A University of Bristol researcher has received a De Leo Fund Award for her outstanding work on suicide prevention in low- and middle-income countries, where 79% of global suicide deaths occur. Her research focuses on understanding the most effective methods of preventing suicidal behavior in these regions.
Researchers have developed DNA-based microcapsules that can act as ion channels, enabling the creation of artificial cells and molecular robots. This breakthrough could accelerate advances in nanotechnology and biomedical applications.
Children between 3-4 years old value generosity and benevolence as a general norm, while older children (5-6) develop a more complex concept of fairness that includes reciprocity. The study suggests that reciprocity norms are not fully developed until around age 5.
Researchers have designed a new class of modified pantothenamides that stop malaria parasites from replicating in humans and preventing transmission to mosquitoes. These compounds are effective against malaria parasites resistant to currently available drugs.
A new study from the University of Maryland School of Medicine found that treatment solely based on sleep studies is unreliable in children with sleep apnea. Resolution of airway obstruction measured by a sleep study after adenotonsillectomy does not correlate with improvement in sleep apnea symptoms.
Rice astroparticle physicist Christopher Tunnell leads a $1 million NSF-funded project to enhance data science techniques in physical sciences, aiming to push discovery past the tipping point. The study focuses on dark matter searches and employs probabilistic graphical models to improve measurements of particle interactions.
In a small clinical trial, Mayo Clinic researchers showed that senolytic drugs can significantly decrease senescent cell burden in humans. The study found that the combination of dasatinab and quercetin reduced senescent cells in blood, skin, and fat tissue for at least 11 days.
Researchers at the Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown discovered that the brain's circadian clock controls the function of immune cells in the gut, which are crucial for maintaining gut health. Disrupting this clock leads to reduced immune cell numbers, severe inflammation, and increased fat accumulation.
Researchers at LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics successfully simulated a specific lattice gauge theory using two-component ultracold bosons in optical superlattices. The study provided a controlled view of fundamental physical phenomena, including the interactions between particles mediated by gauge fields.
A study by Case Western Reserve University found that spending more on transitional housing for teens aging out of foster care can prevent homelessness, incarceration, substance abuse, and early childbirth. States that spend above average on housing support have lower rates of negative outcomes among these youth.
Scientists are developing novel tissue engineering techniques using everyday materials such as ice, eggshells, and spinach. These biomaterials are more functional, sustainable, and cost-effective than traditional methods.
Researchers found that breast cancer cells form fake synapses with neurons to secrete glutamate and activate the NMDAR receptor, providing a rationale for brain metastasis. This mechanism may be applicable to prevention and therapy of breast-to-brain metastases.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new cathode and electrolyte system using transition metal fluorides and solid polymer electrolytes, showing remarkable stability and potential for safer, lighter lithium-ion batteries. The new design has more than double the lithium capacity of traditional cobalt- or nickel-based cathodes.
A national survey found that only about 22% of US hospitals and physician practices regularly screen patients for social needs. Social determinants such as food insecurity, housing instability, and utility needs are often overlooked despite their significant impact on patient health
Researchers developed Tunabot to better understand fish propulsion, which could lead to faster, more efficient propulsion systems for underwater vehicles. The robot's design was informed by studies of yellowfin tuna and mackerel, and its performance data sets a high standard for the field of fish robotics.
A recent study by Max Planck Institute researchers found that learning to read does not harm the brain's ability to process culturally relevant objects like faces and houses. In fact, reading may even enhance overall visual processing.
Research found that individuals raised in families with higher socioeconomic status were more optimistic in midlife and lived longer. In contrast, those experiencing more psychosocial stressors had greater risk of dying due to increased stressful life events in adulthood.
Cody Friesen, associate professor at ASU, wins the Lemelson-MIT Prize for his invention of SOURCE Hydropanels, a technology that generates clean drinking water from sunlight and air. The prize money will support a project in Colombia to provide SOURCE Hydropanels to communities in need.
A study found that cardiovascular disease risk prediction algorithms may underestimate the risk for people with severe mental illness, often defined as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression. The algorithm consistently underestimated cardiovascular disease rates in this group, particularly in women.
Compound flooding events are projected to occur more than once every six years along the UK and Dutch coastlines. The probability of high sea levels and heavy precipitation occurring simultaneously will heavily increase in Northern Europe under a warmer future climate.
A recent study found that modern humans acquired a gene variant from Denisovans that increases immune reactions and protective responses to disease-causing microbes. The Denisovan gene variant, I207L, was discovered in families with severe autoimmune conditions and was also present in an extinct human species found in the Altai Mountains.
The Computer Science Teachers Association (CSTA) has selected ten educators for its inaugural Equity Fellowship, a year-long program aimed at increasing diversity in computer science education. The fellows will share their inclusive teaching practices and leadership to drive change across the country and worldwide.
A study published in Health Economics found that orthopaedic surgeons are less likely to schedule surgeries for patients who meet them at the end of their shift. This suggests that decision fatigue affects medical decision-making, leading doctors to rely on simplistic processes and avoid big decisions when tired.
A large meta-analysis of over 2 million pregnancies has found a 53% increased risk of gestational diabetes in women who conceived through IVF compared to natural conception. The study also suggests that pregnancies achieved by assisted reproduction technologies are associated with more obstetric and perinatal complications.
A new proposal suggests shifting focus from long-term targets to shorter timeframes to limit warming and make climate strategies more fair and equitable for future generations. The research recommends prioritizing net zero carbon emissions by mid-century to stabilize warming and then deciding on additional reductions.
The adoption of ox-drawn plows led to a decoupling of wealth from labor, driving growing economic disparities between landowners and land-poor families. This transformation made land more valuable and labor less so, ultimately resulting in substantial wealth inequalities.
Tropical Storm Jerry developed in North Atlantic Ocean this season, with NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite providing crucial images of its structure. The storm showed strong bands of thunderstorms, indicating better organization, and forecasters confirmed its strengthening due to warm waters and low wind shear.
A new pantothenamide molecule, closely resembling a naturally occurring compound in malaria parasites, has shown promising results as a potential cure for the disease. Laboratory models suggest a single dose of the candidate drug may completely cure malaria, making it an attractive alternative to existing treatments.
Researchers discovered that border zone cells in humans and mice develop a gene program that helps them survive a heart attack. This response is crucial for long-term recovery of the heart, but further research is needed to induce this response in humans.
A new study by Florida State University researchers found that immigrants are significantly less likely to reoffend after release from prison compared to nonimmigrants. The study analyzed data from over 192,000 individuals and found that 32% of nonimmigrants were reconvicted within three years, while only 19% of immigrants were.
Researchers have demonstrated a ternary organic solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 14.3%, beating the typical drop in fill factor upon increasing the thickness of the active layer. The addition of PC61BM improves hole and electron mobilities, facilitating charge transport and leading to improved efficiencies.
Researchers at Procarta Biosystems are developing a new type of antimicrobial that kills bacteria by blocking gene expression, potentially revolutionizing treatment of serious and life-threatening infections. The £7.4m funding from CARB-X aims to combat antibiotic resistance, a major global threat.
Researchers at the University of Miami discovered that fruit flies have an innate time- and color-dependent preference for light, contrary to decades-long assumption that they are attracted to blue light. The study found that fruit flies prefer green light early in the morning and late afternoon, and avoid blue light throughout the day.
After a tragic death in 1999, gene therapy faced a setback, but James Wilson's rediscovery of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) paved the way for its resurgence. Today, AAVs are used in nearly 100 drug development programs and have been approved by the FDA for treating a fatal neurological disease.
The AAN suggests annual assessments to identify mild cognitive impairment early, which can lead to earlier intervention and improved quality of life. Doctors should also document mild cognitive impairment in patients' medical records to ensure timely care.
A CU Boulder-led study finds that thick ice slabs in Greenland are sending meltwater spilling into the ocean, contributing to sea-level rise. The runoff zone could expand by the size of Colorado or Texas under different climate scenarios, raising seas by an extra quarter inch to nearly three inches.
A study by Florida Atlantic University found three distinct groups of popular teenagers: prosocial popular, aggressive popular and bistrategic or Machiavellian-like. Bistrategic teens had the highest level of popularity and balanced getting their way with kindness.
A new device demonstrates how p-bits can perform calculations traditionally done by quantum computers, with potential applications in fields like drug research, cybersecurity, and data analysis. Hundreds of p-bits could be used to solve larger problems in the near future.
A single pill containing low doses of three medications reduced blood pressure and cholesterol levels in a US study, translating to a 25% lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The study enrolled mostly low-income, primarily black adults from Mobile, Alabama, and showed high adherence rates.
The study implemented randomized quality improvement projects across NYU Langone Health, finding that changing prompts for tobacco cessation counseling increased medication prescription rates. Post-discharge phone calls were largely ineffective in improving patient satisfaction or hospital readmissions.
The RV144 vaccine has shown promising results with a new study indicating it may provide protection against multiple strains of HIV. Researchers discovered that the vaccine elicited stronger immune responses, particularly in men, and was well-tolerated, suggesting potential long-term efficacy.
Tropical Storm Mario is intensifying with heavy rainfall rates of over 36 mm per hour. The storm is expected to become nearly stationary from early Friday through early Saturday, with maximum sustained winds increasing to near 65 mph.
Research found that genetic modifications reducing leptin levels were more common in formula-fed babies, associated with higher body weight and increased risk of obesity. Breastfed infants had lower rates of these modifications, suggesting epigenetic mechanisms may play a role in childhood obesity development.
Researchers have discovered that a low-cost blood pressure drug, propranolol, may improve cognitive and social benefits for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The study found that the drug altered regions of the brain associated with word processing and improved specific task information processing in individuals with autism.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered that inhibiting GSK-3 enzyme sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine, a commonly used chemotherapy. This new approach may overcome resistance to chemotherapy and improve treatment outcomes for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Grizzly bears express a larger number of genes than any other species studied to cope with hibernation-induced metabolic stressors. They reverse the negative effects of fat accumulation by switching genes on and off based on the season.
The University of Wyoming has received a $15.8 million NSF grant to modify and certify its new King Air research aircraft, as well as develop new instrumentation for atmospheric remote sensing. The grant will enable the aircraft to support high-end research in areas such as air quality, wildfires, and severe storms.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a nano-scale chip that facilitates photon interactions with much higher efficiency than any previous system. The breakthrough could enable the creation of powerful quantum computing components such as photonics logic gates and entanglement sources.
Engineered cell sheets have been designed to effectively treat open skin areas after surgeries, addressing a major challenge in post-operative care. The method involves scanning the surgical site, designing and printing a 3D mold, coating it with gold, seeding cells, and growing a custom-made cell sheet that can be transplanted into mice.
The Pan-Borneo Highway will severely degrade Borneo's last expanses of intact forest, increasing pressures on loggers, poachers, and farmers. The network of highways would isolate Sabah's forests from the rest of Borneo, cutting off endangered species' habitats.
Tropical Storm Kiko's circular area of strong storms was observed by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite on Sept. 17, showing bands of thunderstorms over the northern and western quadrants. The storm is moving west-southwest at 6 mph with maximum sustained winds near 60 mph.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have shown that exosomes harvested from human skin cells are more effective at repairing sun-damaged skin cells in mice than popular retinol or stem cell-based treatments. The nanometer-sized exosomes can be delivered to the target cells via needle-free injections.
A team of researchers has developed a framework to reduce energy consumption in data centers by up to several orders of magnitude compared to traditional technologies. The approach uses digital logic processes called AQFP and balances the estimation of power needed to process through the system with the energy that the system dissipates.
A team of astronomers observed six LINER galaxies transforming into quasars in a matter of months, discovering an entirely new type of black hole activity. The sudden transitions challenge our current understanding of galactic evolution and suggest that the theory is all wrong.
Researchers found that a daily polypill with four medications lowered systolic blood pressure and LDL cholesterol by an average of 9 mm Hg and 15 mg per deciliter, respectively. Medication adherence was high in the polypill group, with 86% sticking to their regimen over 12 months.
Researchers developed flexible, gel-free EEG electrodes that can record brain waves on hairy and hairless skin. The new electrodes work without sticky gel, allowing for potential use in brain-computer interfaces to drive cars or move artificial limbs.
A new study suggests that a giant asteroid collision 466 million years ago caused an ancient ice age by releasing massive amounts of extraterrestrial dust into the atmosphere, leading to global cooling. This phenomenon allowed life to adapt and thrive in changing temperatures.
Research suggests that autoantibodies targeting the NMDA receptor in pregnant women may cause behavioral disorders in their children. Studies have found a link between these autoantibodies and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, and ADHD.
Researchers at the University of Michigan used a state-of-the-art climate model to simulate the extreme warming of the Early Eocene Period, finding that the rate of warming increased dramatically as carbon dioxide levels rose. The simulations suggest that future warming could accelerate due to an increase in climate sensitivity.
A new Dartmouth study reveals that most US physician practices and hospitals screen patients for at least one social need, with varying rates across different organizations. Screening efforts are expected to increase due to growing recognition of the link between social needs, health outcomes, and costs.