity, highlighting the potential for personalized therapeutic strategies.
Researchers successfully performed thermonuclear measurements of nuclear reaction cross-sections in extreme plasma conditions, replicating previous accelerator experiments. This achievement lays groundwork for studying phenomena in stellar interiors, such as plasma electron screening.
A new AI algorithm developed by MIT researchers uses radio signals to monitor sleep stages without sensors attached to the body. The device analyzes reflections of radio waves off the person's body, eliminating irrelevant information using deep neural networks.
A study published in The FASEB Journal found that the salivary peptide histatin-1 promotes angiogenesis, a critical process for efficient wound healing. Histatin-1 was also shown to increase cell adhesion and migration, opening new avenues for understanding oral wound healing and potentially improving treatments for other types of wounds.
A new study published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene found that rapid diagnostic tests for malaria are reducing the need for antimalarial medications but may also lead to an increase in antibiotic prescriptions. The research analyzed over 500,000 patient visits across malaria-endemic regions and revealed that ...
Researchers found that stress levels and time since an adverse event can lead to the misidentification of harmless cues as threats, exacerbating anxiety disorders. The study provides new insights into how the human mind generalizes fear and could inform better treatments for PTSD.
Researchers discovered that a single protein from Group A Streptococcus bacteria can wipe out macrophages but not other immune cells, triggering an early warning system. This finding has implications for vaccine design and treatment of toxic shock syndrome.
Researchers found that bilingual infants can differentiate between words in different languages, even at a young age. The study suggests that bilinguals have an efficient processing strategy to prioritize the currently heard language when switching between languages.
Machine learning scientists at Disney Research developed a dynamic word embeddings model that uncovers how the meanings of words change over time. The model, which integrates neural networks and statistics used in rocket control systems, detects semantic change throughout history by analyzing semantic vector spaces.
New research from the University of Leicester suggests that greater access to higher education was a predominant factor in the 2016 EU referendum outcome. An increase of 3% in British adults accessing higher education could have reversed the result, while a decrease in turnout in England and Wales may also have changed the outcome.
A new micropropulsion system for CubeSats uses an innovative design of tiny nozzles that release precise bursts of water vapor to maneuver the spacecraft. The FEMTA thruster technology demonstrates a thrust-to-power ratio of 230 micronewtons per watt, making it a viable method for attitude control of CubeSats.
Researchers found that healthy LDL particles become more flexible under pressure, while disease-prone particles lose flexibility. This difference in behavior may be attributed to varying lipid compositions.
A 62-year-old man developed copper deficiency myelopathy (CDM) due to excessive zinc intake from denture fixative. The condition caused numbness, pain, and weakness in his legs, leading to complete loss of feeling.
A recent study from Guam found that non-native Acacia trees alter the soil chemistry and root-zone nutrient budgets, causing collateral ecosystem deviations. The results contribute to ongoing global discussions about afforestation for revegetating tropical degraded habitats.
Researchers have developed a metal-organic framework (MOF) material that can regulate humidity levels within a specific range. The material, Y-shp-MOF-5, takes up water in dry air but releases it when the relative humidity falls below 45%. This autonomous behavior maintains optimal humidity levels between 45-65%.
A team at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia has developed an asphalt mixture with encapsulated cigarette butts, reducing thermal conductivity and handling heavy traffic. The innovation could solve a huge waste problem while also mitigating the urban heat island effect common in cities.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology have identified three traditional Saudi plants with potent anticancer substances, including topoisomerase inhibitors. The study suggests these compounds could be used to develop novel cancer treatments, but more research is needed before they can be tested in humans.
Research suggests that loneliness and social isolation can significantly increase the risk of premature mortality, with effects comparable to those of obesity. The American Psychological Association reports that approximately 42.6 million adults in the US experience chronic loneliness, which can lead to a 50% reduced risk of early death.
Studies suggest that experiences of discrimination make feelings of insignificance worse, predicting an attraction to fundamentalist groups. Marginalization is also linked to lower levels of cultural integration, perpetuating a cycle of prejudice and extremism.
International researchers developed a mathematical model predicting docetaxel discontinuation due to adverse events, incorporating five clinical factors. The combined model stratified patients into low and high risk groups, with the high group having more than double the likelihood of discontinuation.
Researchers at MIT developed a new design system that catalogs physical properties of tiny cube clusters, enabling computationally efficient evaluation of macroscopic designs. The system explores the entire space of properties to determine printable clusters, which can be used to optimize object materials and properties.
Scientists at Fuzhou University have created a macroscopic aerogel from carbonitride nanomaterials that catalyzes the water-splitting reaction under visible-light irradiation. The material offers excellent structural and electronic properties, making it suitable for artificial photosynthesis.
A study in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology reveals that 32% of bird species have complex plumage patterns produced by melanins, not carotenoids. Melanins control pigmentation on a cellular level, while carotenoids require dietary intake and specialized structures.
Researchers from Helmholtz Munich found that cellular senescence in lung epithelial cells can contribute to the development and worsening of IPF. Senescent cells secrete mediators that promote fibrosis and impair lung function by preventing cell division.
Researchers used Next-Generation Sequencing to identify a new viral lineage distantly related to herpesviruses in fish genomes. The discovery could lead to the identification of viruses in other species, potentially preventing outbreaks before they happen.
A team of scientists has developed a way to produce 3D data showing the cardiac conduction system, enabling more accurate computer models of the heartbeat. This breakthrough will improve our understanding of troublesome heart rhythms like atrial fibrillation and help surgeons design operations with less risk of damaging precious tissue.
A study of over 2,500 people found that higher light intensity leads to worse decisions and increased inconsistency in monetary gambles. Luminance also influences risk attitudes, with individuals more likely to avoid known risks on high-light days.
A study projects that two-thirds of Europeans will be affected by extreme weather events annually by the end of the century. Heat waves are expected to cause 99% of all future weather-related deaths, increasing from 2700 deaths/year in 1981-2010 to 151500 deaths/year in 2071-2100.
Dr. Warren Ruder is developing microparticles carrying engineered bacteria known as 'smart biomaterials' to reprogram mammalian cell signaling and influence disease outcomes. His goal is to use these hybrid biomaterials to better understand how cell signaling works and affect many diseases.
A GW researcher argues that the human genus may have originated by chance, rather than in response to environmental changes. Computer simulations suggest that clusters of species originations could be caused by random fluctuations, rather than a single broad-scale event.
Hybrid materials combining organic and inorganic components show promise for various applications, including optics and biomedicine. The materials display enhanced photophysical properties, such as anisotropic response to polarized light and artificial antenna effects.
Researchers have discovered that membrane lipids can activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to increased protein production but also heightened sensitivity in cells. This new understanding may provide insights into various diseases, including those caused by viral infections and tumor growth.
A new study proposes that cultural activities, such as language use, affect our ability to collect data, make connections, and infer behavior. The research reveals that the brain's limited working memory can be beneficial in some cognitive tasks, unlike our closest relatives, chimpanzees.
A team of researchers has developed methods to observe and quantify misfolded proteins associated with Parkinson's disease entering neurons. They found that fibrils were actively engulfed by the cell membrane and transported to lysosomes, where most remained for days.
A new royalty system for wildlife imagery could generate significant revenue for conservation efforts, particularly for carnivorous species like lions. The idea proposes that a portion of income from products featuring wildlife images be allocated to support conservation initiatives.
Researchers at CU Boulder have revamped a World War II-era magnesium production process that requires half the energy and produces a fraction of the pollution compared to current leading methods. The breakthrough could improve the production of strong, lightweight metal used in various applications.
The Jackson Laboratory will investigate a new mouse model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with a $3.2 million federal research grant. The study aims to link genetic mutations in the mouse models to human ALS or other neuromuscular diseases.
Using metformin to treat patients with prediabetes could save the US healthcare system approximately $20 per patient each year. The medication is underused, with only 0.7% of eligible patients currently prescribed it.
Tropical Storm Nalgae continues to face vertical wind shear, pushing strongest thunderstorms north of the low-level circulation center. The storm is forecast to continue moving northwest before potentially intensifying to 52 mph.
Researchers will use genomic technologies to understand genetic basis of traits influencing wildlife and plant survival in changing environments. The project aims to advance understanding of how organisms cope with environmental challenges and develop guidelines for genomic interventions.
A sunspot, dubbed AR12665, was tracked by NASA's satellites as it rotated into view on July 5, 2017. The active region produced several solar flares, a coronal mass ejection, and a solar energetic particle event over its 13-day journey.
The 11th Eastern Pacific hurricane season tropical depression formed on August 4 despite being affected by wind shear. GOES-West and GOES-16 satellites captured images showing a low-pressure area with a well-defined center, indicating the storm's strength.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is developing an intervention to empower patients with glaucoma to take a more active role in their treatment. The study aims to improve communication between patients and ophthalmologists, leading to better medication adherence and reduced intraocular pressure.
A new study by the University of Plymouth found that European governments are placing too much emphasis on safety and affordability when it comes to transport policies for older people. The research highlights the need for a more rounded approach that prioritizes mobility, independence, and social inclusion.
The University of Michigan Injury Center has received $2.5 million from the CDC to continue its research on preventing injuries such as opioid overdoses, concussion, and motor vehicle crashes. The center aims to reduce injury by publishing innovative research and translating it into practice for local communities.
Researchers found that desert tortoises often overheat and die when encountering fencing meant to keep them safe from roads. The study suggests that designing and installing barrier fencing to minimize pacing and heat stress is crucial to prevent tortoise deaths.
Researchers found that elevated levels of protein Cdk8 in heart muscle cells lead to declining heart function and heart failure. The study suggests modifying gene expression may provide a path to preventive treatments for heart failure.
A new study by the Academy of Finland reveals that Finnish parents experience higher conflict rates with their own parents compared to in-laws. Grandchildren often contribute to increased tensions between in-law generations.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have published a study on K-80003, an anti-cancer agent that prevents activation of the PI3K pathway, resulting in inhibition of cancer cell growth.
Typhoon Noru is expected to make landfall in Kyushu, Japan on August 6, bringing strong winds and heavy rainfall. The storm's eye has grown to 37-nautical-mile-wide, with maximum sustained winds near 86 mph.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased by 5.7% to 29.7%, while the labor force participation rate rose 3.4% to 33.1%. This trend is attributed to integrated resources and strategies among stakeholders, including employers and government agencies.
Researchers identified a cluster of immunoresolvents in blood that activate immune cells, enhancing the immune system's ability to fight bacterial infections. This new profiling procedure has potential applications in distinguishing between cancerous and healthy tissue.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new method that combines design and nanomanufacturing to create optimal nanostructured surfaces for solar cells. The technique uses mathematical functions and machine learning to fabricate quasi-random structures, resulting in increased light absorption and improved efficiency.
Research by University of Montana postdoctoral fellow Shane Campbell-Staton found significant increases in cold tolerance at the species' southern limit. Gene expression in southern survivors shifted toward patterns characteristic of northern populations, revealing rapid phenotypic, regulatory and genomic shifts.
Researchers found that glucose metabolism is critical for platelet production, function, and clearance. The absence of glucose metabolism leads to lower platelet counts, defective megakaryocyte generation, and increased platelet clearance.
TESS will survey stars up to 100 times brighter than Kepler, finding thousands of new exoplanets around bright nearby stars. The mission will provide ideal targets for follow-up observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.
A research team at the University of New Mexico is developing ultrafast laser transmitter technology that could send data at a speed of over 100 gigabits per second, ten times faster than current fiber optic networks. The goal is to enable high-speed communication in applications such as remote medical consultations and IoT connectivity.