Botanists have identified six new tree species, including three found only in Panama, using comparisons of dried plant specimens across the Neotropics. The new species are part of the Matisia genus and have been added to herbarium collections in Panama and Colombia.
Scientists develop novel MST detection method using CrAss-like phages (CLPs) to detect human fecal contamination, showing high efficacy and accuracy. The method uses PCR to detect CLP DNA, offering a cost-effective and selective approach to monitoring water quality.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that the recently approved drug atogepant can start working to prevent migraines as early as the first day of treatment. The study, which focused on three trials over 12 weeks, found significant reductions in migraine frequency and severity among participants taking the drug.
A new study by Megumi Watanabe found that glass fences - invisible gendered barriers preventing women from engaging in international research and collaboration - exist within Japan, strengthened by cultural norms. Women are underrepresented among faculty and in leadership positions at Japanese universities.
A new study finds that women with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia are at increased risk of developing new-onset migraine, headache, epilepsy, sleep disorder, or mental fatigue after giving birth. Follow-up care is recommended for these high-risk patients to monitor for neurological symptoms.
The 105th Annual Meeting of the American Meteorological Society will address key issues in weather, water, and climate. The meeting features a Presidential Forum on physical, social, cultural, and economic impacts of climate change, with experts from the region of the Mississippi River Delta.
The new guideline recommends a patient-centered approach to diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, involving goal-setting, risk profiling, symptom description, cognitive testing, and diagnostic imaging. A care partner's involvement is crucial, especially for patients with compromised cognition.
A new study from Ohio State University finds that freezing food can lead to less waste, with households that practice home freezing exhibiting lower levels of total food waste. The study also highlights the importance of proper food storage techniques and education on reducing food waste, particularly among consumers.
A new cryptographic framework proposes a data sharing scheme that guarantees data integrity without compromising privacy. The protocol uses advanced tools like zero-knowledge proofs to ensure confidentiality and facilitate the analysis of encrypted data.
A new study uses machine learning to reduce time needed for calculating screening parameters in Koopmans functionals, enabling faster predictions of material spectral properties. Researchers trained a simple model using modest data and achieved accurate results, paving the way for studying temperature-dependent spectral properties.
Researchers developed biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles that selectively target cancer cells with two approved drug pairs for skin and breast cancers. The treatment showed significantly enhanced therapeutic effects, reduced tumor size, and prolonged median survival in mice.
The study demonstrated a median progression-free survival of 18.2 months and a disease control rate of 97.5% among participants with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. The combination treatment was well-tolerated, with no grade 4 adverse events reported.
Recent advancements in metastatic brain tumors offer hope for treatment. The integration of multi-omics technologies and cutting-edge therapies is shedding new light on the intricate landscape of brain metastasis.
A 500,000-year fossil record study by HKU paleobiologists sheds light on temperature changes and food input shaping deep-sea ecosystems in the Southern Ocean. The research warns that human-induced warming may harm delicate deep-sea ecosystems with potential impacts of marine carbon removal.
Researchers reviewed robotic and intelligent technologies for inspecting composite materials, highlighting their challenges and benefits. Advanced methods like wave-based inspection, non-contact optical techniques, and vision, force, and touch offer precision, efficiency, and automation capabilities.
The 'Bird Sonic' device, developed by Okayama University of Science, was installed at three Kansai airports to deter birds from flying over runways. The system uses high-frequency waves to reduce bird strikes and aims for 80-90% control by gradual reduction.
A groundbreaking study reveals lithium can restore brain function and alleviate behavioral symptoms in animal models of autism spectrum disorder caused by Dyrk1a gene mutations. Lithium normalizes brain size, restores neural structure and function, and improves social interaction and anxiety behaviors.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a technology that can treat colon cancer by converting cancer cells into normal-like cells. The breakthrough involves creating a digital twin of the gene network associated with normal cell differentiation, leading to significant promise for reversible cancer therapies.
Bielefeld University's ZiF offers financial resources and infrastructure to researchers working on interdisciplinary topics. Researchers with a completed doctorate from all disciplines and countries can apply for funding for research groups until April 24, 2025.
A study found that propranolol reduces tremors in Parkinson's disease by inhibiting brain activity and reducing the amplifying effect of the stress hormone noradrenaline. Propranolol also works to reduce tremors at rest, suggesting a role for the stress system even when not under stress.
A new method introduces adversarial attacks on AlphaFold2 to generate mutated proteins, streamlining experimental phase in structure determination and mechanistic studies. The approach identified crucial residues in the transmembrane lipid transporter SPNS2, suggesting alternative conformations.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute and Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin successfully measure the largest magnetic anisotropy of a single molecule using THz electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. This breakthrough has significant implications for energy-efficient data storage, with potential applications in various fields.
Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University discovered that durian plants bloom approximately 50 days after a 15-day dry spell, affecting both grafted and seed-grown varieties. This study sheds light on the tropical ecosystems and can inform effective agricultural practices to predict flowering and manage harvests.
Researchers discovered that blocking cell cycle inhibitor p21 prevents lung cancer cells from entering a quiescent state, allowing for more cancer cell death before and after chemotherapy. This leads to reduced cancer relapse rates, improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a biomarker called TRIM37 associated with aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in Black women. This finding may help develop predictive biomarkers to improve TNBC diagnosis and prognosis, particularly for early-stage patients. TRIM37 overexpression is linked...
Researchers are developing new ways to harvest and adapt energy from everyday home activities, such as turning a doorknob or opening a fridge door. This technology aims to create smart interfaces that can power appliances and assist people with disabilities, increasing energy efficiency and accessibility.
Researchers found that the grinding stones were used to prepare porridge or gruel from early cereal grains, contradicting the assumption that they were used to grind flour for bread. The analysis of microscopic mineral plant remains and starch grains also revealed no evidence of cereals being ground.
Researchers successfully transmit quantum information through a 30-kilometer-long fiberoptic cable carrying internet traffic, introducing a new possibility for combining quantum communication with existing internet cables. This breakthrough simplifies the infrastructure required for distributed quantum sensing or computing applications.
Researchers from Texas A&M University have introduced a novel thermodynamic concept called the 'centotectic,' which investigates the stability of liquids in extreme conditions. The study provides critical information for determining the habitability of icy moons like Europa, with potential implications for planetary exploration efforts.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that older age is associated with small but significant increases in certain complications after breast reconstruction. Older women may be less satisfied with the appearance of their reconstructed breasts, but may have better psychologic adjustment.
A comprehensive analysis of medical AI technologies highlights their potential in improving diagnostic accuracy and customizing treatments. However, challenges such as data collection and analysis, biases, and patient privacy concerns need to be addressed through standardized evaluation protocols and effective collaborations.
Researchers developed a new cathode material using MOF-mediated synthesis, achieving over 1000 stable battery cycles with exceptional capacity retention. The material's unique structure boosts electronic conductivity, inhibits Mn dissolution, and improves long-term cycling stability.
A study reveals that the Russia-Ukraine war has a disproportionate impact on distant countries, leading to higher costs and fewer options for securing food supplies. Researchers used satellite images and metacoupling framework to analyze the connections between regional conflicts and global food accessibility.
Researchers estimate that human-made products store around 400 million tons of fossil carbon annually, equivalent to 9% of extracted fossil carbon. Recycling and increasing product lifetime can help reduce waste streams, while enacting policies to minimize landfill discharge is crucial.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a programmable quantum system capable of independently controlling key factors in electron transfer. This breakthrough paves the way for novel insights into light-harvesting systems and molecular devices.
A research team at Seoul National University developed a hypersensitive, flexible strain sensor that can detect infinitesimal strains as small as 10−5. The sensor, with meta-structured cracks, enables real-time blood flow monitoring for early stroke diagnosis and cerebrovascular disease detection.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have uncovered a mechanism behind cancer progression: the stiffening of tumor cell's environment. This spreading causes increased cell proliferation and tumor growth.
A team of physicists and astronomers found that the Universe is expanding in a more varied way than previously thought, making dark energy unnecessary. The new evidence supports the timescape model of cosmic expansion, which attributes differences in stretching light to calibration issues rather than dark energy.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered an unrecognized role for ALAS1 in regulating microRNAs, which could improve the efficacy of siRNA drugs against disease-causing genes. The finding offers new potential for developing targeted therapies against cancer and other diseases.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a skin-like material that can mimic human skin textures and elasticity, simulating conditions for bacterial growth. The Ecoflex-based skin replicas can be used to test wearable sensors and improve catheter designs, potentially reducing the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections.
Scientists have discovered a way to remove toxic compounds from potatoes, making them safer to eat and easier to store. By engineering plants to control when and where these compounds are produced, researchers envision crops that can be stored without risk of toxicity.
The Ecological Society of America has elected four new Governing Board members and three Certified Senior Ecologists to serve on the Board of Professional Certification. Rese Cloyd will lead efforts to conserve District of Columbia's ecosystems as ESA's president-elect.
Researchers provide comprehensive review of RSV's virology, clinical impact, and prevention strategies, emphasizing the need for effective vaccines to mitigate this critical health need. The review highlights RSV's severe impact on infants, children, and older adults, as well as its potential effects on multiple organs and systems.
Researchers developed a novel AI method using Disentangled Variational Autoencoder (D-VAE) for inverse materials design, making the process data-efficient and interpretable. The method was tested on high-entropy alloys, producing clear results that highlight influencing material features.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that GABA and dopamine signals work synergistically to regulate meal initiation. The study's findings have implications for developing improved therapies to manage obesity, a worldwide epidemic.
Researchers have identified three distinct subtypes of osteosarcoma using advanced mathematical modeling and machine learning. This breakthrough could transform clinical trials and patient care by enabling targeted treatment personalized to individual cancer subtypes.
Dr. Gail Cornwall is investigating the structure of the brain extracellular matrix, a network of proteins and polysaccharides found in the space between neurons and glia. Her research aims to identify novel structural elements and mechanisms that enable brain plasticity and sex-specific responses.
A 13-year-old patient underwent a minimally invasive procedure to receive a dual chamber leadless pacemaker, treating congenital complete heart block. The AVEIR device was implanted via the right internal jugular vein, allowing the child to resume sports activities without restrictions.
Research suggests LKB1's paradoxical pro-tumorigenic properties highlight the need for targeted inhibitors. Studies indicate that LKB1 plays a crucial role in regulating AMPK and reactive oxygen species scavenging.
Researchers developed a method to distinguish between similar odours by detecting small electrical changes in olfactory receptors. This innovation enables more precise sensors for industrial applications, such as odour screening.
A study by UAB researchers found that commercial tea bags release significant amounts of nano-sized particles and nanofilamentous structures when used to brew tea. The particles, made from polymers like nylon-6, polypropylene, and cellulose, can interact with human intestinal cells and potentially cause harm.
NCSA is leading the way in AI research support, partnering with the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource Pilot and the NSF-Simons SkAI Institute. The organization is also working on healthcare projects like MarginDX, combining optical imaging technologies with AI screening tools to ensure accurate tumor removal during sur...
Long-term administration of green tea catechins prevents aging-related CDD and exercise capacity decline, alleviating myocardial apoptosis and mitochondria damage. Green tea catechins increase cardiac troponin I expression by inhibiting histone deacetylase 1.
The team developed a Synthetic Translational Coupling Element (SynTCE) that enhances the precision and integration density of genetic circuits in synthetic biology. This allows for more efficient gene circuit integration, minimizing interference between biological parts and enabling precise control over multiple genes.
A recent study suggests that tiny antenna-like structures on cells called primary cilia could be a potential therapeutic target for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Researchers have identified mutations in the C21orf2 gene, which impair primary cilia formation and structure, leading to motor neuron death.
The RELIEF ureteral stent has achieved FDA clearance as the first and only stent to prevent vesicoureteral reflux. It features a unique suture design that allows natural opening and closing of the ureteral orifice, preventing reflux and discomfort.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine have identified liquid-like condensates as replication hubs for human norovirus. These biomolecular structures are dynamic and can merge or divide, exchanging materials with their surroundings.
A research team led by Dr Sophie Warken analyzed dripstones from the Cloşani Cave in Romania to understand precipitation variability over a period of approximately 20,000 years. The findings show that dynamic processes like the North Atlantic jet stream influence regional changes in precipitation.
A recent study found that nearly two-fifths of women aged 40-49 did not receive biennial mammography screening, highlighting significant gaps in early detection. To optimize breast cancer detection, ensuring equitable adherence to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations is crucial.
Switzerland is affected by Chagas disease, a tropical disease that can cause severe cardiac and digestive complications if left untreated. The Swiss government has established the Swiss Chagas Network to address this issue through coordinated measures.