Ternary intermetallics exhibit better ORR activity than binary PtMn, with precise strain modulation improving catalytic performance. The optimal Pt-Pt distance and d-band center enhance oxygen reduction activity and stability.
A recent study found that frequent surface disinfection can significantly reduce the risk of norovirus infection in airports. Disinfecting public surfaces every two hours lowered the infection risk by 83%, while handwashing and mask-wearing had lesser effects.
Insilico Medicine has successfully integrated cutting-edge generative AI models into its platform, achieving significant increases in accuracy and speed. The company's AI-powered solutions have shown promising results in preclinical candidates and Phase II clinical trials.
A University of Michigan study suggests that ethnic studies courses develop critical reflection, a core component of critical consciousness, enabling students to recognize and challenge systemic inequities. Students also valued the content and teaching methods in ethnic studies classes, which emphasized cooperative learning and direct ...
A single mutation in the bovine H5N1 virus can switch its receptor binding from animal-type to human-type receptors, increasing the risk of transmission and potential pandemic. The study highlights the need for continuous surveillance of emerging mutations.
Scientists discover that pregnant and nursing women's intestines undergo significant changes, doubling their surface area and reorganizing villi structure. This adaptation is crucial for the health of babies and may have long-term metabolic consequences.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that the fungal pathogen causing coffee wilt disease took up segments of DNA from a related species, F. oxysporum, contributing to successive outbreaks. This horizontal gene transfer event likely contributed to the repeated emergence of the disease on the African continent.
A recent study found a significant increase in severe multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei infections among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) in Vancouver. The strain, genotype 3.6.1.2, is resistant to nearly all antibiotics, leading to higher hospitalization rates and more severe outcomes.
Wild chimpanzees remember the location of underground army ant nests, using spatial memory to recall their exact position. They also modify their behavior based on previous encounters with the insects, utilizing episodic-like memory to distinguish between visits where ants were present and those where they weren't.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that long COVID-19 is making it harder for people to pay their bills, buy groceries, and keep utilities on. Individuals with lower incomes are disproportionately affected by food insecurity and inability to pay bills due to the condition.
Researchers have discovered a highly electrically conductive material with low thermal conductivity, challenging the link between electrical and heat conduction. This finding could lead to new developments in building materials, performance apparel and energy storage solutions.
Researchers from Juntendo University discovered a four-step neural pathway involved in response inhibition, involving visual processing, sensory integration, action control, and execution of inhibition. The study aims to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for conditions like ADHD and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
A new meta-analysis reveals climate change is reshaping ecosystems and biodiversity globally, altering species distributions and interactions. Under current temperatures, 1 in 20 species will be at risk, with extinction risks escalating sharply beyond this, including 14.9% at 4.3°C
A study by the University of the Basque Country has optimized the conservation of Asian hornet baits, extending their service life to at least 14 days when refrigerated with CO2. This method helps control the invasive species, which is a predator of honey bees and causes significant economic losses.
Ultramicro iontronics enables dynamic tracking of cerebral chloride regulation in real-time. The technology uses ions as signal carriers, representing a novel human-machine interface, and demonstrates the regulatory role of potassium-chloride cotransporter 2 on chloride concentration in brain tissue.
A study from the University of Bath found that people freed from modern slavery often face years of bureaucratic wrangling and legal limbo. Rescued bonded labourers in India were marooned in the legal process for up to 37 years, with many forced back into exploitative work.
A novel computational technique using quantum chemical calculations analyzes carotenoid isomers quickly and accurately, reducing margin of error to 2% and boosting analysis speed by months.
Researchers at KIER have developed a process that applies circulating fluidized bed technology to recycle waste plastics and produce pyrolysis oil on a large scale. The new technology enables continuous operation and scalability, overcoming limitations of conventional methods.
A Penn State research team mapped wild leek habitats in Pennsylvania to provide guidance for forest farming. The study identified suitable sites based on soil, topography, and vegetation characteristics, offering a solution to conservation challenges surrounding wild leek overharvesting.
A self-pay, AI-enhanced breast cancer screening program was offered to patients across 10 clinical practices, resulting in a 43% higher cancer detection rate among enrolled women. The AI-powered program attributed 21% of the increase in cancer detection, with higher-risk patients choosing to enroll more frequently.
Scientists predict the proposed wastewater release into Cape Cod Bay will stay in the bay for at least a month, with seasonal winds affecting its spread. The study used high-resolution ocean circulation models to simulate the plume's behavior and found that the majority of the water will come close to the shore before leaving the bay.
A new study has discovered that close spatial proximity serves as an indicator of friendship in feral female buffalo, with individual personalities playing a key role. The research found that buffalo with similar social tension, vigilance, and general dominance traits tended to spend more time together.
Research from King's College London finds that frequent cannabis use increases psychosis risk, regardless of genetic load for schizophrenia. The study used polygenic risk scores to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and psychosis.
A new study from Tulane University analyzed 260 honey samples from 48 states for toxic metals, finding regional differences in contamination levels. The highest arsenic and cobalt levels were found in Pacific Northwest and Southeastern honeys, respectively, while lead was detected in Carolinas honeys.
A global survey of over 4,700 food allergy patients and families found airline travel to be a significant source of worry and anxiety. The study suggests that reasonable accommodations, such as pre-boarding and allergen-free zones, can reduce stress for travelers with food allergies.
A Phase I clinical trial found that patients receiving itacitinib before and after a 'half-match' stem cell transplant experienced lower-than-expected rates of graft-versus-host disease, with no severe cases reported. The study also showed improved overall survival at one year, with 80% of patients remaining free from chronic graft-ver...
The novel compound HPH-15 outperforms metformin by activating AMPK at lower doses, improving glucose uptake and reducing fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Additionally, it exhibits antifibrotic properties, potentially addressing liver fibrosis.
Infectious disease experts suggest that hospitals closely monitor local and national cases of bird flu and screen patients with flu-like symptoms for contact with farm animals. Effective communication is essential for fostering trust and reducing anxiety among healthcare personnel, patients, and the public.
A new study improves breast cancer risk prediction by analyzing up to three years of previous mammograms, identifying individuals at high risk 2.3 times more accurately than the standard method. The AI method considers subtle changes in mammogram images and holds up well across diverse settings.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have led three studies that provide new insights into treating acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in various high-risk subtypes. The findings reveal that CPX-351 has a survival benefit for patients with AML-MR mutations, but may not be effective for those with TP53 or DDX41 mutations.
A new long-term soil health survey in Uganda aims to understand the role of tenure security and plot decision-makers in soil health outcomes. The survey identifies differences in soil health between plots managed by women farmers and men farmers.
A team of researchers has created the first complete map of the brain's circadian clock in the fly Drosophila, revealing at least 240 neurons involved in regulating daily rhythms. This detailed mapping provides a foundation for exploring circadian dysregulation linked to health conditions such as sleep disorders and metabolic diseases.
A new study by the University of Waterloo found that nearly 68% of Canadian patients who used antipsychotics had more behavioral issues than before medication. Non-drug therapies like music and social interaction have been shown to help manage behavior without antipsychotics.
Scientists have created a living cell therapy that can navigate to specific organs using a
A UK study reveals a software tool increased child vaccinations by over 1,000; healthcare professionals praise digital tool's impact on timely vaccination. The 'APL-Imms' tool uses data to identify due vaccinations and helps reduce vaccine-preventable diseases.
The University of North Florida has been awarded a nearly $800,000 grant from the National Park Service to ramp up coastline restoration efforts in Florida and Georgia. The project will utilize pervious oyster shell habitat (POSH units) to create living shorelines that help restore coastal ecosystems.
A new policy brief found that the number of eligible claims and duration of leave taken increased among both women and men after the policy expansion. This growth is attributed to the expanded program, which now allows for up to 12 consecutive weeks of Family Leave Insurance benefits, increasing the maximum benefit to 85% of wages.
JMIR Perioperative Medicine is launching a new theme issue exploring burnout among perioperative clinicians, including anesthesiologists and advanced practice providers. The call for papers aims to examine the critical issue of burnout within perioperative medicine.
Researchers at Drexel University investigated natural ventilation strategies in historic homes to understand how their inherent energy-efficient features can inform modern energy conservation efforts. The study found that passive cooling and cross-ventilation can achieve energy savings and improve thermal comfort, particularly in hot a...
The Center for Marine Autonomy and Robotics develops advanced underwater robots and autonomy algorithms, enabling intelligent operation without human oversight. The research team has received $7.4 million in grants to continue their mission, advancing unconventional marine platforms and enhancing AUV capabilities.
A new study suggests that chimpanzees exhibit complex behaviors involving the production of elaborate sequences, including planning and adjusting action sequences on the fly. This research provides further evidence that chimpanzees possess human-like technical flexibility.
A study by Chiba University researchers has identified 106 compounds in pregnant women's serum samples, including phthalates, nitrogenous compounds, and parabens, which may impact biological pathways. The study proposes a non-targeted approach for detecting foreign chemicals and evaluating their potential health effects.
Researchers created a comprehensive map of blood cell changes from fetal development to old age, finding that leukemia cells can reflect young or old blood cell production. Patients with leukemia whose cells resemble young blood cells have a worse prognosis.
Researchers at NYU Pain Research Center have found a new receptor for nerve growth factor that plays an important role in pain signaling. The discovery holds promise for finding new treatments for arthritis and other forms of inflammatory and cancer pain without the side effects of recent therapies.
The RC-Metals Project aims to recover precious metals from e-waste using various methods, including molten bath melting processes. The project's main objective is to reduce the accumulation of WEEE waste and decrease the need for importing key-raw materials.
Researchers have discovered evidence of in situ spheroid formation in distant starburst galaxies, revealing that these galaxies can form directly through intense star formation. The study provides the first solid observational evidence for this process and has significant implications for models of galaxy evolution.
Researchers from RCEES have developed a sustainable technology to selectively reduce nitrate to ammonium, increasing rice yield by over 20% while reducing fertilizer usage. The approach also improves nitrogen absorption and reduces environmental risks associated with nitrate pollution.
A new study reveals that alternate-day fasting sensitizes key genes and liver enhancers, leading to enhanced ketogenesis during subsequent fasting bouts. The liver adapts to recurring nutritional challenges through a cellular memory mechanism, highlighting the benefits of intermittent fasting for metabolic health.
The new journal, SCI Sustainability, aims to break down silos and integrate knowledge to promote sustainable development. It will publish research on policy regulation, sustainable technologies, manufacturing, and supply chains.
Researchers have found that B7-H4 helps ACC tumors evade the immune system, leading to poor survival outcomes. A new drug targeting B7-H4 showed promising results in shrinking tumors in aggressive cases.
The study highlights growing disparities in teletherapy access among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Outpatient psychotherapy use has increased significantly among several socioeconomically advantaged groups.
A new study finds that lead exposure during childhood altered the balance of mental health in the US population, leading to higher rates of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The research estimates that 151 million Americans have experienced psychiatric disorders as a result of lead exposure.
A study found that only a small percentage of Ethiopian children under five regularly consume animal-sourced foods, limiting their dietary diversity. Introducing just one meat item into a child's diet each day could make a dramatic difference in preventing stunting and improving cognitive capacity.
New research from the University of Surrey suggests that women and gender minorities encounter unique challenges in utilizing urban green spaces, which can limit their mental health benefits. These obstacles include safety concerns, inadequate facilities, social norms, and discrimination.
A NIH study found that 48.6% of pregnant people with abnormal cfDNA testing results had undetected cancers, including colorectal, breast, and lung cancer. Whole body MRI was the most effective method for detecting cancer in this population.
A new study by Oregon State University found that college students who experience loneliness are more likely to develop insomnia and have trouble sleeping. The research suggests that screen time may actually be a symptom of underlying loneliness rather than the cause of insomnia.
Chinese researchers have developed an on-chip integrated polarization photodetector inspired by desert ants' ability to perceive polarized sunlight. The team created a high-crystalline perovskite single-crystal-thin film with quadridirectional grating arrays, enabling a simple and cost-effective polarization imaging system.
Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, has made significant contributions to the understanding of atherosclerosis through his research on inflammation, thrombosis, and treatment breakthroughs. His work has led to major advances in diagnosis and therapy, including the development of a cardiovascular 'polypill' that reduces cardiovascular mortality.
The new facility enables the evaluation of materials under low-temperature hydrogen environments, critical for reducing production and operating costs. The facility will support the development of cost-effective hydrogen supply chains by validating material properties across a broader temperature range.
A team of Penn State researchers used mathematical modeling to explain the underlying mechanism at play. They found that an energy feedback process is responsible for accelerating electrons beyond the applied voltage.