A team of researchers at the University of Tsukuba has developed a new method for measuring tiny changes in magnetic fields using nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamonds. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate quantum sensors and spintronic computers, enabling precise monitoring of temperature, magnetic, and electric fields.
The study identified 21 arthropods, 9 nematodes, and 20 pathogenetic species that pose a threat to Kenya's crops and biodiversity. The prioritized species include silverleaf whitefly, peace fruit fly, and yellow crazy ant, which require further monitoring and mitigating action.
A study in the Netherlands estimates a mean incubation period of monkeypox at 8.5 days, with most cases developing symptoms within 13 days after exposure. The findings support the current 21-day quarantine recommendation for preventing infectious contacts.
The European Society of Cardiology recommends genetic testing for athletes with certain genetic mutations to prevent sudden cardiac death. Athletes with conditions like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and long QT syndrome may need to limit their exercise intensity or take preventive measures such as wearing a defibrillator.
A recent study found that while consumers in Finland express openness to shifting towards a plant-based diet, their purchasing trends reflect a strong preference for red meat. The researchers analyzed individualized purchase data of 29,437 customers and found that red & processed meat accounted for 63% of protein purchases, while plant...
A team of UCLA engineers developed a new design strategy and 3D printing technique to build robots in one step. The breakthrough enables the manufacturing of mechanical and electronic systems needed to operate a robot all at once, resulting in lighter weights, bulkier volumes, and reduced force output.
A study by CABI found that 64% of farmers are willing to pay for visits to Plantwise plant clinics to receive advice on crop pests and diseases. The average cost per visit is around $0.27USD, $0.85USD, and $2.225USD in Bangladesh, Rwanda, and Zambia respectively.
A global team led by Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey has secured $25 million to study cachexia, a debilitating wasting condition responsible for up to 30% of cancer deaths. The team plans to build a deep understanding of what causes cachexia and develop novel treatments.
A landmark study published in Frontiers in Physiology suggests that eastward travel can significantly impact home teams' performance in the NBA Finals. The research found that teams playing with 1 hour of eastward jet lag experienced a 0.72-point drop in point differential compared to teams without jet lag.
A UCI-led study found that repeated exposure to hurricanes is associated with symptoms of post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and fear. Repeated threat exposure disrupts the natural healing process, potentially leading to a mental health crisis.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a liquid biopsy that can determine if an esophageal cancer patient will respond to certain treatments. The biopsy uses a panel of mRNAs and microRNAs to predict patient outcomes, with improved accuracy when combined with tumor size data.
A new study demonstrates a computer tool, PrimSeq, that accurately identifies and counts arm movements in people undergoing stroke rehabilitation. The tool has shown to be 77% effective in tracking the intensity of patients' movements during therapy.
A team of international researchers, led by Prof. Dr. Anton Henssen, has won €24 million funding to research the role of ring-shaped strands of DNA in cancer development and how to fight them. They plan to study the structure of the rings, gene expression regulation, and potential therapy targets.
A new study found that farmers can increase farm revenues and double net profitability by harvesting 30% of corn stover for biofuel production. Removal of the stover also mitigates greenhouse gas emissions, but reduces soil carbon content. The approach could help US agriculture reach its goal of net zero emissions.
Untreated primary hyperparathyroidism increases the risk of hip fracture by 51% and heart attack or stroke risk by 45%. Surgical removal of parathyroid glands significantly reduces these risks. The study highlights the importance of identifying patients with this hormonal disease and considering cardiovascular risk in surgery decisions.
The study reveals that the 16th-century E. coli acquired novel genes and antibiotic resistance over time, posing a significant threat to human health despite not causing pandemics. The reconstructed genome provides valuable insights into its evolution and potential role as an opportunistic pathogen.
Life expectancy increased more for Black populations, but significant disparities remain between groups. API and Latino populations had the highest life expectancy, while AIAN populations faced alarming trends.
Researchers from HKU developed a novel photonic chipscope for label-free monitoring of live cell activities. The device enables real-time monitoring without artificial manipulation, providing new insights into fundamental research and drug discovery.
A new study links polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events and pregnancy outcomes during delivery, including preeclampsia and peripartum cardiomyopathy. Women with PCOS are at a higher risk for heart complications compared to those without the hormone disorder.
Researchers found that a Martian meteorite shows evidence of delivering chondritic volatiles to the forming planet before nebular gases, contradicting current thinking. This suggests that Mars' growth was completed before the solar nebula was dissipated, and raises questions about the origin and composition of Mars' early atmosphere.
Researchers found that participants who were more aggressive towards outgroup members exhibited greater activity in the brain's reward circuitry. This suggests that frontostriatal mechanisms play a significant role in motivating aggression towards outgroup members.
A team of astronomers has created a detailed map of the molecular emissions surrounding red hypergiant star VY Canis Majoris. The image sheds light on the mechanisms involved in the final stages of extreme supergiant stars, offering new insights into their processes.
Cattle grazing with protein feed supplements during the fall and early winter can significantly reduce standing fine-fuel biomass by over 50% in cheatgrass-dominated pastures. This reduces fire risk by creating space for native grasses to grow, benefiting both ecosystem health and cattle ranchers.
A recent study using satellite images identified over 450,000 ocean oil slicks worldwide, finding that the overwhelming majority (94%) are caused by human activity. The remaining 6% can be attributed to natural sources, highlighting the need for better understanding of global oil pollution and its impacts on marine ecology.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a scalable and controllable approach to exfoliate high-quality hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets. The new method uses a rapid volume expansion of water in icing to reduce interlayer interaction, resulting in efficient exfoliation.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Neuroscience found that COVID-19 long haulers experience a range of symptoms including brain fog, anxiety, depression, and executive dysfunction. The root cause of these symptoms is often multifactorial and may be influenced by individual characteristics.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have created a genetic toolkit to investigate the molecular mechanisms of a parasitic wasp, Asobara japonica. By analyzing its genome and using RNA interference, they identified key genes involved in venom production and found that suppressing these genes can lead to phenotypic changes.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have developed a pentacene derivative with significantly improved photostability, exceeding 100 times that of existing products. The molecule's planarity and π-electron conjugation are strengthened through the addition of a radical substituent.
Researchers at the University of Houston have made a groundbreaking discovery in repairing and regenerating heart muscle cells in mice. The technology uses synthetic mRNA to deliver mutated transcription factors, which increases the replication of cardiomyocytes. This finding has the potential to become a powerful clinical strategy for...
A study from the University of California, Davis, shows how humans use cognitive maps to infer indirect outcomes, allowing for accelerated learning and faster decision-making. The researchers found activity linked to inferential learning in the prefrontal cortex and midbrain, implicating dopamine in updating beliefs through inference.
An interdisciplinary team of Northwestern University researchers has developed a new method to determine the fingerprint of neighboring disorder in 2D materials. This method enables a universal curve that characterizes disorder potentials, leading to improved performance in transistors and gas sensors.
A team led by Professor Anton Henssen is investigating extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) in cancer research. The researchers aim to understand how DNA rings contribute to tumor aggressiveness and develop effective therapies to slow them down.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a commercially viable perovskite solar cell that can last up to 30 years, outperforming industry standards. The device's durability and efficiency meet common standards, marking a significant milestone for renewable energy technology.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan have created wearable human motion devices that can track a multitude of activities, including breathing and muscle contractions. The devices use a two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial called MXene alongside a conductive polymer for electromagnetic interference shielding.
A world-class team led by Dr. Catherine Bollard aims to develop novel immunotherapy treatments for children with solid cancers, aiming to improve survival and diminish lifelong toxicities. The team will receive $25m funding to tackle the challenging issue of solid tumors in children.
The Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST) has confirmed an anomaly in previous experiments, which may point to the existence of a sterile neutrino or indicate a need for reworking fundamental nuclear physics. The results were recently published in Physical Review Letters and Physical Review C, sparking debate among scientists.
A recent statewide census of California bumble bees found significant declines due to climate change, urbanization, and pesticide use. Despite finding most common species, researchers failed to locate several iconic species, including the Western bumble bee, highlighting urgent need for conservation efforts.
Researchers have developed a novel fusion protein that enables the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using widely available glucose meters. The test was validated on various patient samples and found to be as accurate as four different ELISAs.
Astronomers discovered five isolated 'blue blob' systems containing young, blue stars and little atomic hydrogen gas. The presence of mostly young stars and lack of gas suggests recent gas loss, contradicting expectations of older red stars.
High concentrations of disinfection byproducts in tap water are linked to adverse health outcomes. Researchers suggest adopting solutions such as advanced water treatment and sourcing water from less polluted areas to reduce the risk. Additionally, nanofiltration is proposed as an effective household treatment to improve water quality.
Researchers discuss Hepatitis D's life cycle and interactions with its host, exploring strategies for further research to combat this overlooked virus. HDV coinfects people with hepatitis B, rapidly progressing to liver cirrhosis and cancer if left untreated, with a review published in the Chinese Medical Journal.
A Boston University School of Medicine study finds that virtual reality technology enhances interprofessional training to address social determinants of health, making it a feasible learning model. The study shows improved patient engagement strategies, healthcare leadership capacity, and increased collaboration among disciplines.
A new study found that women over 40, non-Hispanic Black women, and those with lower education levels are more likely to experience infertility. The US fertility rate has plateaued, but access to healthcare services is a significant factor in preventing infertility.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a groundbreaking microscopy technique that allows for the study of proteins, DNA, and other biological particles in their natural state. This innovation enables earlier detection of promising drug candidates and provides valuable insights into cell communication processes.
Researchers developed an AI method to automatically detect plaque erosion in heart arteries using OCT images. The new technique uses neural networks and post-processing algorithms to predict regions of possible plaque erosion and refine the initial prediction based on clinically interpretable features.
Researchers have developed a strategy to modulate the composition of C. acnes strains by using bacteriophages, reducing pathogenic strains while preserving beneficial ones. This approach aims to treat acne without altering its equilibrium.
A team of Chinese and U.S. scientists created the first global map of chronic oil slicks in oceans and found that more than 90 percent come from human sources. Most slicks occur near coastlines, with significant reductions in pollution around regulated offshore areas.
Physicists at Rice University have created a quantum simulator that reveals the behavior of electrons in one-dimensional wires, shedding light on spin-charge separation. The study's findings have implications for quantum computing and electronics with atom-scale wires.
A recent study found that women's desire for leadership roles has remained unchanged over the past 60 years, with a persistent gap in aspirations. The researchers analyzed data from leadership studies and found that even without systemic discrimination, women are less likely to express interest in leadership positions.
A study of ancient DNA from a 100,000-year-old polar bear genome found that extensive hybridization between polar bears and brown bears occurred during the last warm interglacial period. As a result, all living brown bears today have some polar bear ancestry.
Gram-negative bacteria rely on cell wall to synchronize outer membrane building, but a new study identified 'old' peptidoglycan as the key factor controlling this process. Disrupting this mechanism makes Gram-negative bacteria vulnerable to targeted antibiotics.
Scientists have discovered a new multiplanet system about 33 light-years from Earth, featuring two rocky, Earth-sized planets. The inner planet orbits every 2.8 days and is twice as massive as the Earth, while the outer planet orbits every 5.7 days and is three times as massive.
Two new species of giant dwarf crocodiles, Kinyang mabokoensis and Kinyang tchernovi, were discovered in East Africa between 18 million and 15 million years ago. The ancient forms were massive predators that likely posed a significant threat to human ancestors.
Researchers from the University of Georgia Laboratory of Archaeology have discovered evidence of 'council houses' on the Cold Springs site, dating back to around 500 A.D. The findings indicate that democratic institutions associated with collective governance were present in the Americas for at least a millennium before European contac...
A new study published in mSystems demonstrates that a surface sampling method can detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA on surfaces, improving environmental surveillance in public health labs.
A study of over 100,000 individuals found that those who sat for six to eight hours a day had a 12-13% increased risk of early death and heart disease, while those who sat for more than eight hours daily increased the risk by 20%. High amounts of sitting time were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease globally.
New Zealand military veterans experience high levels of anxiety and depression, but also struggle with pain and mobility. Factors such as age, deployment, psychological flexibility, and sleep quality are associated with better health outcomes.
A new study finds that the quality of dog-owner relationships is similar between Canadian-born dogs and internationally sourced dogs. Owners reported equal satisfaction, attachment, and problematic behaviors, suggesting owner attitudes play a greater role than dog characteristics.
The Safeguard project recommends improving pollinator knowledge, tackling causes of decline, and raising awareness to reverse the 2030 pollinator loss objective. European Commission's public consultation gathered views on strengthening the current framework on wild pollinators.
Astronomers used the Gemini South telescope to capture high-resolution images of dusty disks around 44 young massive stars. The survey found that smaller star-mass systems have ringed structures, while more massive systems do not.