A propensity score matching analysis reveals that video-assisted thoracoscopy with two-lung ventilation and CO2 insufflation in primary spontaneous pneumothorax does not increase the risk of recurrence and instead reduces anesthesia time.
A comprehensive review article synthesizes decades of research on stress hormone systems in primate brains, revealing key differences between rodents and primates. The findings highlight the importance of considering anatomical differences when developing treatments for stress-related psychiatric disorders.
A new study found that a simple oral swab test can increase IVF success rates by identifying the best hormone treatment for each woman based on her genetic profile. The test, developed by researchers at Lund University, shows promise in reducing costs and increasing pregnancies.
A new study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that flavan-3-ols in tea and dark chocolate can reduce blood pressure readings. Regular consumption of these compounds was shown to improve blood vessel function, benefiting cardiovascular health.
The USPSTF recommends early, universal screening for syphilis infection during pregnancy to prevent congenital syphilis. Untreated syphilis can cause premature birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth in the fetus.
Researchers found consistent differences in maternal behaviors among wild Sumatran orangutan mothers, even after controlling for environmental factors. These variations impacted how infants learn skills and navigate dense canopies.
Chinese researchers have identified an insect predator using tools to exploit the collective defenses of social insects. The assassin bug, Pahabengkakia piliceps, weaponizes resin from stingless bee nests to lure bees into its optimal hunting position.
GOALL-epitaxy successfully stabilizes artificially designed metastable states in transition metal oxides. The method combines atomic-layer-by-layer deposition and high-intensity oxidation for high-temperature superconductivity, ferromagnetism, and other strongly correlated electronic systems.
Researchers have developed an innovative achromatic metasurface waveguide that eliminates chromatic dispersion and offers improved image clarity. The single-layer design simplifies manufacturing while enhancing system performance compared to traditional multi-layer waveguides.
Scientists create colorful replica of famous statue smaller than human hair using new 3D printing method. The microscale technique uses lasers to cure individual pixels and can produce multiple colors on demand.
The Institute for Nanoscience at NRL hosted its annual proposal planning meeting to foster intellectual curiosity and build connections among researchers, with a focus on building impactful proposals that could lead to breakthroughs. The event showcased successful project outcomes, including publications, patents, and transition efforts.
A new study by Yale researchers found that nasal vaccine boosters can trigger strong immune defenses in the respiratory tract, even without adjuvants. The 'prime and spike' approach jumpstarts immune response in the respiratory system, offering a potential safer alternative to traditional vaccines.
A landmark study by Prof. Yong Sik Ok charts biochar's global market potential as a carbon-negative technology aligned with ESG goals, UN SDGs, and Net Zero pathways. The study provides actionable guidance for governments, industry leaders, and research institutions to integrate biochar into their climate portfolios.
Researchers have discovered a zinc-based metal-organic framework (MOF) that efficiently captures CO2 while resisting interference from water. The study reveals the unique adaptability of CALF-20 under varying conditions, making it a promising solution for industrial carbon capture
HKUMed has developed the TRICH score, a clinical tool that helps physicians identify ICH patients who need early triple anti-hypertensive medication. A separate study investigates the use of telemedicine for hypertension management in ICH patients to enhance patient care.
Researchers developed a method to produce tissues with controlled cellular organization, mimicking human tissue structure. The technique uses light-based 3D printing to create microgels with tailored internal architectures, enabling precise control of cell growth and behavior.
Researchers at the University of Turku developed a simple, eco-friendly approach to fabricate optical microcavities, allowing for precise study of polaritons and potential applications in ultra-efficient lasers and quantum optics. This innovation makes quantum and photonics research more accessible and energy-efficient.
A review of 151 studies found that symptom invalidation can cause emotional states like self-doubt and shame, as well as behavioral changes such as avoiding medical care. The study recommends that healthcare providers validate patients' experiences, even in cases where a clear diagnosis cannot be made.
The University of Texas at Arlington researcher Yunyao Li has been selected by NASA to develop a system that provides early warnings of hazardous air pollution from wildfires. The project aims to enhance wildfire air quality forecasting capabilities and develop tools for decision-making processes related to health management.
A recent study published in Clinical Nutrition has found that including dairy in a veggie diet can help control blood sugar levels better than a plant-only diet. The study, which included 30 participants, showed that those following the lacto-vegetarian diet had lower average blood sugar levels compared to those on the vegan diet.
SYNT-101 successfully redirects nutrient absorption to the lower intestine, promoting satiety and metabolic balance. The study demonstrated strong safety and tolerability profiles, as well as control of hunger and weight loss.
A recent study on plant beetleweed reveals that it can have multiple chromosome complements, known as cytotypes, which previously were thought to be mutually exclusive. This finding challenges the notion that different species with distinct chromosome numbers cannot coexist.
DiffInvex identifies evolutionary shifts in driver gene repertoires during tumorigenesis and chemotherapy, pinpointing mutational escape routes that let cancers resist treatment. The framework reveals which genes may ignite resistance to anticancer drugs, suggesting a core circuitry boosting strategy.
Researchers develop new recycling concept using fatty acids to extract silver from electronic waste, making it financially viable. The process uses light and diluted hydrogen peroxide, resulting in a sustainable separation method.
Researchers found that tirzepatide increases energy expenditure directly after treatment, while semaglutide reduces it. Both drugs aid weight loss by decreasing food intake and enhancing fat oxidation.
The University of Utah is partnering with XPRIZE to improve healthy aging through a 7-year, $101 million global competition. The partnership aims to validate the science of competing teams working towards extending health spans for aging populations.
The research paper proposes a novel motion coordination framework based on multi-task prioritization and null-space projection for physically constrained quadruped manipulators. The framework adapts to different tasks by executing optimal motion while meeting physical constraints and enhancing manipulability.
Researchers have created a library of genetically engineered fruit flies linked to individual neurons in the nerve cord to characterize the circuits controlling wing motion. The study provides a resource for studying motor control of wing movements and courtship behaviors.
A novel needle-free reagent injection method has been developed using electrically induced microbubbles to improve the depth of reagent injection. The system reflects shock waves through microbubble dynamics, resulting in increased perforation ability and deeper wound expansion. This technique holds promise for future optimization and ...
The release of long-read sequencing datasets for two Kids First studies provides a fuller understanding of how genetics contributes to childhood cancers and congenital disorders. The datasets include improved genome assembly capabilities, facilitating variant discovery and potential targeted therapy development.
Researchers explore emerging technologies like Kerecis and NovoSorb BTM, which integrate antimicrobial properties into dermal substitutes. The review highlights the need for integrated antimicrobial agents to reduce antibiotic reliance and promote scarless healing.
Leading LLMs like ChatGPT and DeepSeek consistently produce broader conclusions than original texts, with six models systematically exaggerating claims. Researchers recommend using LLMs with lower 'temperature' and enforcing indirect reporting to improve accuracy.
Researchers found that OA cartilage lacks the normal bivalency of repressive and activating histone marks, leading to excessive activation of hypertrophic genes. This results in cartilage breakdown and degeneration. The study provides a potential therapeutic strategy to halt OA progression by targeting epigenetic enzyme KDM6B.
Researchers developed a dual-laser Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry system that measures strain and temperature along an optical fiber without costly GHz equipment. The setup recorded Brillouin gain spectra at only about 200 MHz, over 50 times lower than the usual 11 GHz band.
Dr. Charney will retire at the end of his current term on June 30; Eric J. Nestler, MD, PhD, appointed interim dean. Under his leadership, the Icahn School of Medicine advanced its reputation as an international leader in biomedical education and research.
Generative AI agents powered by large language models meet three conditions of free will: goal-directed agency, genuine choices, and control over actions. Experts warn that as AI gains more power and freedom, moral responsibility may shift from developers to the AI agents themselves.
Researchers created a new type of insect cyborg that can navigate autonomously using UV light to guide movement, preserving sensory organs and maintaining consistent control. The system outperformed traditional methods in tests, with 94% of cyborg insects escaping a maze-like environment compared to just 24% of normal cockroaches.
Empa researchers have developed a bio-based, biodegradable material from fungal mycelium that avoids chemical processing. The material has versatile functional properties, including emulsification capabilities, and is suitable for various applications. Its biodegradability makes it an attractive alternative to traditional materials.
A new robot designed to physically support the elderly and prevent falls as they move around their homes. The Elderly Bodily Assistance Robot (E-BAR) has a set of robotic handlebars that can be used for support, with airbags that inflate instantly to catch users if they fall.
A global study found that pentoxifylline has no mortality benefit in patients with severe alcohol-associated hepatitis and acute kidney injury. The study, which included 525 patients across 20 centers from eight countries, reaffirmed previous findings that cast doubt on the efficacy of pentoxifylline in alcoholic hepatitis.
Researchers have identified conditions under which ultra-high dose rate carbon ion beams can spare normal cells while maintaining tumor control, opening new possibilities for safer radiotherapy. The study reveals a cell-sparing effect under normoxic conditions using higher linear energy transfer values.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara and UCSF have developed a new method to design enzymes from scratch, enabling the creation of highly efficient and selective catalysts. The new approach allows for the combination of desirable properties into novel enzymes for various applications, including drug development and materials design.
Researchers developed a nomogram to predict pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), showing strong clinical applications. The model's probabilities were close to actual values, indicating improved early diagnosis and timely intervention.
The American College of Lifestyle Medicine has integrated its first set of lifestyle medicine assessment tools into Epic electronic health records, enabling clinicians to assess patient lifestyle behaviors and readiness for change. The new tools will revolutionize team-based primary care, allowing patients to recognize and make healthi...
The University of Texas at Arlington offers pre-health students valuable hands-on experience through an innovative collaboration. Students in SCIE 4304 participate in immersive clinical simulation lab at the UTA Smart Hospital, developing rudimentary clinical skills and overcoming imposter syndrome.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering identified a crucial role for the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in mapping sounds to meaning, shedding light on the neural dynamics underlying word retrieval. The study's findings have significant implications for both neuroscience and clinical interventions.
A new study published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 4 has found that the drug buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) produces similar reductions in fat mass and weight gain as the sulfur amino acid-restricted diet. BSO may offer a practical alternative to difficult-to-maintain diets for treating obesity.
A prospective clinical study found that early chest tube removal (≤3 days post-insertion) is feasible with comparable complication rates and interventions to late tube removal. The study's results support the implementation of an early removal protocol in high-volume trauma centers.
A new study presents an integrated model that evaluates flood risks to people's life and property in the lower Yellow River under various floodplain management modes. The model accurately simulates highly sediment-laden floods and assesses vulnerability to extreme flooding.
Researchers at Wayne State University are developing a new treatment to prevent diabetic corneal complications, which can lead to vision loss and poor healing. The project combines two naturally occurring peptides to target inflammation, delayed healing, and nerve degeneration.
Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge worldwide, with nanotechnology offering a ray of hope. Nanoparticles improve diagnostic imaging, biomarker detection, and therapy by enhancing drug solubility, stability, and targeted delivery.
Researchers found that x-ray sterilization effectiveness differs depending on dose rate and bacterial nutrient conditions. Long-term low-dose irradiation was more effective in nutrient-poor environments, while short-term high-dose irradiation achieved higher efficiency in nutrient-rich environments.
Researchers have discovered a remarkable new 506-million-year-old predator called Mosura fentoni from the Burgess Shale of Canada. The species has a unique body region made up of multiple segments at its back end, similar to modern groups like horseshoe crabs and insects. The discovery provides key insight into ancestral traits for art...
This study analyzed changes in IMLD disease spectrum and epidemiological characteristics in two Chinese hospitals. The most common IMLD was Wilson’s disease, which remained prevalent across all age groups.
A new study by UOC, UB, and EPFL identifies factors that encourage walking in Barcelona, but finds they can have the opposite effect depending on the neighborhood. The research provides valuable insights into pedestrian mobility and how it can be managed through targeted interventions.
Researchers found that people with multiple chronic conditions are at a significantly greater risk of developing depression. Combinations of cardiometabolic illnesses like diabetes and heart disease can more than double the likelihood of a future depression diagnosis.
This special issue highlights cutting-edge developments in subwavelength optics, including nonlinear meta-devices, chiral optical signals, and hybrid-layer data storage. Researchers explore new phenomena at the subwavelength scale, enabling enhanced imaging, sensing, and communication capabilities.
A study published in Molecular Motabolism found that prolonged water-fasting can increase inflammation and stress on the body, potentially exacerbating existing heart and vascular conditions. However, some benefits were observed, including a reduction in amyloid beta proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease.
A study reveals pharmacy care is perceived differently by diverse populations, with notable gaps in communication for patients with disabilities. The research highlights the importance of effective communication and accessible spaces for pharmacists to provide high-quality care.
A study found that vegetarians reject meat due to a complex emotion of disgust, similar to the aversion felt towards human flesh, faeces, or dog meat. The researchers also discovered that people who reject vegetables they dislike feel 'distaste', whereas those who reject meat do so due to disgust.