ModMol is an augmented reality app that allows users to visualize and edit molecules in 3D. The app currently supports 115 molecules, including organic and inorganic systems, biomolecules, polymers, and proteins. It enables users to customize molecules using the period table and standard fragments, and save edited structures for export.
Researchers found that urban landscapes and human-caused aerosols can start storms sooner and pull them towards cities. In Kansas City, urban land and aerosols amplified large hail by 20%, while in Houston, they led to longer-lasting rainfall that developed earlier.
A new study by HSS researchers found that patients with skeletal abnormalities are more likely to experience complications after spinal fusion surgery. The study used high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans to assess bone quality and identified specific abnormalities linked to postoperative complicat...
Researchers discovered water's unique properties when confined in a tiny cage, facilitating access to the catalytic center. The team showed that water forms a droplet inside the cage, structurally and dynamically distinct from known phases of water.
Researchers found dicamba interferes with glyphosate and clethodim control, reducing effectiveness by 25% and 6.5% respectively. Junglerice was the most prevalent weed to escape treatment in dicamba-resistant fields.
A team of researchers has discovered a new complex europium hydride, Eu8H46, which has a structure of 54 atoms. The discovery was made possible by the efficient USPEX crystal structure prediction tool, which helped understand and explain experimental data.
Computational simulations reveal that fast walking in narrow corridors creates a higher transmission risk for COVID-19. The shape of the space and airflow patterns behind an individual playing a significant role in this outcome. Children are particularly vulnerable due to the trailing of virus-laden droplets at mouth level.
Levels of nicotine and marijuana vaping among US teens remained high in early 2020, despite a slight decrease in some trends. Nicotine vaping declined among 10th and 12th graders, but daily use remained high. The MTF survey found that vaping device brands have shifted, with teens moving to disposable devices.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that climate change, not Genghis Khan, led to the decline of Central Asia's medieval river civilizations. The research found that decreasing river flow due to drought was equally important for the abandonment of these city-states as the Mongol invasion.
More than 230 Indiana nursing homes signed up for a program to improve COVID-19 preparedness, safety and infection control. The ECHO program offers weekly calls for nursing home leaders to discuss best practices and share experiences.
A recent study by California Polytechnic State University found that exposure to recorded birdsong can significantly improve humans' sense of well-being, especially in protected areas. The researchers discovered that even short periods of time spent listening to birdsong can have a positive impact on mental health.
Researchers at Lund University found that genes contribute more than previously thought to knee injuries, accounting for 69% of cases. The genetic risk was equally high in men and women, suggesting a possible preventive strategy by family members.
Researchers found that California's winter precipitation projections are likely to be drier than expected due to a persistent error in climate models known as the double-ITCZ bias. This bias can lead to reduced winter precipitation, less spring runoff, and increased wildfire risk in the state.
A Finnish study of 1,449 participants found that those with better midlife heart health scores had a lower risk of dementia later in life. Maintaining lifelong cardiovascular health behaviors may reduce dementia risk, according to the findings.
A new study found that US kidney biopsies don't add value beyond standard donor and recipient characteristics in predicting survival. Many discarded kidneys would likely benefit US patients awaiting a transplant, with some matching transplantation outcomes in Europe.
A Flinders University study found that guns and drugs are linked to serious crime and that reducing access and value in popular culture can decrease their appeal. Experts say broad social changes are needed to make guns less attractive for criminals.
Ancient fish fossils show that teeth and dermal odontodes, a hard structure similar to teeth, are linked by the same development system. High-resolution X-ray imaging reveals changes in their appearance as they develop, suggesting different chemical signals direct their growth.
A study estimates that nearly a quarter of the world's population may not have access to a COVID-19 vaccine until at least 2022. Researchers found that 3.7 billion adults worldwide are willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, highlighting the importance of equitable strategies.
A recent study identified four attributes that predict user satisfaction with customer service chatbots: convenience, useful information, pleasant interaction, and social presence. The researchers found that companies investing in AI-driven chatbot services must prioritize data protection to boost user loyalty.
A National Eye Institute-supported clinical study found that surgical and injectable drug approaches are equally effective in treating bleeding inside the eye from proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Most participants needed both treatments to improve vision over two years. The findings provide useful guidance for clinicians managing p...
A new study by MIT researchers reveals that Arctic eddies are driven by ice friction and ocean stratification, leading to a seasonal shift in their activity. The findings suggest that as the Arctic loses summertime ice, waters will become more turbulent, with implications for climate change predictions.
Researchers from St. Petersburg University and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev discovered cyclophosphates, chemically active phosphorus-containing compounds found in rocks along the Dead Sea. These compounds are thought to have played a key role in prebiotic phosphorylation reactions that led to the emergence of primordial life.
A special issue of Information Polity explores the transparency challenges of using algorithms in government decision-making, highlighting potential benefits and drawbacks. Experts emphasize the need for regulations, organizational policies, and individual training to ensure transparent and responsible algorithm use.
Scientists have developed a new combination therapy that suppresses the MAPK pathway by holding cancer-driving proteins in a death grip. The treatment has shown promise in treating aggressive subtypes of cancers with specific mutations in genes called RAS or NF1.
Researchers discovered massive glutamate surges in brain, sparking spreading depolarizations, a precursor to migraine with aura. The study suggests an imbalance between glutamate release and reuptake may contribute to neurologic diseases, including stroke.
A study by the University of Helsinki found that singing to preterm infants during kangaroo care significantly reduced maternal anxiety. The intervention also improved mood, general wellbeing, and promoted interaction with the infant. Mothers reported continuing to sing at home after the study, establishing it as a daily family routine.
A study published in Circulation found that women are significantly less likely to survive out-of-hospital cardiac arrest compared to men. Women received therapeutic hypothermia and coronary angiography at lower rates, leading to a 22.5% survival rate compared to 36.3% for men.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University discovered a novel role for vasohibin-1 in preventing cancer cells from spreading. The protein inhibits the formation of new blood vessels by interfering with microtubule function, ultimately blocking signals that promote angiogenesis.
Adolescent stress can lead to long-term changes in brain function, resulting in learning difficulties and increased anxiety in adulthood. The study found that rats with impaired stress recovery had reduced cognitive performance and anxiety-related behaviors.
Research finds common starfish can't survive amplified marine heatwaves projected at the end of the century and experience lasting negative effects from current heatwaves. Heatwaves can also negatively affect their feeding, leading to weight loss and potential ecosystem disruptions.
Researchers at UC San Diego used wearable devices to detect fevers in participants with COVID-19, showing promise for an early warning system. The study collected temperature data from over 50 participants and demonstrated that wearables can identify fever peaks more accurately than traditional spot checks.
Scientists have developed a method to predict the specific colors of thin films made from combining any of the 466 varieties of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The research shows that the thinnest and most colorful tubes affect visible light more than those with larger diameters and faded colors.
Researchers analyzed SEER 18 data and found adenocarcinomas to be the predominant cancer subtype in screening, surveillance, and prevention. The study also revealed that carcinoid tumors are increasing at a faster rate than adenocarcinomas, but adenocarcinomas are still steadily increasing in most early-onset subgroups.
A landmark agreement, the Amazon Soy Moratorium, has prevented thousands of square kilometers of deforestation over its first decade, with no negative impact on agricultural growth. The policy's success can be attributed to cooperation among private companies, NGOs, and government agencies.
A new study found that COVID-19 patients are at a higher risk of health complications, hospital readmission, and death in the first 10 days after leaving the hospital. In contrast, heart failure and pneumonia patients have different patterns of readmission or death over 60 days.
Climate change is increasing the frequency of highly toxic algal blooms off the US west coast, producing a neurotoxin that causes severe digestive and neurological symptoms. A new study found that extreme marine heatwaves are now 20 times more likely to occur than they would be without climate change.
Osaka University researchers fabricated centimeter-scale cross-aligned silver nanowire arrays using high-resolution printing. The arrays exhibit excellent transparency and functionality, making them suitable for various applications such as healthcare and civil engineering.
A single-center retrospective study found that 1-year kidney transplant outcomes are similar for HCV-negative recipients from HCV-positive or negative donors. The results suggest that transplantation of kidneys from HCV-infected donors to HCV-negative recipients is a viable option.
A Rochester Institute of Technology imaging scientist has received $194,000 in NGA grants and $197,000 from NASA to develop a new waveform LiDAR method that can create clearer 3D sub-canopy maps of forests. This technology will aid in identifying potential threats and understanding forest physiology.
A study analyzing Arctic tundra shrub-ring chronologies from 1979 to 2008 found that most shrubs experienced increased radial growth as Arctic sea ice declined. However, 39% of shrubs showed decreased growth, often at drier sites, suggesting changes in moisture availability constrain responses to warming temperatures.
Researchers have identified key challenges in understanding photophysics and photochemistry of carbon nanocolloids, a promising candidate for technological and biomedical applications. The findings may pave the way for using adaptable, non-toxic, and sustainable nanomaterials in various fields.
New research from the University of Exeter's Living Systems Institute has found that human embryonic stem cells do not acquire cancer-causing mutations when grown in their most primitive state. The study provides a significant breakthrough in understanding the genetic stability of human pluripotent stem cells.
New research published in Hypertension, an American Heart Association journal, found that high blood pressure, regardless of duration, can lead to accelerated cognitive decline. Effective treatment of hypertension in adulthood may help preserve cognitive function.
A University of Gothenburg study reveals that male managers are more likely to hold negative attitudes toward depression, especially in senior positions. The research, which surveyed over 2,600 managers in Sweden, found that female managers had a significantly lower proportion of negative attitudes towards the mental disorder.
A survey of 788 US adults found that concerns about side effects were a significant barrier to getting the vaccine. Disparities in willingness to get vaccinated also existed among demographic groups, with younger and white respondents more likely to be willing than older and Black respondents.
Researchers from RUDN University have synthesized new chitin-based antibiotics with enhanced antibacterial activity, outperforming existing compounds like ampicillin and gentamicin. The newly created substances also exhibit non-toxicity and potential as catalysts in organic synthesis.
A new study mapped the geographic distribution of live corals across Hawaiian waters, revealing areas of degraded reef and 'refugia' where corals show resilience to human-driven environmental stressors. The detailed maps will inform conservation efforts and help protect coral reefs from critical threat levels by 2050.
Computer simulation is crucial for developing human-interactive smart robots, enabling safer, faster, and more efficient design and control. By analyzing the biology of soft animal structures, researchers can construct virtual proving grounds to understand robot behavior and optimize performance.
A new research group at the University of Oldenburg is studying subsurface processes on North Sea beaches with high waves and strong tides. The team aims to assess the importance of these underground habitats for coastal ecosystems and global carbon, nutrient, and trace element cycling.
Researchers found that a small percentage of locations and events contribute to the majority of annual pollution loads entering the bay. The study suggests targeting 'hot moments' -- not just 'hot spots' -- across impaired watersheds to achieve water-quality-restoration goals.
A large retrospective study found that patients with non-small cell lung cancer who developed two immune-related side effects had improved patient survival and delayed tumor progression. The researchers identified a correlation between multisystem immune-related adverse events and improved survival outcomes.
A recent study published in Oncogenesis suggests that a compound derived from the thunder god vine can attack 'super-enhancers' in the DNA of cancer cells, as well as the stroma surrounding the tumor. This disruption leads to accelerated cancer cell death and improved clinical outcomes for pancreatic cancer patients.
A study suggests that 96% of US crop wild relatives require high conservation priority due to limited understanding of their geographic distribution and current conservation status. Conservation action is needed in taxonomic hotspots across the country to safeguard these genetic resources for breeding and food security.
Researchers find that styrene oligomers (SOs) dilute in water at different rates, with lighter molecules leaching out more readily. The study suggests using a ratio of SO dimers and trimers to identify the source of contamination and estimate bioavailable fractions.
Researchers found a correlation between inflammatory molecules and depression severity, as well as a link between specific symptoms of menopause and depression. The study used data from the Dallas Heart Study to analyze the association between GlycA levels and depressive symptoms in adults.
A study led by the University of Texas at Austin found that bedrock fractures can produce up to 29% of daily average CO2 emitted by land, depending on the season. This source challenges climate change models and sheds light on a previously inaccessible part of the landscape.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed new methods for producing cerium-134, a radioisotope that could serve as a tunable PET imaging surrogate for several alpha-emitting therapeutic isotopes. This breakthrough enables the creation of single molecular systems for both diagnosing and treating cancer in real time.
Researchers found that apathy can signal cognitive decline in people with frontotemporal dementia, even decades before other symptoms appear. The study used brain scans and memory tests to track changes in apathy over time and found that it predicted cognitive problems in individuals with a genetic mutation.
A new study published in the Journal of Medical Entomology found that West Nile virus infection risk varies with neighborhood income in Baltimore. The research revealed that lower-income urban neighborhoods are more prone to mosquito-borne diseases due to environmental factors.
Researchers at the Ragon Institute have developed a new one-step CRISPR technique to rapidly create mice capable of producing human antibodies. The method dramatically shortens the timeline for generating specialized mice, allowing scientists to accelerate their research and respond more quickly to new developments in the field.