Researchers used neuroimaging techniques to reveal that severe oxygen deprivation is the biggest cause of malaria deaths in adults. The study found no correlation between brain swelling and death in adult patients, unlike children, who die from respiratory arrest caused by brain swelling.
A University of Otago study found that quality sleep, rather than quantity, was the strongest predictor of mental health and well-being in young adults. The three pillars of good mental health identified in the study are sleep quality, exercising, and eating more raw fruits and vegetables.
A UVA-led team has been awarded $600,000 to develop a new coating that will enable a niobium alloy to perform at 1800°C. The HERO coating aims to increase the materials' temperature tolerance by 200 degrees Celsius, addressing a critical challenge in turbine engine technology.
A new study explores the climate consequences of developing countries reaching a specific per-capita GDP level before reducing carbon emissions. The research suggests that delaying decarbonization in these countries would result in less than 0.3°C of additional warming and only a 6% increase in total cumulative CO2 emissions by 2100.
Researchers Gustavo D. Aguirre, Jean Bennett, and Albert M. Maguire receive $1 million prize for developing FDA-approved gene therapy for Leber congenital amaurosis, a genetic disease causing visual impairments. Their work has enabled routine treatment of the condition, restoring vision in children and adults.
Researchers found that unusual warm Pacific seawater and sustained high air pressure over the Bering Sea led to delayed sea ice formation in the Pacific Arctic region. This study improves Arctic sea ice forecast and benefits global weather forecasting and local ecosystem health.
Researchers from three US DOE labs outline a framework for engineering-based modeling and analysis to support complex optimization of hybrid energy systems. The study presents an objective new path forward for leveraging multiple energy sources to maximize value.
Outpatient buprenorphine prescribing regulations were temporarily relaxed during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in changes to dispensing patterns. The study examined these patterns in Texas before and after the relaxation.
The NUS team developed novel strain sensors using MXenes that are 10 times more sensitive and can transmit data wirelessly. These sensors have potential applications in precision manufacturing, robotic arms, and soft robotics.
A new study by UMBC physicists finds that black hole jets primarily release energy in the molecular torus, rather than the broad-line region. This resolves a decades-long debate on jet formation and structure, offering clues to how jets initially form and dissipate energy.
Research by Mariana Muñoz-Romo and colleagues found that male fringed-lipped bats produce larger, more pungent forearm crusts in males with higher testosterone levels and larger testes. These findings suggest that the size of the crust is linked to mating and reproduction.
Researchers found decreases in reported cases of chlamydia and syphilis, but a rise in syphilis cases, with weekly numbers for STIs inversely rising or falling with COVID-19 case reports. The pandemic may have led to fewer people seeking medical attention for STI symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have designed a new tetrahedral 'chiral zinc' molecule with exceptional stability and catalytic activity. This discovery could lead to breakthroughs in pharmaceuticals and optical electronics by allowing for more efficient synthesis of chiral molecules, which are essential for many drugs.
Nicotine vaping among US youth increased in prevalence from 2017 to 2020, with a significant rise in perceived harm. The study found that accessibility of nicotine vaping products also increased during this period.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute, INOVIO, AstraZeneca, and Indiana University are developing synthetic DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies (DMAbs) to combat COVID-19. These novel therapeutics instruct the body to produce highly specific antibodies against pathogens, offering advantages in scale-up and delivery.
Rice University scientists found that van der Waals force can indent rigid nanosheets, changing their electromagnetic properties. The researchers discovered that the force is sufficient to deform 8-nanometer-thick silver sheets into curvilinear structures with potential applications in nanophotonic research and catalytic systems.
Tumor cells produce excess complement protein iC3b to mask abnormal proteins, evading immune cell attack. The immune system relies on a flexible receptor CR3 to distinguish between 'I belong' and 'I don't belong' tags.
Despite telehealth visits, fewer people began new medication treatment and less urine testing was conducted across all patients during the early months of the pandemic. The study found that established patients continued to receive needed care, but new patients who needed help might not have been getting it.
The SyNRG team at the University of Illinois is exploring a new sub-area of mobile technology called 'earable computing' that will run on earphones. This platform aims to continuously sense human behavior, provide acoustic augmented reality, and offer seamless security, among other capabilities.
A new study identified an adenovirus gene therapy vector carrying a VEGF isoform that can improve uterine blood flow in placental insufficiency. Reduced uterine blood flow and lack of bioavailable VEGF are major causes of severe fetal growth restriction, leading to serious neonatal morbidity and death.
A study published in Medical Care found that the mean doctor visit lasts 18 minutes, while the median is 15 minutes. The actual time spent with patients deviates from the schedule for over two-thirds of visits, with shorter appointments often running over and longer ones ending early.
The project, funded by NASA's University Leadership Initiative, will create a new paradigm in sensing for hypersonic vehicles. Researchers will use scientific machine learning methods to analyze aerodynamic changes during flight tests and infer where force is being applied.
A University of Michigan-led study finds that urine diversion and recycling can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, energy use, freshwater consumption, and the potential for algal blooms. The method also has lower environmental impacts than conventional wastewater treatment and fertilizer production methods.
A study by St. Edward's University found that bearded sales personnel are viewed as more expert and trustworthy than clean-shaven counterparts, leading to increased purchase likelihood and satisfaction. The researchers discovered this effect regardless of the salesperson's race or ethnicity, age, attractiveness, and context.
A new study from the University of Illinois found that consuming avocados as part of a daily meal increased beneficial bacteria and improved gut health in adults with overweight or obesity. The research also showed that avocado consumption reduced bile acids and increased short-chain fatty acids, leading to positive health outcomes.
New study assesses association between clinical and financial integration, finding that financial integration has few positive effects on patient outcomes. Clinical integration, however, is associated with greater use of quality-focused care delivery processes and less spending.
A new study predicts a 60% greater melting of the Greenland ice sheet than previously predicted, leading to a 18 cm sea level rise by 2100. The MAR model suggests that increased Arctic warming will contribute significantly to this melting.
A six- to ten-week resistance training program significantly improved knee flexion peak torque and vastus lateralis thickness in older adults who received peanut protein supplementation, compared to those without. The study found that PP supplementation increased muscle strength and growth in untrained older individuals.
A new center at Clemson University will support research on autonomy-enabled ground vehicles, digital engineering, and virtual prototyping. The project aims to reduce timelines for innovation in the autonomous space and fuel next-wave mobility technologies.
A new study highlights the importance of coordinated policy reforms in supporting renewable electricity across EU member states. Without coordination, investors may shift their focus to subsidized technologies or countries with available subsidies, increasing the overall costs of expanding renewable energy generation in Europe. Strengt...
Researchers used bioelectronic stimulation to modulate lymphocyte activation in the spleen, potentially influencing hypertension. The study suggests a non-pharmacological approach to treating high blood pressure.
Researchers at Sungkyunkwan University found that stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can reduce severe intraventricular hemorrhage-induced brain injuries in newborn rats. The neuroprotection is primarily mediated by BDNF transfer via EVs, providing a promising potential treatment for bleeding in the brain.
This study compared opioid use disorder treatment during early COVID-19 pandemic months with 2019 data, focusing on medication fills, outpatient visits, and urine tests among privately insured individuals. The findings highlight the challenges of treating OUD during a global health crisis.
Research studies examine how media shapes public perceptions of COVID-19, including factors like cultural cognition, emotions, and risk perception. Findings reveal that people who experience fear and anger are more likely to support government responses, while those who trust scientific judgments have higher risk perceptions.
A preliminary study found that a drug helping immune cells self-clean can improve vaccine protection in older adults. The drug boosts autophagy, which is blunted in older individuals, restoring immune cell function and enhancing vaccination efficiency.
The COHORT Academy Programme has become a global leader in collaborative use of existing research data, integrating basic and clinical research to improve scientific impact. This collaboration is exemplified by six multidisciplinary projects that combined different datasets for healthy ageing studies.
The pandemic is affecting various groups in unique ways, with farmers facing supply chain disruptions, office workers experiencing 'Zoom fatigue,' and children seeing an increase in domestic accidents. Researchers are exploring these individualized effects to inform public health solutions.
A new study from University of Alberta researchers found that women are at a 20% higher risk of dying or experiencing heart failure after a heart attack compared to men. The study examined data on over 45,000 Canadians who were hospitalized for their first heart attack between 2002 and 2016.
A team of international scientists led by Karine Kleinhaus warns of a potential massive oil spill from an abandoned tanker in the Red Sea, which could devastate the region's unique coral reefs and marine ecosystems. The Safer, a floating storage unit with over 1 million barrels of oil, is at risk of leaking into the sea.
A national poll of people aged 50 to 80 found that nearly one in four have visited an emergency department in the last two years due to cost, COVID-19 risk, or delays. Health providers can improve acute care by better supporting older adults during and after medical emergencies.
A new modeling study found that limiting gatherings to fewer than 10 people and closing educational institutions significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Closing schools, universities, and nonessential businesses had a considerable impact on transmission rates, while targeted closures of high-risk businesses showed more benefit.
Research highlights individual-level barriers to COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with severe mental illness, including stigma and lack of access to healthcare. The study identifies system-level solutions, such as improving mental health services and increasing vaccine accessibility, to address these gaps.
Researchers quantify water usage of landscape plants in arid environments to inform irrigation practices. The study found that mature trees become more water efficient, reducing the need for turfgrass, and that removing turfgrass can lead to significant water savings.
Researchers developed a manganese-based contrast agent that is diagnostically equivalent to gadolinium-based contrast agents but without the toxicity, offering a safer alternative for patients with chronic kidney disease. The new agent, Mn-PyC3A, is rapidly and completely eliminated from the body and does not accumulate in tissues.
The study explores how independent transitions of marine fish species into different water column habitats result in the recurrent evolution of similar body shapes. This suggests that limited sets of high-fitness solutions exist due to environmental constraints.
Research studies have found that 3D printer emissions can cause moderate toxicity in human lung cells and minimal toxicity in rats. The emitted particles can affect indoor air quality and public health, particularly for children who are more susceptible to the effects of these emissions.
A nationwide study found that people in Scotland's poorest areas were more likely to be affected by severe Covid-19 and die from the disease. The study highlights the need for extra support to critical care units in poorer areas and tackling health inequalities.
A new permafrost thermal stability map for the Tibetan Plateau has been created with high accuracy, using a combination of ground observation data and remote sensing big data. The map divides the permafrost into five zones, providing critical information for engineering planning and water resource management in the region.
Aerosol-generating medical procedures are a concern due to their high SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk. Four key factors discussed in the article highlight the importance of understanding and mitigating these risks.
A study found that nearly half of adolescents who sought specialty care for a concussion were back to driving within two weeks, despite few returning to exercise and sports. The researchers recommend a staged approach to cognitive activities, including driving, with clinicians implementing a gradual return-to-driving protocol.
Researchers found that wearing a mask can actually increase the inhalation of aerosols into the nose, making fine particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers more problematic. The study suggests that choosing a more effective mask and wearing it properly are crucial to curb COVID-19 transmission.
A doctoral thesis found that flexible working arrangements can improve efficiency targets if employees' preferences for work arrangement are taken into account. Employees often appreciate flexible schedules, but may struggle with maintaining focus outside of traditional hours.
A study published in the Journal of Dairy Science found that kefir sweetened with demerara sugar or fructose has higher sensory acceptance scores and improves consumer emotions, leading to increased consumption.
A US study finds that many donor kidneys are discarded due to low-quality tissue, yet can function acceptably when transplanted. The study suggests that procurement biopsies add little value and may even reduce the supply of available kidneys.
A recent study published in Genome Biology has shed new light on the genetic makeup of microbial communities in the mouth. The research team used metagenomics to analyze the genomes of microbes found in dental plaque and tongue, revealing surprising similarities with those found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract.
A DNA catalogue of Indian greater one-horned rhinoceroses has been created using dung samples, allowing researchers to identify unique individuals and track their populations. This forensic tool helps pinpoint poaching hotspots and trade routes, aiding conservation efforts.
Researchers evaluated 14 experimental bermudagrasses for resistance to fall armyworm damage, identifying a few promising genotypes that are comparable to the industry standard 'TifTuf'. These new genotypes may offer an alternative to environmentally unsound insecticides and help reduce turfgrass damage.
Researchers have realized a reversible superoxide-peroxide conversion in a K-based high-capacity rechargeable sealed battery device, boosting cathode capacity to 300 mAh/g and achieving high energy efficiency. This breakthrough overcomes gaseous O2-related intrinsic defects and phase changes between gaseous O2 and solid Li/Na/KxO.
Researchers have successfully developed a highly efficient technique for producing one-dimensional fullerene crystals, called fullerene finned-micropillar (FFMP), that can be produced in an hour. The team achieved this significant breakthrough by utilizing a small heating apparatus and annealing process.
A University of Bath expert cautions that digital trackers for mental health are not yet fit for purpose due to unclear links between online and offline behavior. The researcher highlights concerns over privacy, data protection, and the potential impact on vulnerable populations.