Researchers found that neonicotinoids in contaminated honeydew can kill a majority of hoverflies and parasitic wasps within 3 days. Beneficial insects fed on nectar or pollen from treated trees were not affected.
Researchers propose a new approach to correct artificial intelligence errors by leveraging high-dimensional brain insights. The GMT approach enables efficient correction without retraining the original system, reducing time and resources required.
Researchers developed a synthetic catalyst that produces chemicals like methanol using less energy, a cheaper alternative to gasoline. The catalyst mimics the function of natural enzymes in the laboratory, showing promise for industrial applications.
Researchers found two eco-friendly methods to combat Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease: using UV-blocking plastics and salicylic acid analogues. These alternative approaches could help farmers reduce damage and improve crop yields without harming the environment.
A study of adolescent substance use reveals that context plays a crucial role in decision-making about simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use. Adolescents choose to use substances based on how the physiological effects will fit with the social, physical, and situational characteristics of the context.
Researchers investigated how insects, such as crickets and locusts, respond to different dry feed variants containing cornstarch, protein-rich cowpea leaves and vitamin-enriched carrot powder. The study found immense species-specific differences in metabolism and digestion between the two insect species.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a novel nano-vaccine for melanoma, which has proven effective in preventing the development of melanoma in mouse models and treating primary tumors. The vaccine uses nanoparticles to stimulate the immune system and attack cancer cells.
Forest water-use efficiency has been increasing globally, with trees conserving water through elevated CO2 levels. Photosynthesis is the primary driver of this increase, while stomatal conductance reduction is limited to drier forests.
Researchers designed a novel robotic jellyfish capable of 3D motion, leveraging reinforcement learning-based control to achieve high-order structure flexibility and yaw maneuverability. The system, inspired by Aurelia aurita, has great implications for bioinspired design of jet propulsion systems with agility.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified two proteins, Activin A and follistatin, that precisely regulate hair cell birth in the mammalian inner ear. This discovery may lead to future therapies for restoring hearing in individuals with irreversible deafness.
A method developed by Brazilian and US researchers confirms a three-fold increase in thyroid cancer incidence among WTC responders compared to the general population. The four-biomarker panel distinguishes between malignant and benign tumors with no false positive results, enabling early detection and treatment.
A genetic mutation may have triggered acquisition of recursive language and modern imagination in two or more children around 70,000 years ago. This would explain the long-standing mystery of language evolution and the emergence of modern human cognition.
Researchers found that whole body vibration increases levels of Alistipes, a bacterium producing short chain fatty acids that decrease inflammation. This shift also improves the balance between macrophages promoting and suppressing inflammation.
The University of North Carolina Health Care has received a five-year, $3.75 million grant to provide geriatrics training throughout North Carolina. The program aims to improve health outcomes for older adults by increasing rates of advance care planning and reducing chronic opioid use.
A recent case study published in Pediatrics found that one transgender woman was able to produce viable sperm after a few months of discontinuing her puberty-halting medication, while another patient was unable to do so. The study provides valuable information for clinicians and patients seeking fertility preservation options.
A study by Roach and Skrentny found that foreign-born STEM PhDs are 56% less likely to accept startup job offers than their US-born counterparts, despite equal likelihood of applying and receiving offers. The researchers suggest that visa reforms could strengthen the startup workforce.
A review of clinical trials published in top psychology and psychiatry journals found that more than half of the abstracts contained 'spin' - exaggerating the clinical significance of a particular treatment without statistics to back it up. This practice raises concerns about its impact on doctors' treatment decisions.
A new study found that female offspring of women with polycystic ovary syndrome have an increased risk for developing cardiac dysfunction. Researchers linked maternal androgen excess and continuous exposure to male hormones during fetal life as contributing factors.
A study of 12 centuries of European summer droughts reveals that recent changes in drought patterns are not unprecedented. The research team found that climate models exaggerate temperature-driven drought risk in northern Europe, while underestimating excessive precipitation and flood risks.
Researchers at ETH Zurich measured how electrons in transition metals redistribute within a fraction of an optical oscillation cycle. The study demonstrates the possibility of ultrafast control of material properties, which could inform the development of faster electronic components.
A new study suggests that outdoor light exposure may help prevent myopia in children by thickening the choroid behind the retina. The research aims to develop targeted treatment options to slow down myopia progression and improve eye health.
Research from the University of Sydney found that electric fans lowered core temperature and cardiovascular strain in hot, humid conditions, but were detrimental in very hot, dry conditions. The study highlights the limitations of using heat index values to recommend fan use during heat waves.
A study has found high concentrations of lead in the livers of Amazonian wildlife, with 91% of analyzed samples exceeding suitable levels for human consumption. Lead contamination is linked to oil extraction and the use of lead-based ammunition, posing a significant health risk to local indigenous populations.
A PSU professor is conducting a four-year research project to understand how households in Nepal recover from natural disasters, with a focus on the long-term impacts of the 2015 earthquake. The study aims to identify key factors driving recovery and social transformations in communities affected by disasters.
Researchers developed a nonwoven fabric bioabsorbable spacer that creates a space between healthy and cancerous tissues during particle therapy, preserving distance between tumors and normal organs. The spacer safely absorbs by the body without causing serious complications.
Researchers have discovered that natural disasters like earthquakes and hurricanes follow a power law distribution, where smaller events occur more frequently. However, some events like forest fires deviate from this pattern and follow a lognormal distribution, contradicting previous studies.
A UC Davis study highlights the need for a coordinated international policy to address the global nitrogen problem. The research suggests that applying fertilizers more precisely, removing pollution from the environment, and empowering consumers to think about sustainable food options can help alleviate the issue.
A study finds that global warming is increasing unexpected ocean temperatures in large marine ecosystems, threatening their diversity and productivity. Forward-looking strategies are more advantageous for adaptation, suggesting that many LMEs will push to their limits due to extreme ocean temperatures.
A randomized controlled trial found that ultrasound-guided IV line placement increased first-attempt success rates to 85.4% compared to traditional methods at 45.8%. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers report a significant reduction in needle sticks and improved patient satisfaction.
A Rutgers-Camden study reveals that individuals with poor physical or mental health are more likely to commit crimes and return to prison. The researchers found that limited employment opportunities and family conflict exacerbate recidivism, highlighting the need for improved healthcare in prisons.
Tropical Storm Lekima was formed on August 4 as Tropical Depression 10W, strengthening into a tropical storm on August 5. NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed the storm, finding cloud top temperatures of strongest thunderstorms as cold as or colder than minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
A study in northern China suggests replacing solid fuels with electricity or natural gas can substantially reduce air pollution emissions and wintertime indoor particulate matter concentrations. Successful replacement of 60% or more households could lead to significant health benefits, lowering PM levels from 209 μg/m3 to 125 μg/m3.
Researchers found that when zebrafish are exposed to certain toxins, their gut sheds up to a quarter of its cells through a process called delamination. This may be an effective defense mechanism, and further study is needed to understand its implications.
Researchers create paper-based structures that mimic aortic valves, allowing them to study how calcifying diseases slow or stop hearts from functioning. The device helps understand the chemical transactions in heart disease and may eventually lead to non-invasive medication.
Researchers from SUTD examine Parrondo's paradox across biology, finding connections between disparate studies that suggest a unified fundamental characteristic of life. The study reveals nested recurrent mechanics spanning the entire biological gamut.
Researchers estimate that it would take approximately 50 million years to recover the number of bird species lost since humans first colonized New Zealand. The conservation initiatives currently underway in New Zealand may prevent millions of years of evolution from further loss.
A study found that sleep plays a vital role in evaluating business ideas, with entrepreneurs who get at least seven hours of sleep consistently selecting the best pitches. The research suggests that lack of sleep can lead to less accurate beliefs about the commercial potential of new venture ideas.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and Drexel University aim to discover a simpler, less energy-intensive way to create ozone for water sanitation. The project seeks to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of ozonated water production.
A recent study suggests that restoring forests can stabilize carbon stocks and reduce the risk of severe wildfires. By thinning out dense vegetation and promoting biodiversity, restored forests can store more carbon than damaged ones. This approach has the potential to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
A comprehensive review of 103 studies involving nearly 478,000 European children aged 2-13 found that nearly 20% were obese and over 15% were overweight. The study highlights the urgent need for effective prevention strategies to address childhood obesity in Europe.
Researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Universidad de Zaragoza have successfully developed a method to image complex hidden scenes using a projected virtual camera. This technology can overcome current limitations in non-line-of-sight imaging, including varying material qualities and large variations in brightness. Th...
A new study by CABI presents guidance on monitoring non-native pests that can pose a serious threat to forest resources. The team recommends considering important factors when monitoring for non-native pests, including the location and timing of sampling, to ensure effective biosecurity measures are taken.
Researchers have designed an innovative radiative cooling system that can help cool buildings in crowded metropolitan areas without electricity. The system uses a special material to absorb heat from the air and transmit it into outer space, resulting in temperature reductions of up to 11 degrees Celsius at night.
A University of Sussex research team has developed a personal sound projector that can track a moving individual and deliver an acoustic message in real-time. The system uses a low-cost camera to focus sound on a target, creating a sphere of sound around 6cm in diameter.
A new study led by two Japanese researchers found that pre-modern ironwork had significant impacts on the current distributions of 21 mammalian genera native to Japan. Medium-to-large mammals responded positively, while small mammals were negatively impacted due to habitat degradation.
Researchers have successfully controlled the electrical properties of Weyl semimetals using light, which can be used to create new electronic devices. The discovery was made possible by developing a theoretical framework that explains how light interacts with these materials.
A new study uses AI to predict food product recalls from Amazon reviews with 74-percent accuracy, identifying thousands of potentially unsafe products. The researchers trained an existing AI called BERT on customer reviews to identify recalled foods and found terms associated with FDA recalls in 20,000 other reviews.
Research found that mice exposed to low-dose radiation for six months experienced impaired cellular signaling, leading to learning and memory problems and increased anxiety behaviors. The study highlights the need for safety measures to protect astronauts' brains during deep space missions.
A recent study in Nature Ecology and Evolution found that gene arrangements in the genome have played a key role in animal evolution. The researchers discovered that genes present together in several species are also active in the same cells, highlighting a new perspective on investigating cell type identities.
A study by Georgia State University researchers found that blocking the bacterial pathogen's ability to uptake zinc can prevent gonorrhea infection. The study provides insight into how to block growth of this pathogen and could move gonorrhea vaccine development forward.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a set of eight fluorescent surfactants that can capture images of single nanotubes or cells using fluorescent microscopy. These compounds show promise for use in medicine, manufacturing, water purification and biomedical applications.
Researchers discovered a small misalignment of magnetic coils in a tokamak facility that caused errors and deviations from optimal alignment, leading to increased localized heating and reduced plasma rotation. The findings have implications for future fusion devices like ITER, with improved engineering tolerance requirements proposed.
A study of 180 deceased football players with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) investigated the association between brain white matter pathologic changes, cerebrovascular disease, and dementia. The findings suggest that brain damage in deceased football players is linked to increased risk of dementia.
University of Illinois researchers discovered that tiny defects formed during fabrication can be used to direct molecules into membrane pores. Their findings could lead to devices that quickly sequence DNA for personalized medicine, increasing capture throughput by several orders of magnitude.
Researchers at Tohoku University have successfully observed the microscopic chemical bonding state of ultrathin MgO using AR-HAXPES. This breakthrough could lead to improved MgO quality and accelerated development of STT-MRAM, a non-volatile memory with high-performance and low power consumption.
A new study has identified 141 genetic regions associated with the risk of developing asthma, hay fever and eczema. The research also found that many patients diagnosed with one disease develop the others at some stage in life.
A study of 8,183 TRICARE patients found no significant differences in quality-of-care metrics between African American and white patients following coronary artery bypass grafting. The results suggest that universal insurance and equal-access healthcare systems may be eradicating racial disparities in care.
Recent studies reveal that pesticide adjuvants, commonly added to plant protection products, can be toxic to honey bees. Adjuvants increase mortality rates, reduce colony size, and impair brooding when co-applied with neonicotinoids, highlighting the need for environmental safety assessments.
A Cornell University study found that foreign-born PhDs are less likely to work at startups, citing visa policies as a key obstacle. Despite applying at the same rate as US citizens, they often choose large companies with resources to sponsor visas.
Four biomedical research projects funded by iTHRIV will address disparities in healthcare access for underserved communities. The projects focus on improving colorectal cancer screening, addressing postpartum depression, and the benefits of urban walking. Community organizations and academic researchers will collaborate to develop sust...