Researchers at North Carolina State University suggest that the Irish potato famine pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, originated in the South American Andes Mountains. The study compared genetic material from P. infestans with those of close relative pathogens and found distinct differences between the two.
A phase III trial found that combining radiotherapy with cetuximab improved disease-free survival in patients with HPV-negative head and neck cancer, but not overall survival. The treatment was also associated with higher rates of acute toxicity.
The summit features live case demonstrations, interactive debates, hands-on training, and the latest evidence-based practices in structural heart care. Attendees will witness innovation in action, exploring breakthroughs in surgical techniques, transcatheter interventions, and personalized treatment strategies.
Researchers discovered that cells caught up in sepsis send out messages to other cells, causing them to die and fueling the spiraling inflammation. By understanding this process, scientists may be able to develop a treatment for inflammatory diseases like sepsis.
A new study published in Nature Medicine shows a promising approach to preventing metastases in breast cancer patients. Researchers found that administering digoxin reduced circulating tumour cell clusters by an average of 2.2 cells, significantly decreasing the risk of metastasis.
A study analyzing over a million Medicare patients found that those receiving multi-arterial grafts had improved survival compared to single-arterial graft recipients. However, when accounting for unmeasured confounding variables using surgeon preference as an instrumental variable, no difference in long-term survival was observed.
A therapeutic HPV vaccine targeting HPV16 could potentially eliminate precancerous cervical lesions, according to a phase II clinical trial. The vaccine showed significant regression and reduced lesion size in patients with HPV16-positive high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
Studies using a rodent model found sustained increase in neural activity in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) after exposure to a strongly stressful event. This persistent activity is linked to altered behavior, including restlessness and disturbed sleep patterns. The findings suggest a new therapeutic target for stress-related issues.
A cross-sectional study found that detained immigrants experience high rates of poor health, mental illness, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Longer detention periods are associated with higher health harms, emphasizing the need for improved immigration detention conditions.
A study led by Swansea University found that showing people a counter-advertising video increased their resistance to gambling advertisements. The video, which used the gambling industry's own tactics against it, resulted in significant skepticism towards ads and reduced engagement with 'free' offers.
Researchers developed a nanoparticle-based vaccine that generates antibodies targeting conserved regions of sarbecovirus receptor-binding proteins, offering broader protection against multiple strains. The vaccine demonstrated strong antibody responses and protection in animal studies against diverse SARS-CoV-2 and other sarbecoviruses.
A recent case report in Ireland shows the challenges of responding to leprosy in high-income countries where it is rare. The study recommends prioritizing education, stigma reduction, and harmonized public health guidelines for sporadic cases.
A USF study found that patients with pulmonary fibrosis who contracted severe COVID-19 experienced lung improvement. Researchers are exploring factors associated with this finding to develop new treatments, including applying knowledge gained from COVID-19 patients to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. The study suggests a possibl...
The PREPSOIL project highlights the importance of soil literacy among young people, equipping educators with inspiration and ideas to foster essential knowledge. The upcoming webinar will bridge the gap between young citizens and soil health, empowering the next generation to take informed actions.
A new mesoscale mechanical discrete model simulates fracture behavior of micro fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) with increased accuracy and computational efficiency. The model successfully reproduced experimental results in various tests, including tension, splitting, and four-point bending tests.
The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) has released a set of points-to-consider on the initiation of targeted therapies in patients with inflammatory arthritis and a history of cancer. The guidance aims to help healthcare teams manage treatment decisions while balancing risks and benefits.
Researchers propose a new strategy to stabilize quantum networks by rebuilding connections after each use, which leads to an eventual stable network state. The key is finding the optimal number of links to add, determined to be the square root of the number of users.
A cross-sectional study found that children exposed to secondhand cannabis smoke at home have significantly higher urinary cannabinoid biomarker levels, indicating increased exposure to toxic and carcinogenic chemicals. Reducing in-home cannabis smoking can substantially reduce child exposure to these harmful substances.
A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid found that Spanish society demands mechanisms to guarantee the veracity of health news, with no age, gender, or social class correlation. The researchers suggest co-regulation as an intermediate solution to mitigate public skepticism about media reliability.
Researchers develop 'entanglement microscopy' to map quantum entanglement in small regions of quantum systems, revealing intricate interactions and structures. The study reveals short-range entanglement at critical points and more gradual decline in entanglement with increasing separation.
A cohort study found that women experiencing food insecurity during pregnancy are at a higher risk of perinatal complications. Individuals who received food assistance showed no significant increase in risks, suggesting that access to nutrition support can mitigate these complications.
A new compound, V-161, has been discovered to effectively inhibit the growth of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) by targeting a crucial enzyme. The study reveals that V-161 not only disrupts the enzyme function but also reduces VRE colonization in the mouse small intestine.
Researchers found that hydrogen sourced from coke oven gas is the most economically viable option for calcium looping, a type of carbon capture. This process can produce significant quantities of methane, which can be used as a clean energy source and potentially create a closed carbon loop.
A new study from the University of Georgia finds that children born into poor families are more likely to exhibit aggressive, impulsive behaviors throughout childhood. However, where they grow up matters too, as high-poverty neighborhoods have a less significant impact on behavior in older children.
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences is part of a new NIH program integrating clinical research into primary care practices in medically underserved areas. The program aims to increase access to vital health care and speed up the adoption of new evidence-based guidelines.
Research reveals that bacteria form species through a process called homologous recombination, which exchanges genetic material across the entire genome. This exchange acts as a cohesive force, keeping members of the same species similar and maintaining distinct species boundaries.
An international team of researchers has synthesized a material hosting a single pair of Weyl fermions, and no irrelevant electronic states. The work enables potential applications in terahertz devices, high-performance sensors, low-power electronics, and novel optoelectronics devices.
Scientists at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have identified a genetic mechanism that enables cells to rapidly and efficiently defend against viruses. The discovery focuses on the interaction between NORAD and STAT3 molecules, which prevents immune responses in healthy cells but releases brakes in response to viral attacks.
Researchers identified distinct molecular features of early onset colorectal cancer in racial and ethnic minorities, including widespread changes in DNA methylation and metabolic gene expression. These findings suggest that environmental risk factors such as diet and stress may contribute to the disparities in incidence and mortality a...
A new contrastive learning model has been developed to forecast cyclone rapid intensification (RI) with high accuracy, reducing false alarms by a factor of three compared to existing techniques. The model achieved an impressive 92.3% accuracy when tested on data from the Northwest Pacific between 2020 and 2021.
Researchers at Rutgers University found that adverse childhood experiences increase threat sensitivity, depression, and defensive gun use in adulthood. This relationship is partly driven by threat sensitivity, suggesting that people with a history of abuse and neglect may be more likely to overreact in neutral situations.
A new study from the University of Bristol reveals that child mortality in England has increased since the pandemic lifted, with a temporary decrease in deaths during lockdowns. The research found that children from non-white backgrounds faced higher rates of death compared to white children, highlighting existing healthcare inequalities.
A recent study explores how polyploidy shapes adaptation, revealing its dual role as both a barrier and driver of evolutionary change. Polyploid organisms evolve more slowly in stable environments but accelerate innovation required to adapt to extreme conditions.
Researchers will explore non-pathological inflammation in mammals to build on findings from bird studies, with implications for human health and skeletal growth. The project aims to investigate the role of inflammation in bone fusion events throughout the skeleton.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute induced chirality in a non-chiral crystal using terahertz pulses. This discovery opens up new avenues for controlling matter on an atomic level, potentially leading to unique functionalities in ultrafast memory devices and optoelectronic platforms.
Researchers develop a system to track bees' time out of their hives, revealing that most trips last mere minutes but some can spend over two hours collecting pollen. The technology enables more comprehensive observations, potentially altering the way organic beekeeping standards are set.
The research aims to understand how high-risk genes disrupt neurodevelopment and lead to neuropsychiatric conditions, potentially informing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. A national team of researchers will examine the effects of these genes on brain development, connectivity, and behavior in a mouse model.
A new school-based intervention called STRONG significantly reduces depression, anxiety, and behavior problems among newcomer students. The study shows a 21% decrease in symptoms of depression and anxiety after completing the program.
Using machine learning and AI, researchers have discovered a way to quickly and economically find high-performance materials for perovskite solar cells. By training an AI model on 101 synthesized molecules, they were able to identify 48 new molecules with potential for above-average efficiency.
Researchers have developed a novel stem cell treatment strategy for leptomeningeal brain metastasis, a severe form of metastatic brain cancer. The new therapy, which combines allogeneic dual stem cells with oncolytic herpes simplex virus and single chain variable fragment of anti-PD-1, shows promise in preclinical models.
The ECem project aims to develop electric heating technologies for cement calcination, reducing CO2 emissions by up to three times. Researchers are exploring infrared and inductive heating methods to overcome material properties challenges.
A new study found that AI-generated empathetic responses were preferred over those from humans and expert crisis responders. The researchers suggest that AI can supplement human empathy, but should not replace it entirely due to potential biases and ethical concerns.
The RSClin Tool N+ provides more accurate estimates of recurrence risk and individual chemotherapy benefit in node-positive breast cancer. The tool combines clinical and pathologic factors with the 21-gene Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score to predict patient-level prognosis and treatment benefit.
A team of scientists developed a computational design tool called SPaDES to create new membrane receptors that outperform natural counterparts. The new receptors were designed by optimizing water-mediated interactions, resulting in higher stability and signaling efficiency.
American Heart Association awards Marcus Freeman with its top college football coaching honor, recognizing his 14-2 season with Notre Dame and efforts off the field to promote heart health. The award is part of a broader program that raises funds and awareness for cardiovascular disease.
Adam Leroy, a professor of astronomy at Ohio State University, has been recognized with the 2025 Henry Draper Medal for his groundbreaking work on the interstellar medium and its relationship to star formation in nearby galaxies. His research has provided unprecedented detail on the physical nature of this material, advancing our under...
Grocery store sales increase when beer is introduced, with households visiting more frequently and increasing expenditures by 8% per month. Beer-purchasing households also tend to spend more on related categories like snacks, cheese, and soda.
Researchers used smartwatch data to train AI models predicting psychiatric illnesses like ADHD and anxiety. The findings link digital phenotypes with genotypes, suggesting wearable sensors can provide a deeper understanding of psychiatric diseases. The approach may be widely applicable for neurological diseases or neurodegeneration.
Research revealed a single gene drives the production of a super enzyme in male ruff's blood, which rapidly breaks down testosterone. This process regulates sex hormones and influences mating behaviors in non-aggressive males.
Researchers tracked nearly 1,000 people with post-COVID-19 syndrome, finding persistent physical and cognitive impairments that worsened with exercise intolerance. The study's findings support the inclusion of cognitive and exercise testing in clinical evaluation for patients with suspected post-COVID-19 syndrome.
A study on young fish leaving their home found that they follow independent, innate schedules synchronized with their mother's care routine. The larvae emerge from the snail shell when they prefer brighter areas, indicating an intrinsic timing mechanism controlled by light preference.
Researchers developed a fast and scalable programmable photonic latch, enabling temporary data storage in optical processing systems. This technology could enhance AI operations by storing and retrieving data at high speeds.
Researchers introduce CASTER, a tool that uses site patterns to infer species trees from whole-genome alignments. The new approach offers transformative potential for evolutionary research, outperforming traditional methods in accuracy and scalability.
The TARIPH Centre will conduct patient-centric translational research on respiratory health in collaboration with nine institutions, focusing on factors unique to Asia. The five-year programme aims to provide a clearer understanding of lung disease in Asians and develop effective national strategies for improvement.
Research reveals that coastal waters are hotspots for methane emissions, with tides, seasons, and ocean currents playing key roles in dynamics.
Ian Tregillis and George R.R. Martin develop a formula to model the dynamic behavior of the Wild Card virus in the science fiction series. The formula is based on Lagrangian dynamics and applies to the fictional universe's viral system.
Antonio Bicchi's IIT-led project VSoftPro aims to create a transhumeral prosthesis with user-controlled stiffness and passive adaptability. The goal is to replicate the natural appearance and functionality of a human arm, enhancing safe and natural interactions.
A pan-European study reveals a significant imbalance in the proportions of long-styled and short-styled flowers among insect-pollinated plants. The shift towards more short-styled flowers is associated with increased summer precipitation and intensive land use, which may contribute to species extinction.
A new large language model, 'llm-jp-3-172b-instruct3', has been released with approximately 172 billion parameters, trained from scratch using 2.1 trillion tokens of data. This model surpasses GPT-3.5 performance on benchmarks such as 'llm-jp-eval' and 'llm-leaderboard'.
A new study investigates how soil organic carbon is distributed across different latitudes and soil depths in tropical, subtropical, and temperate forests. Forests are critical carbon sinks, and understanding how carbon is stored in soil is essential for climate action.