Researchers review advancements in biosensing technologies for neonatal sepsis diagnosis, highlighting the need for faster and more accurate methods. Biosensors offer a promising solution, detecting multiple parameters simultaneously with high sensitivity and accuracy.
Researchers collected over 300 samples from the seafloor to study biodiversity, mineral makeup, and ecological effects of toxic waste dumping. They discovered a new area of methane seepage and a whale fall, providing insights into the impact of human actions on deep-sea ecosystems.
Researchers developed a modular organic molecular system with customizable properties, creating a potent dye that absorbs light in the near-infrared range. The pigments' electronic switchability makes them suitable for studying electron transfer in photosynthesis and as efficient electron-transporting materials.
New research published in eNeuro found that premature babies' brain connections at birth can predict their future emotional and social development. The study discovered a link between the strength of the uncinate fasciculus, a white matter tract involved in emotional regulation, and emotion moderation skills in preschoolers.
Scientists from Incheon National University identified interzonal airflow across household entrance doors as a dominant factor in calculating heating loads. They found that strong stack effect and weather-driven airflow rates were larger than external infiltration rates, making conventional airtightness measures unreliable.
A new Rutgers study suggests that food companies use the terms "cell-based" or "cell-cultured" when labeling seafood products made from fish cells. The study found that both terms meet FDA regulations and help consumers understand the production process, while also recognizing potential allergens.
Researchers develop a new unsplit complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer (UCF-PML) method for simulating second-order acoustic wave equations. The TS-CPML implementation outperforms conventional CPML in terms of absorbing efficiency, leading to more accurate seismic wavefield simulations.
A new study found that depression and anxiety symptoms have doubled in children and adolescents globally during the pandemic. The study recommends prioritizing recovery planning now to mitigate sustained mental health effects.
A study reveals that birds' eye size reflects their environment, diet, and behavior, providing insights into conservation efforts. The research suggests that larger eyes are associated with closer proximity to the equator and foraging habits near the forest floor.
Scientists aim to develop computer models that can forecast earthquake chances and impact, like weather forecasting. The project will also train students and researchers from diverse backgrounds to work on computational geoscience.
A recent study found SARS-CoV-2 infection among maternal-infant pairs to be extremely rare in early infancy. The findings suggest that while transmission is uncommon, continued monitoring and vaccination efforts are necessary to protect newborns from COVID-19 and its variants.
Researchers found that consuming dileucine enhances the metabolic processes driving muscle growth, resulting in a 42% increase in protein synthesis. In contrast, leucine alone showed no significant impact on protein breakdown, highlighting the molecule's potential as a signaling agent for muscle-building pathways.
A pilot study at Baylor College of Medicine found that genetic testing led to clinically significant findings in approximately one-third of patients. The results showed a high rate of genetically actionable issues, with implications on patient care and clinical management.
The new animations create a visual representation of cell respiration, showcasing the breakdown of glucose and release of energy. The animations were built using cutting-edge scientific discovery and research, including models from X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulation.
Researchers discovered that certain catalyst materials, such as erythrite, improve in performance over time due to restructuring. This process increases the surface area of the material, allowing for more reactions to occur, resulting in higher oxygen yields and doubled electrical current generation.
Researchers have identified promising avenues for targeted nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy, specifically targeting the tumor microenvironment. By activating dendritic cells and macrophages, nanoparticles can relieve hypoxia and change the state of an immunosuppressive TME to immunosupportive.
New research published in Social Psychological and Personality Science reveals that men who express support for gender equality can significantly reduce women's anticipation of workplace harassment and hostility. The presence of an ally also increases feelings of identity-safety, such as a sense of belonging and trust in the group.
Warming oceans are causing fish to struggle with both survival and adaptation, leading to potential extinction. The research found that warmer waters reduce the size of fish, making it harder for them to relocate to more suitable environments, and also limit their ability to evolve and cope with changing temperatures.
Researchers have explored the limits of light-matter coupling at the nanoscale, discovering a fundamental physical limit to subwavelength confinement. The study reveals that as light is concentrated into smaller volumes, its interaction with matter changes in ways that cannot be predicted by classical theories.
A study funded by Channel 7 Children's Research Foundation identifies social contexts, supports and systems that helped young adults reject domestic violence. Researchers aim to provide evidence-based information to inform initiatives to encourage healthy relationships.
A new UCLA study found that even one vaping session can significantly increase cellular oxidative stress in healthy younger nonsmokers. The researchers discovered a two- to four-fold increase in oxidative stress levels after a 30-minute vaping session, highlighting the alarming effects of e-cigarettes on young people's health.
Researchers at Rice University found that cool stars have dynamic surface behaviors influencing their magnetic environments and planetary habitability. This study suggests that small stars share similar properties with the sun, enabling predictions for exoplanet conditions.
A new study found that being overweight causes depression, with a link between higher BMI and poorer mental health outcomes. The research suggests that both physical and social factors play a role in this relationship, indicating that obesity can have a significant impact on mental wellbeing.
Research suggests COVID-19 pandemic fuels antisystemic attitudes and motivations for political violence, with no correlation to peaceful activism. The study found that in the US, those experiencing higher psychological burden were more likely to engage in violence during Black Lives Matter protests.
Despite guidelines and legal requirements, women remain underrepresented in cardiovascular clinical trials, limiting treatment data on cardiovascular disease. Research shows that women respond differently to drugs than men, highlighting the need for sex-specific data in optimal care.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique that uses light and sound to detect plaques in arteries, potentially preventing strokes and heart attacks. The technique uses nanoparticles that absorb light and emit sound waves, allowing doctors to visualize the plaques in a non-invasive way.
The article considers the ethical issues surrounding enrolling children with neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder and fragile X syndrome, in clinical trials. Parents may face difficult decisions about whether to enroll their children due to concerns about potential loss of positive aspects of their condition.
Researchers developed a microwave sensor to measure antibiotic resistance, reducing wait times and costs. The sensor can detect bacterial growth variations before visible cues, allowing for fine-tuned antibiotic dosing.
Researchers investigated the link between state opioid prescription duration limits and changes in opioid prescribing. The study found that limiting initial opioid prescriptions may lead to a decrease in opioid-related overdose deaths, but also increase unnecessary hospitalizations.
The University of North Florida will lead a six-site study using computerized cognitive training to improve cognition and potentially prevent dementia. The five-year study aims to recruit 1001 participants from the Jacksonville area, with a focus on African American and Hispanic populations.
Researchers found medium tree finch nests with high parasite survival rates, while hybrid finches had lower rates. Nestling behaviour also predicted naris deformation due to vampire fly parasitism.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic and MIT have developed a rapid-sealing paste that can stop bleeding from organs without clotting. The paste works like barnacles, exuding an oil matrix to clean the surface and repelling moisture, before applying a protein that cross-links with tissue molecules.
A University of Delaware study of ocean rocks has informed earthquake science by understanding the properties of underwater faults and their impact on seismic activity. Researchers have found that seawater infiltration in these faults weakens the rock, allowing it to flow faster and potentially reducing the risk of large earthquakes.
Lauren Ross aims to better understand the mixing process in complex estuaries like the Penobscot River Estuary, which affects ecosystems and aquaculture. She will use on-site data and numerical model simulations to quantify the mixing processes.
A new study found that 44% of micro-arteries from patients had abnormal myogenic tone, associated with excessive caldesmon presence and poor cell alignment. This abnormality affects blood supply within the heart and other organs, impacting quality of life and life expectancy.
The study found COVID-19 incidence was significantly higher in Massachusetts prisons operating at a higher percentage of their capacity. In contrast, prisons with more single-cell housing had lower infection rates.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that crowding in prisons significantly increases the risk of COVID-19 infections among inmates. The study suggests that policy changes are necessary to protect this vulnerable population and notes that even a small increase in crowding can pose a significant threat.
A new study by the Prevention Research Center found that California's T21 law has positive public health effects on adolescent tobacco and nicotine use. The law is associated with reduced use among students from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds, particularly among Hispanic and Asian youth.
Rates of COVID-19 hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and in-hospital deaths peaked in December 2020 among adults aged 65+, males, and Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black persons. Effective therapeutics use increased while invasive interventions waned, suggesting clinical practice evolved based on increasing knowledge.
Decades of fire suppression have eliminated valuable wildlife habitat, but allowing lightning fires to burn has restored a resilient ecosystem with increased plant and pollinator biodiversity. This approach also limits the severity of wildfires and increases water availability during droughts.
A UK team developed a portable ventilator to treat COVID-19 patients in developing countries. The Field Ventilator can be used beyond COVID-19 to treat various respiratory diseases and patients needing respiratory support.
Research from APC Microbiome Ireland discovers microbes can rejuvenate aspects of brain and immune function, potentially slowing down age-related cognitive decline. The study introduces a novel approach to reverse brain aging via microbial-based interventions.
Researchers will investigate genetic variation in Kemp's ridley sea turtles to inform conservation strategies, using historical museum samples. The study aims to transform scientific understanding of the world's most endangered sea turtle species amidst climate change and habitat loss threats.
Researchers analyzed association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with breast cancer (BC) by molecular subtype among 296 cases and 259 healthy controls. High hsCRP was associated with increased odds of triple-negative BC, luminal A BC, and HER2-enriched BC.
In a study published in Animal Behaviour, Claire Hemingway found that fruit-eating bats prefer two over one option, but are swayed by the third choice. This suggests that diet and environment play a significant role in shaping their decision-making processes.
A study examining corruption in Chicago's organized crime network found that corruption varied by position, context, and timeline. Corruption was more frequent but less deeply embedded before Prohibition, while during Prohibition it moved up the political ladder to include fewer people more deeply involved.
Researchers at Lancaster University have developed an intranasal COVID-19 vaccine that shows promising results in pre-clinical animal trials. The vaccine reduces the impact of the disease and transmission of the virus, with hamsters showing complete protection from lung infection and inflammation after two doses.
Researchers discovered a novel strain of morbillivirus in a Fraser's dolphin that died on Maui in 2018. The finding alerts scientists to the potential for a novel virus outbreak among Hawaiian dolphins and whales.
Scientists have developed 3D kirigami building blocks to create complex, dynamic structures with tunable mechanical properties. The modular approach allows for easy assembly and disassembly of the structures, enabling users to alter their mechanical properties as needed.
A recent study by North Carolina State University highlights key factors that facilitate engaging nonresident fathers in child welfare efforts. The study found that social service providers who work with male social workers and incorporate specific values and mindsets into their practice can effectively engage fathers.
A long-term study in Elkhorn Slough found that superabundant crabs weaken tidal creek banks, reducing marsh plant growth and increasing erosion. Reducing crab abundance led to increased salt marsh vegetation growth and enhanced sediment density.
Research in the southern Murray-Darling Basin has found a downward spiral in water availability, driven by accelerated changes in climate. Since the 1990s, cool season rainfall and river heights have significantly decreased due to increased evaporation and changed precipitation patterns.
A University of Houston study found that assertiveness is linked to initiating negotiations, while politeness and compassion are not. Women's tendency to avoid negotiating with male bosses may be due to gender norms being perceived as violated by female leaders.
A study found that a body mass index of 25.0 kg/m2 is the cutoff point for developing type 2 diabetes, with elevated liver enzymes increasing the risk. The research suggests a stronger association between BMI and T2DM when liver enzymes are high, likely due to insulin resistance caused by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Research found that men diagnosed with inflammatory arthritis before their peak reproductive years have lower fertility rates, fewer pregnancies, and poor sperm quality compared to those diagnosed at older ages. Inflammatory arthritis is linked to male infertility, erectile dysfunction, and insufficient testosterone production.
A study found that informal parole status uniquely contributes to the likelihood of receiving a prison sentence, with a large and consistent impact across sentencing guidelines. This cumulative disadvantage disproportionately affects Black defendants, exacerbating the Black-White gap in prison sentences.
Researchers have developed a special polymer to coat blood vessels on transplanted organs, reducing rejection rates in mice by substantially diminishing immune system response. The breakthrough has the potential to eliminate the need for drugs that prevent organ rejection and improve transplant outcomes.
Reksulak will lead Convergence Accelerator's planning and budget development, collaborating with program directors on merit review and post-award management processes. He will also advise the community on current and future funding opportunities and coordinate with other programs in NSF and federal agencies.
A new study from Rice University finds that middle-class people who made plans to stay in their neighborhoods before flooding are less likely to relocate even if they suffered significant damage. Long-term planning and social pressure played a key role in residents' decisions to stay or leave flooded homes.
A recent study reveals enormous chemical complexity in commercial beers, tracing tens of thousands of different molecules. The diversity originates from raw materials, processing, and fermentation.