A team of scientists has developed a phonon probe that uses optical fibers to create high-resolution 3D images of biological cells and tissue. The device achieves lateral resolution of 2.5 μm and can measure object height with 45 nm precision, opening up new possibilities for non-destructive diagnostics.
Researchers adapted their laser-induced graphene technique to create fine patterns of graphene in photoresist polymers for use in consumer electronics and other applications. The new process allows for the production of high-resolution, micron-scale lines of conductive graphene, comparable to those achieved by more cumbersome processes.
A study of charging patterns on a University of California San Diego campus found that DC fast chargers were less affected by the pandemic, with usage returning to near-normal levels. The researchers recommend deploying additional DCFCs on campus and beyond to support growing EV adoption.
The study found a significant association between the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine and decreased risk of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in hospital employees. Hospital employees who received the vaccine had lower rates of infection compared to those who did not receive the vaccine.
To reach its goal of 70% renewable energy generation by 2030, New York state will need to utilize lower-grade agricultural land and dual-use (agrivoltaics) options for solar energy development. This approach can help alleviate public concerns and mitigate negative economic activity in rural communities.
A new study reveals that nearly 1 in 5 adults with high blood pressure are taking medications that could elevate their blood pressure. Researchers identified three common culprits: antidepressants, NSAIDs, and oral steroids, which were reported by 9%, 7%, and 2% of participants, respectively.
Healthcare workers who received the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine had lower incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. The study found a significant association between vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine and reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections among healthcare workers.
Great reed warblers climb to record-breaking daytime cruising altitudes of up to 6,200 meters when crossing the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert. This previously unknown behavior may help explain the evolution of nocturnal migration in migratory birds.
A new study found a link between drinking sugar-sweetened beverages and an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in women under age 50. Heavy consumption during adolescence and young adulthood can increase disease risk, suggesting public health efforts to reduce sugar intake may be beneficial.
Researchers discovered a new species of bacteria, Sphingobacterium phlebotomi, in sand fly rearing substrates that attracts pregnant females, offering a potential tool for reducing sand fly populations and preventing diseases like Leishmaniasis. The bacterium's volatile chemicals can be used to create ecologically safe baits or traps.
Researchers have designed new materials with tailored properties by combining different components, offering targeted design options for future functional materials. They discovered a physical effect that enables tuning the color of lighting technologies in a simple way.
A new study led by Kotaro Sasaki elucidates the early biological processes involved in the development of ovaries and testes in human embryos. Researchers analyzed single-cell transcriptome data to understand gene expression at each developmental stage, providing insights into typical and atypical gonadal development.
A study on India's successful polio vaccination program reveals that managerial strategies, including bundling healthcare services, engaging stakeholders, and implementing accountability mechanisms, were crucial to its success. The findings highlight the importance of addressing social trust and political vulnerability in mass vaccinat...
Researchers at Aalto University have successfully evaded the uncertainty principle by measuring the position and momentum of vibrating drumheads. This experiment allows for the characterization of extremely weak forces and provides evidence of quantum entanglement in macroscopic objects.
Researchers found that tumors can take up significant amounts of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel and that manipulating signaling pathways involved in nutrient uptake can enhance its consumption, boosting treatment efficacy
The study reveals that glacial lake outburst floods in the Himalayan region and Tibetan plateau could triple in the coming decades, posing a significant threat to communities and infrastructure. The risk of transboundary disasters will also increase, with new hotspots emerging in regions like the Western Himalaya and Pamir.
A global review of natural disasters reveals a significant increase in violence against women and girls, with stressors like trauma and financial insecurity emerging as key triggers. The study emphasizes the need for gender-sensitive policies and inclusion of women in disaster management to prevent such violence.
A study published in Experimental Physiology found increased stiffness of arteries in young adults after COVID-19, potentially leading to cardiovascular complications. The researchers are following the participants for 6 months to observe any improvements or long-term effects.
Advanced-stage kidney cancer is more common among Hispanic Americans and Native Americans than non-Hispanic whites in Arizona. The study found that Arizona's Hispanic Americans have a two times higher risk of advanced-stage kidney cancer, while Native Americans face a 30% increased risk.
Researchers develop first complete reference method to measure natural brightness of night sky, revealing complex factors affecting glow in upper layers of atmosphere. The study uses network of low-cost photometers to analyze data from 44 darkest places worldwide.
A new study tracked large sharks in Miami and The Bahamas to understand their responses to major storms like hurricanes. Researchers found that different shark species behaved differently by species and location, with some evacuating shallow waters while others remained or even increased in numbers after the storm passed.
Researchers have identified five additional specimens of a 240-million-year-old ichthyosaur, named Besanosaurus leptorhynchus, providing new information on its anatomy, diet, and exceptionally large adult size. The species is the earliest large-sized marine diapsid with a long and narrow snout.
A new study published by the University of Turku found that children born in December are almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with a learning disorder. The study included nearly 400,000 children born between 1996 and 2002 and showed no correlation between ADHD diagnosis and learning disability risk.
Researchers at DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory receive $2 million in funding to investigate magnetic reconnection and plasma blobs that can disrupt communications satellites. They aim to recreate conditions in the magnetosphere using a device resembling an enormous silvery barrel tipped on its side.
New research from the University of Virginia School of Medicine reveals that sleep can increase the risk of sudden death in people with epilepsy. Seizures disrupt the body's natural regulation of sleep-related changes, leading to a slower heart rate and potentially deadly consequences.
Most human origins stories are incompatible with the fossils found today, according to a new review that argues for the importance of fossil apes in understanding human evolution. The study examines the major discoveries in hominin origins since Darwin's time and finds that relying on living apes alone is insufficient.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that people who feel younger have better cognitive functioning, lower inflammation, and a lower risk of hospitalization compared to those who feel older. The researchers suggest that feeling younger could help buffer middle-aged and older adults against stress's negative effects.
A Penn Medicine study reveals that opioid supply shortages in emergency departments can lead to a decrease in opioid use, but no significant change in dosing. The shortage led to a shift from IV opioid use to oral formulations.
A patient support program for people with autoimmune diseases and complex medication regimens can help them avoid using opioids or reduce their use. The study found that patients in the program were 13% less likely to start taking opioid pain medications and 26% less likely to fill two or more opioid prescriptions.
A modified 5:2 diet has shown promising results in reducing scaling and thickness of skin symptoms in psoriasis patients. The study found a significant reduction in Psoriasis severity after following the MIF diet, with 30% of patients reporting a decrease in itching.
A recent study published in the Journal of Law and Society suggests that children are more prone to pleading guilty even when innocent due to their brain development and information processing abilities. The researchers argue that this can lead to inaccurate convictions and recommend tailored protection for young defendants.
A team of scientists at the Paul Scherrer Institute has discovered 27 binding sites on tubulin, a critical protein in the cell cytoskeleton. Eleven of these sites were previously unknown and hold promise for developing new cancer-fighting agents.
Researchers have discovered a new method to track oxygen levels in the ancient oceans by analyzing tungsten isotopes. This breakthrough may provide valuable insights into the evolution of life on Earth and its ability to thrive under various environmental conditions.
A new study by UCSF found that 9 out of 10 clinicians support using telehealth for outpatient care, despite concerns about diagnostic accuracy. Clinicians reported challenges with speech, hearing, and cognitive barriers, as well as limited internet access and language barriers.
A recent study uses phylogenetic methods to integrate vertical and horizontal gene transmission, revealing that genes travel vertically two-thirds of the time. This analysis predicts a root between two major clades, Terrabacteria and Gracilicutes, shedding light on early bacterial evolution.
A study by the University of Basel found that exercise training helps improve motor skills in children born prematurely, leading to better impulse control and reduced behavioral problems. This targeted training may also reduce cognitive limitations, providing essential support for these children as they grow into teenagers.
A UMass Amherst research team has engineered a nanoparticle that can deliver cancer-fighting drugs to specific cells, reducing side effects. The innovation combines biologics and antibody-drug conjugates, enabling safer treatments for various genetic diseases.
Researchers found a significant association between COVID-19-related income loss and financial strain with depressive symptoms, independent of anxiety. Participants who experienced a decrease in income over the study period reported an increase in depressive symptoms.
A new study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in employees, with a 79% risk reduction compared to unvaccinated peers.
A study found that consuming two cans of sardines a week reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 31% in elderly patients with prediabetes. The nutrient-rich fish helped lower insulin resistance, increase HDL cholesterol and improve glucose metabolism.
Scientists have developed a novel artificial color-changing material that can detect seafood freshness by changing color in response to amine vapors released by microbes as fish spoils. The material has the potential to be used in various applications, including stretchable electronics and dynamic camouflaging robots.
Researchers found that calcium ions trigger the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the surface of necrotic cells, activating an enzyme that promotes their clearance. This process is crucial for maintaining body health and preventing tissue damage caused by unremoved dead cells.
The JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an online health policy channel to a peer-reviewed, open-access online journal. The journal is focused on health policy, health care systems, and global and public health, with an editorial team led by John Z. Ayanian and Melinda B. Buntin.
A study suggests that vaccinating older age groups first can significantly reduce disease transmission, mortality, and long-term health impacts. The research found that prioritizing the elderly and medically vulnerable ahead of younger people yields the greatest impact in minimizing loss of life.
The LSE-Lancet Commission calls for increased funding to improve health and care in the UK, with a focus on workforce, disease prevention, and integration of services. The report warns of chronic weaknesses in the NHS, including underfunding, poor coordination, and staffing shortfalls, if action is not taken.
Researchers discovered a novel biomarker, AR CAG repeat length, which is associated with COVID-19 disease severity in men. A prospective study of 65 hospitalised COVID-19 positive men found that males with a CAG repeat below 22 nucleotides were significantly less likely to be admitted into ICU.
Scientists have found that a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern with high intake of vegetables, legumes, and fish may reduce protein deposits in the brain and prevent brain atrophy. The study suggests that adhering to this diet could lower the risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
Scientists found that LCH is caused by senescent cells with a BRAF mutation, leading to inflammation and organ damage. A new study suggests using senolytics to treat the disease, offering hope for patients who have not responded to chemotherapy.
A new study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases found that vaccinating half the US population by summer can prevent 5.8 million cases and $7.8 billion in societal costs. Increasing vaccination coverage to 70% can save even more lives and reduce medical costs.
A study found that psychological distress after a heart attack doubles the risk of subsequent cardiac events in younger adults. Researchers also discovered an association between inflammation and cardiovascular risk among patients experiencing high distress.
Research from University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Yale University suggests that temperature explains why tropical waters have a higher biodiversity. However, global warming could reduce this diversity as temperatures rise, potentially leading to extinctions.
Researchers have found a new feature in the diffuse aurora, where sections of the background-like glow disappear and then reappear after a short period. This phenomenon, dubbed 'diffuse auroral erasers,' has never been mentioned in scientific literature and raises questions about its frequency and potential impact on Earth's climate.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have developed an integrated system to better understand and possibly manipulate gene expression for treatment of disorders like sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. The new method identified dozens of DNA regulatory elements that orchestrate fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch, offeri...
A new report by the University of Birmingham reveals that only 41.4% of respondents in a UK-wide survey expressed interest in participating in COVID-19 vaccine trials. The study found that male graduates, those aged 40-49 and 50-59, and individuals with no health issues were more likely to be interested, while Black Asian Minority Ethn...
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a new metal-free, recyclable polypeptide battery that degrades on demand, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries. This breakthrough technology uses polypeptides, components of proteins, to create a non-toxic and recyclable power source.
A Lancaster University research team has created a groundbreaking interactive paper using the Gather Town platform, allowing for parallel conversations and collaborative 'writing'. The innovative prototype aims to collapse barriers between video conferencing, research conferences, and publication traditions.
Researchers found that sharks rely on magnetic fields to guide them during long-distance migrations. Bonnethead sharks were used in experiments, which showed that they orient themselves based on the magnetic field, even when exposed to fields outside their natural range.
A team of researchers developed an AI technique to accurately detect sarcasm in social media text. The model identifies patterns and cue words that indicate sarcasm, enabling more effective customer feedback analysis.
A new UCSF study reports that cancer patients experience a deep sense of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic, with 53% of participants classified as lonely. The study also found higher levels of depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance among lonely patients.
Two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine provide more than 95% protection against COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation, severe illness, and death, including among the elderly. The analysis also reveals a decline in COVID-19 cases following Israel's national vaccination programme.