A team at the University of Arizona discovered exceptionally fast and powerful galactic winds from quasars a billion years after the Big Bang. These winds could have caused galaxies to lose gas supplies, effectively shutting down star formation. The study suggests that quasars with extreme outflows were more common in the early univers...
Prof Chandra Sekhar, a globally respected leader in the industry, has made lasting contributions through his technical expertise and research leadership. He is internationally recognised for his work in indoor environmental quality, ventilation, and energy-efficient building performance.
Prof Liu Bin, a world-renowned researcher in organic functional materials, has been elected a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors. Her groundbreaking work on light-emitting organic semiconductors has led to applications in medical diagnostics and optical data encryption.
Prof Lam received the award for his sustained impact on generations of students and his contributions to research and practice in healthy and sustainable built environments. He has advanced education through theoretical and translational research, integrating humanities with science and technology.
A study of 308 participants found that those with higher baseline ePTFp concentrations experienced a significantly steeper decline in kidney function over time. This association remained significant even when serum phosphate concentrations were within normal range.
A new study found that captive-raised saltwater crocodiles do not return to their breeding centers after release into the wild. This discovery can help inform conservation efforts by revealing that larger, captive-bred crocodiles may be more suitable for reintroduction programs.
A recent study found that lycopene protects porcine intestinal epithelial cells from DON-induced damage by inhibiting PGAM5-mediated mitophagy-dependent ferroptosis. Lycopene increases tight junction proteins, reduces ROS levels, and stabilizes mitochondrial function, restoring barrier integrity.
A study found mitochondrial morphological abnormalities and downregulation of mitochondria-related genes in patients who developed myocarditis after mRNA vaccination. Treatment with antioxidants and pharmacological inhibitors suppressed the condition. Sex hormones may also play a role in preventing cardiac dysfunction.
Children who engaged in regular outdoor play had lower sedentary time and higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adulthood, while those experiencing exercise restrictions during childhood had lower adult physical activity levels. These findings support personalized lifestyle interventions for patients with CHD.
After a mild head injury, CSF motion increased in some regions and decreased in others. The technique may help clarify the link between post-traumatic brain conditions and changes in cognitive function.
Researchers create bifunctional electrocatalyst with cobalt phosphide heterojunctions for efficient water splitting, rivaling expensive commercial catalysts. The innovative architecture enables stable hydrogen production at a fraction of the cost.
Researchers developed a dual-site functional orchestration strategy using 2-imidazolidone to stabilize the zinc anode and eliminate the polyiodide shuttle effect. This approach enables synergistic modulation of both electrodes, resulting in improved durability and performance for large-scale energy storage applications.
Researchers developed a stepwise nitrogen stripping strategy to create a unique metal ensemble catalyst for selective oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The catalyst achieves high yields and efficiency under mild conditions, making it an attractive alternative to traditional non-precious metal catalysts.
Recent advances in electrolyte engineering can stabilize lithium metal–electrolyte interfaces, addressing safety risks and capacity loss. The review proposes a comprehensive overview of strategies, including additive-promoted SEI formation and rational molecular-level design.
Researchers identified two biological subtypes of migraines using brain imaging, which could lead to better treatments and predictions for chronic migraine. The study found that patients in one subtype had more severe symptoms but were no more likely to develop chronic migraine, highlighting the need for improved diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists discovered an anti-CRISPR protein that sabotages CRISPR systems in bacteria by jamming the protein assembly line. This discovery reveals a new mechanism of defense against CRISPR-based gene editing.
A new study published in Molecular Psychiatry found that child abuse is associated with disrupted development and decreased ability to maintain stable bodily functions. The research suggests that different types of maltreatment affect children differently, with boys being more susceptible to negative effects than girls.
A new study reveals that early signs of neurodegeneration in individuals with Down syndrome can be detected as early as birth. Researchers found widespread dysregulation of genes and pro-inflammatory patterns in glial cells, suggesting a critical role for chronic inflammation and cell death in the development of the condition.
A study found that a prenatal and infant cash transfer program significantly reduced investigated allegations of maltreatment among infants. The program provided economic stability, which prevented child welfare system involvement.
Researchers estimate that between 3000-3700 cases of avoidable healthcare-associated harm occur every year in English prisons. The study found that prisoners are 41-67 times more likely to experience such harms due to poor healthcare compared to the general public.
A higher dietary intake of soy and legumes is associated with a lower risk of high blood pressure. The optimal daily amount may be around 170g of legumes, which include peas, lentils, chickpeas, and beans, and 60-80g of soy foods.
Children who need life-saving emergency surgery are nearly six times more likely to die if treated in poorer countries compared to wealthier ones. Major differences in care, including delayed hospital arrival and limited access to critical treatments, contribute to this disparity.
In a study, pilot whales were found to make their calls louder in noisy waters to be heard. The whales' loudest calls are used for finding their pod after deep dives, but these are also the most difficult to hear over background noise from ships.
A new peer-reviewed study found that Michigan State University's Rx Kids program is associated with substantial reductions in child maltreatment investigations among infants. The program provided early economic support to families, leading to a 7-percentage-point decline or 32% relative reduction in maltreatment investigations.
A new study from Durham University found that the way parents instruct and encourage infants to help plays a key role in shaping their helping behavior. The research, published in Developmental Psychology, discovered clear cultural differences in parenting styles between the UK and Uganda.
A Columbia University School of Nursing AI-assisted audit found nearly 3,000 biomedical papers with fake citations, highlighting an alarming trend in academic publishing. The study recommends publishers verify references and indexing services add metadata for accurate reference assessment.
Nine leading AI models failed to perform well on routine administrative tasks, such as counting patients and filtering records. However, a tool-based approach combining LLMs with code-generation improved accuracy for most capable models.
Research reveals low adherence to recommended biannual A1C tests among postpartum women with newly diagnosed diabetes. Disparities emerged by race, insurance status, and family size, with significant gaps in care for Black women and those insured by Medicaid.
A new five-year study led by UC San Diego Health is seeking to improve sleep and reduce delirium among adults in the ICU through evidence-based strategies. The research team will investigate which sleep-promotion methods are most effective in this setting, engaging patients, families, and clinicians throughout the process.
Dr. Rebecca T. Hahn, MD, is the first imager to receive the TCT Geoffrey O. Hartzler Master Operator Award for her groundbreaking work in imaging structural heart procedures. Her unparalleled expertise has redefined the role of imaging in cardiovascular care.
A new study reveals that more than a fifth (21.2%) of angiosperm evolutionary history is at risk of extinction, with 9,945 species identified as priorities for conservation. These EDGE species collectively represent approximately 44.4 million years of angiosperm evolutionary history and are threatened by human activities.
A new study warns that land-use changes in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts could reduce the region's ability to store carbon, with measurable environmental and economic consequences by 2043. The study found that deep forest cover has declined while built-up areas, agricultural land, and scattered trees have expanded.
A new study found that lithium treatment can improve impulse control and decision-making in individuals with a history of medically severe suicide attempts. Researchers believe earlier identification of suicide risk and intervention with lithium may help reduce the likelihood of suicidal behavior.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that stronger, more stable, and less fragmented daily patterns of rest and activity are associated with slower physiological aging. The research suggests that these patterns may serve as potential targets for interventions to slow the aging process.
Researchers highlight engineered biochar as a promising material for capturing carbon dioxide, overcoming limitations of raw biochar through rational engineering. Heteroatom doping improves interactions with CO2 molecules, increasing adsorption efficiency.
Researchers have developed a new processing method that allows ferroelectricity to be directly written into aluminum nitride using helium ion beams, reducing energy loss and increasing the material's ferroelectric potential. This breakthrough enables the creation of devices with minimal power consumption and robust data storage.
A new review paper warns that wildfire smoke's health risks remain poorly understood due to a lack of direct biomedical evidence. The study argues that most current research relies on population-level correlations rather than detailed biomedical analysis.
University of Missouri researchers develop organic transistors that process information like biological neural networks, boosting brain-like computing and potentially leading to more energy-efficient artificial intelligence. The approach could lead to significant improvements in tasks such as pattern recognition and decision-making.
A recent study published in Science Advances highlights the importance of maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity for extending lifespan. Biologist Jean-Francois Gout's contributions show that reducing IGF-1 signaling is not universally beneficial, and instead, can lead to compromised mitochondrial function if the genome is unstable.
Researchers found that mice fed high-fat diets during pregnancy developed more severe symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis and had poorly developed intestines. The study suggests a link between maternal obesity and diabetes, as well as maternal diet, to the development of this deadly condition in preterm babies.
Researchers develop method to remove CENH3 protein from egg cells, producing paternal haploids and accelerating breeding process. The technique enables efficient production of non-transgenic haploids, reducing breeding time from years to a single season.
A study published in New Phytologist has identified a genetic region on the X chromosome that determines the sex of cannabis plants. Researchers also found this same region in hops, suggesting a shared 'sex switch'. This discovery has practical implications for agriculture, particularly for crop yields and plant breeding.
A Charité study analyzed therapist experiences worldwide to create a profile for successful psychedelic-assisted therapy. Key characteristics include stable environment, support from loved ones, and specific personality traits that contribute to treatment success.
A study protocol from Hasanuddin University aims to address gaps in mental health interventions for adolescent girls in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The qualitative study will explore experiences and perspectives of young women and stakeholders to develop a community-based intervention model.
The Education Powerhouse Research Series explores how China can move from having a large education system to becoming a strong one. Professor Ke Zheng argues that building a 'Chinese independent knowledge system' must prioritize utility over international recognition.
A study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases explores a new host-response assay to detect active tuberculosis and predict future disease. The Cepheid Xpert MTB Host Response test shows good accuracy for detecting active TB, but its ability to predict future disease is moderate.
A new research paper presents a practical diagnostic approach for detecting high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma using a low-cost, portable color sensor device. The method tracks inorganic phosphate generated during nucleic acid amplification, producing a visible green signal that correlates with the amount of amplified DNA.
A study found that a smartphone app combined with personal coaching via text messages can be an effective intervention against depression, anxiety, and eating disorders in university students. The app proved more effective than traditional campus counseling services, especially for students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Electron crystals, similar to atomic structures of crystals, can accumulate defects as they melt. Controlling the degree of melting may enable devices with neuromorphic computing and superconductors. The researchers found that electron crystals in metals can deform and melt, similar to physical solids, and their structure could be prec...
Dr. Yannik Zobus's LASE-FUSE project aims to develop a comprehensive, modular simulation framework for fusion laser systems, enabling holistic modeling and virtual optimization of complex systems. The project will receive three million euros in funding over five years through the 'Fusionstalente' program.
A study by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh found that older scientists produce fewer disruptive new ideas than younger ones, creating a 'nostalgia effect' that influences scientific advancement. As scientists age, their papers tend to cite older research in new combinations rather than introducing wholly new concepts.
Targeted manipulation of quorum sensing (QS) reduces nitrous oxide release by nearly 50%, cuts aeration energy by over 60% and boosts methane production. QS-enhanced gene expression increases direct interspecies electron transfer activity, turning organic waste into methane.
Brano Therapeutics has secured $6.8 million in seed funding to develop new treatments for heart failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF), a condition with limited treatment options. The company will leverage Duke-NUS' scientific expertise and research platforms to accelerate the development of these therapies.
A three-year longitudinal study of 4,000 adults reveals that proactive engagement and self-agency can measurably improve brain performance across the lifespan. The study's findings challenge the notion that cognitive decline is an inevitable part of aging.
The study introduces an architectural approach to improve carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites' strength and resistance to catastrophic failure. The design features custom-designed thermoplastic lattice interlayers that preserve load-bearing pathways while allowing damage to spread gradually.
A new study is exploring the effects of a nasal spray flu vaccine on children's immune systems, aiming to boost future protection and lower vaccine hesitancy rates. The study will provide valuable insights into how children develop immunity to influenza vaccines.
Cancer cells with abnormal chromosome numbers are more resistant to treatment due to reduced PARP1 levels. This abnormality rewires how cancer cells grow and spread.
Birmingham researchers demonstrate a new, sustainable way to break down toxic pollutants in wastewater using sunlight and molecular-thin catalysts created using an innovative mechanical approach. The method increases degradation performance by up to 2.5 times compared to bulk raw material.
A new study suggests that toxic mercury exposure may disrupt metabolic health, affecting liver function and cardiovascular disease risk in vulnerable populations. Researchers used a high-dose methylmercury exposure model to explore how differences in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) forms affect mercury toxicity.
The partnership aims to advance AI, cybersecurity, health, wildfire management, and Indigenous language revitalization. The two universities will amplify their collaborations in strategic priority areas, including agritech and climate innovation.
Researchers at KAIST and Stanford University discovered that complex compositions of multimetallic nanoparticles lead to their growth into more uniform structures, contrary to conventional expectations. This phenomenon enables the creation of high-performance catalysts and eco-friendly energy materials.
A study by Marta Serra-Garcia examines how incentives in the online attention economy shape scientific communication, finding that attention-driven summaries are not more likely to be factually inaccurate but tend to include less information. The research reveals a trade-off between engaging content and conveying accurate details.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a new ultrasonic needle that can collect 2-3 times more tissue than current biopsy methods, improving cancer diagnosis accuracy. The minimally invasive approach shows strong potential for broader diagnostic use, particularly in rare salivary gland tumors.
A new study introduces a free, open-source Web Crop Phenology Metrics Service (WCPMS) for analyzing large Earth observation satellite time series, enabling efficient crop monitoring. The tool calculates phenological metrics from data cubes and validates its effectiveness using soybean sowing dates in Brazil.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center identified the missing link in how a common gut bacterium, B. fragilis, triggers colon cancer. The team found that BFT toxin binds to host receptor claudin-4 before causing damage, revealing a potential strategy for preventing colon damage and cancer.
A new treatment approach has been developed to treat spinal cord injuries by activating signaling pathways in both injured and uninjured nerve cells. Using the protein hyper-interleukin-6 (hIL-6), the researchers showed consistent improvements in walking ability and coordinated gait patterns in mice with contusion injuries.
Researchers investigate how phase errors in MEMS gyroscopes affect force-to-rebalance rate measurement, identifying which errors matter most and proposing calibration strategies. The study shows that some errors mainly disturb drive-frequency locking, while others degrade scale factor and zero-rate output in the sense loop.
A new study from the University of California, Davis, projects that 7-16% of global plant species will lose more than 90% of their range by 2100 under current climate change projections. Habitat loss is expected to drive these extinctions, rather than a plant's ability to shift locations in response to climate change.
Research reveals that policy, accessibility, and Quality of Life are key determinants for attracting startups in smart cities. A new policy-oriented framework provides policymakers with insights into startup attraction and evaluation tools.
A new national study led by Michigan State University researcher Amber Pearson found that the biological benefits of nature are not experienced equally across all populations. While higher tree canopy is generally associated with lower allostatic load, this association was not seen in less-advantaged groups.
Researchers have created a new scale to measure whether lactating mothers' psychological needs are being met, providing a tool to improve breastfeeding outcomes. The study found that when all three basic needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) are satisfied, exclusive breastfeeding is more likely to persist.
ECNU scholars Prof. Cui Yunhuo and Prof. Lei Hao have been recognized as Highly Cited Researchers in Education for their research impact. Their work has been influential in national curriculum reform and educational research, with multiple awards and publications to their credit.
Researchers at the University of Liège discovered that surfactin, a molecule produced by beneficial soil bacteria, activates plant immunity by interacting directly with the plant cell membrane. This mechanism differs from classical immune recognition and provides a solid basis for developing targeted bio-based crop protection strategies.
Research suggests that some ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays could consist of atomic nuclei heavier than iron, losing energy more slowly as they travel through intergalactic space. This finding could help narrow down the possible sources of these particles and impact how we search for their origins.
A study published in PLOS Biology reveals that small samples of trafficked pangolin DNA can track illegal trade routes and hotspots, including southwest Cameroon, Myanmar, and Africa. The research highlights the interconnectedness of domestic and international markets, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to disrupt traffick...
Fuel-reduction strategies like prescribed burns and forest thinning reduce wildfire spread and intensity by up to 36% and prevent $2.7-$2.8 billion in damages annually. These interventions yield more than three times the value in avoided damages for each dollar invested.
Studies show that when fuel prices rise, hybrid drivers increasingly rely on electric charging to improve vehicle performance and reduce emissions. However, only about 32% of hybrid mileage is driven using the vehicle's electric mode.
A recent study found that a 10-week nutrition and body image intervention program improved eating behaviors, physical activity, and body image among women undergoing substance use treatment. The program also reduced disordered eating behaviors and weight-related concerns.
Dr. Natalie Hoffmann receives the inaugural Jane Silverthorne Postdoctoral Fellowship to investigate plant cell wall plasticity during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. She aims to understand how plants remodel their cell walls to allow beneficial fungi to grow through them.
Researchers identified four distinct subtypes of leukemia stem cells, each responding differently to treatments. The study provides new avenues to overcome venetoclax resistance and develop personalized treatment strategies for AML patients.
A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis found seductive details have a significant but small negative impact on academic performance, particularly memory and comprehension. The study provides empirical support for Cognitive Load Theory and offers guidance for multimedia instructional design.
Two studies reveal substantial losses of plant diversity, identifying priority species and limits of conservation strategies. Using data from the EDGE2 index and computational modeling, researchers identified species that are both evolutionarily unique and at risk of extinction.
Research on the 2025 Myanmar earthquake reveals that small differences in fault movement over time can build uneven stress, influencing where quakes start and spread. This study challenges the seismic gap hypothesis and suggests a broader shift in understanding earthquake hazard, enabling better quake risk estimates for major faults.
A new Northwestern University study details how NIH built the field of genomics through coordinated scientific efforts, supported workforces, and developed shared research infrastructure. The analysis of NIH's digital archive shows leadership played a crucial role in resolving technical challenges and guiding scientific communities.
A new study finds that early-career scientists are more likely to drive transformative breakthroughs in science, while seasoned researchers focus on integrating and extending existing knowledge. This shift has significant implications for policies governing funding, tenure, collaboration, and scientific talent.
A study by University of Bristol researchers found that forming social connections online boosts networking performance, while reducing engagement with content. Individuals with sharper cognitive abilities are more likely to prioritize social connections over knowledge gathering.
Researchers at Paul Scherrer Institute used high-speed cameras to document the physical processes inside a system on the scale of a nuclear power plant. They found that gases separate in the lower section, and condensation is determined by diffusion, not larger currents. The cooling process is highly dependent on local conditions.
A large-scale study found that forest fuel treatments can prevent significant wildfires by reducing fire severity and spread. Every dollar spent on prevention saves about $3.75, with treatments estimated to have prevented $2.8 billion in damages.
Researchers at Stanford University have successfully combined five metals to form a single, uniform nanocrystal. The discovery could have significant implications for the future of hydrogen fuel and opens a new chapter in the preparation of nanomaterials.
Assistant Professor Gianmarco Mengaldo has been appointed to the Joint Advisory Group on Artificial Intelligence at the World Meteorological Organization. He will guide how AI is integrated into global meteorological and hydrological systems, improving forecasting capabilities and early warning systems.
A real-world cohort study investigates the association between HBV DNA levels and clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. Patients achieving a sustained virological response had lower rates of hepatocellular carcinoma, liver-related death, and progression to decompensation.
A research team has identified two distinct genetic lineages corresponding to low- and high-altitude habitats in Capsella bursa-pastoris. Genome-wide scans detected 54 candidate genes under positive selection, highlighting temperature seasonality and precipitation as key drivers of adaptive divergence.
Researchers developed microneedles containing collagen, hyaluronic acid, and a photo-crosslinkable polymer to improve transdermal delivery. The microneedles' mechanical strength and skin permeation behavior can be modulated with light and temperature.
Researchers explore two popular metaphors for describing climate-related issues: the ocean conveyor belt and tipping point metaphors. While they have scientific origins and helped foster interdisciplinary communications, oversimplification can lead to misunderstanding. Dr. Gerrit Lohmann suggests integrating communication research with...
This study explores the effects of 1,5-anhydroglucitol on acute liver failure and reveals its role in inhibiting the PPARα signaling pathway, leading to increased hepatocyte apoptosis. Empagliflozin treatment alleviates liver injury by reducing 1,5AG levels and promoting the PPARα pathway.
A new study analyzes three scenarios for green hydrogen production and trade, highlighting the need for policymakers and businesses to address uncertainties in global supply chains. The Fuel Switch scenario assumes stable alliances, but may misdirect investment; Industrial Relocation shifts production to low-cost regions with abundant ...
The Muon g-2 collaboration has made a significant contribution to the measurement of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, achieving a precision of 127 parts per billion. The team's international collaboration and innovative methods have enabled them to explore subtle wobbles in the subatomic particle.
Researchers found that mid-Holocene soil cooling reduced thermally suitable zones for millet cultivation, contributing to a southward displacement of farming. Soil temperatures recovered after around 6,000 years ago, facilitating millet expansion and late Neolithic development.
New research from the University of Surrey found that Brexit-related events significantly increased volatility spillovers between European markets. The analysis shows that large financial markets tend to transmit volatility to smaller ones, with France emerging as the most persistent transmitter of volatility across the EU.
Researchers develop novel inverse phase enhancement strategy for fabricating graphene paper composites, achieving record-high thermal conductivity of 802 W/m·K. The minimal polymer loading enhances tensile strength by 117% while preserving the highly ordered crystalline structure necessary for efficient heat transfer.
A national UK study found that nearly half of untested breast and ovarian cancer patients carry a heritable genetic variant increasing cancer risk. The study reveals the potential benefits of efficient genetic testing to identify at-risk individuals and inform targeted follow-up care.
Nerve-sparing surgery aims to preserve the neurovascular bundles responsible for erectile function and urinary continence. The review discusses three primary fascial dissection planes, antegrade and retrograde dissection strategies, and innovative techniques such as Veil of Aphrodite and biological membrane wraps.
Researchers developed a novel ratiometric SERS platform using dual bioprobes for stable detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The platform achieved a low limit of detection, minimal relative standard deviation, and high cell viability, offering a new strategy for sensitive CTC detection.
Researchers describe how oral nanomaterial formulations overcome conventional drug limitations in gastrointestinal disease treatment. Non-metallic nanomaterials, such as selenium nanoparticles, show better biocompatibility and tunable biodegradability.
A new study warns that climate change is creating serious risks for millions of pilgrims performing Hajj, with extreme heat and humidity pushing human physiological limits. The researchers suggest that urgent adaptation and global climate mitigation are essential to reduce the danger, but not eliminate it.
A Canadian study found that seasonal COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced the risk of illness in 2025/26, with vaccine protection extending beyond its target strain. The vaccine was particularly beneficial for people aged 65 or older, offering 53% effectiveness against severe COVID-19.
Researchers identify genetic syndrome where unusually long telomeres predispose individuals to lymphoma and other cancers. Inherited loss-of-function mutations in the POT1 gene disrupt normal aging of lymphocytes, allowing cancer-associated changes to accumulate over time.
Researchers developed an AI model that learns from real-world match data to optimize attacking play against compact defensive structures. The framework models each attacking player as an individual decision-maker while capturing how players interact as a coordinated unit.
The study found that personalized virtual try-on significantly enhances product imagination, making consumers feel more confident about their choices. However, the effects were stronger among consumers with lower spatial processing perception, highlighting a key moderating factor.
An international team, led by Göttingen University, investigates how molecular crowding influences enzyme working efficiencies and signalling pathways within cells. The project aims to understand the role of cytoplasm's physical properties in controlling chemical reaction rates.
Researchers found that DNA helicase HELQ promotes replication fork reversal to protect cells from toxic DNA crosslinks. This process enables stalled replication forks to reverse and stabilize, minimizing mutations and cell death. The study identifies HELQ as a critical regulator of genome integrity under replication stress.
A new type of concrete made from sugarcane waste shows improved mechanical performance and reduced carbon emissions. The study finds that replacing fly ash with sugarcane bagasse ash improves compressive strength by 41% and reduces CO2 emissions by 25-30%.
The study identified a critical boron transporter gene, BnaC3.BOR1, which regulates boron distribution and tissue-level homeostasis in Brassica napus L. Null mutants exhibited heightened sensitivity to boron deprivation, leading to stunted growth and yield loss.
Researchers from South China University of Technology reconstructed the path and intensity of a devastating EF3-level tornado that occurred in Guangzhou, China on April 27, 2024. The study used a combination of UAV remote sensing, ground-based surveys, and mesoscale numerical simulation to analyze the tornado's damage mechanisms.
A new study found that 9% of individuals who survived an opioid overdose in Ontario, Canada died within a year, with the highest risks occurring within seven and thirty days after discharge. People with prior overdose experiences were at increased risk of death.
Researchers mapped over 1.25 million cells to reveal sex-specific differences in the human immune system. Female immune cells exhibit higher levels of B cells and regulatory T cells, but also a greater predisposition to autoimmune diseases like lupus due to their highly reactive profile.
A major international study has identified a genetic contributor to juvenile glaucoma, which can affect people before the age of 40. The study found that individuals with a specific genetic duplication have an increased risk of developing the condition, and may benefit from routine testing.
Researchers at the University of Manchester demonstrate that electrons can travel ballistically over micrometre distances in graphene while maintaining spin coherence. By using transverse magnetic focusing (TMF), they were able to bend electron trajectories like light rays and show that curved paths carry a clear spin signature.
A new study published in Stroke found that muscle loss, weak grip, and slow walking pace are associated with a higher risk of stroke. People with low muscle strength had a 30% higher risk of any type of stroke compared to those with high muscle strength.
A study reveals that S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine, a bioactive compound found in aged garlic extract, promotes inter-organ communication between fat tissue and the brain, enhancing muscle strength. Long-term administration of S1PC reduced frailty scores and increased skeletal muscle force in aged mice.
A study published in JAMA Oncology reveals that nearly half of patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer never receive treatment, highlighting a significant gap in care. The research emphasizes the importance of referring patients promptly to an oncologist and improving access to life-saving treatments.
Researchers have designed copper cold plates with optimized fins that deliver up to 32% better cooling performance, reducing pressure drop by up to 68%. This technology could lead to significant energy savings in data centers, where it is estimated to contribute only around 1.1% of total energy usage.
JAYseq, a whole-genome sequencing assay, provides detailed information on genetic changes and cell surface proteins to guide personalized treatment strategies. The test enables the identification of high-risk markers and assesses the presence of specific cell surface proteins targeted by advanced immunotherapies.
A randomized clinical trial suggests psilocybin is safe and efficacious for treating cocaine use disorder. The study found psilocybin to be effective in reducing substance use and improving mental health outcomes.
A recent study found a one-year mortality rate of 8.6% among opioid overdose survivors, significantly higher than previous estimates. The study also revealed that 21.2% of individuals experienced repeat overdoses within the same year.
Researchers developed chiral luminescent radicals that emit circularly polarized light with high photoluminescence efficiency and improved stability. These compounds have potential applications in lasers, bioimaging, and quantum technologies.
A study by Frontiers analyzed three papermill detection tools on over 37,000 manuscript submissions, finding that the tools flag different proportions of manuscripts and have low manuscript-level overlap, highlighting a detection gap. The tools emphasize different types of signals, contributing to the divergence in flagging rates.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have characterized human antibodies capable of neutralizing measles virus. The new panel of human antibodies may form the basis for future medical therapies against measles infection, with a study showing a 500-fold lower viral load in a rodent model.
Researchers at Flinders University found that methamphetamine contamination on car surfaces can persist despite ventilation, with textile or soft surfaces still at risk. The study highlights the complexity of managing meth contamination in contained spaces and emphasizes the need for public health safeguards when buying or using vehicles.
MARGO integrates machine learning-based predictive models with overlap weights to address covariate imbalance in clinical trials. The framework demonstrates superior performance over conventional methods, allocating more patients to the effective treatment while maintaining statistical power.
Researchers at UCLA Health have discovered that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) selectively targets specific brain cells to restore communication channels in the brains of stressed mice. The study found that TMS repairs damaged dendritic spines, leading to enhanced activity and rapid improvements in stress-related behaviors.
The BHARAT study, led by the Indian Institute of Science, is a groundbreaking initiative that integrates clinical, molecular, lifestyle, and environmental data from diverse demographic groups in India. The study aims to develop population-specific biological aging signatures and predictive models tailored to Indian populations.
A global validation study led by NYU Langone Health confirms the accuracy of the American Heart Association's PREVENT tool in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk for diverse populations. The tool, which considers kidney health and albuminuria levels, was found to be highly effective in identifying patients at high CVD risk.
The new device mimics an octopus's multimodal grasping strategy, achieving the fastest stiffness-switching performance reported to date. It delivers stunning speed, softening in 1.3 seconds and rigidifying in 0.8 seconds, while maintaining cooperative grasping forces exceeding 4 newtons.
Researchers found that increases in macrophage cell volume reprogram gene expression and induce inflammation. Cell swelling also triggers an enhanced antiviral response in infected cells.
A team of researchers has developed a wearable fabric electrotactile system that provides more precise and localized tactile feedback in virtual reality. The system uses a novel 'stimulation-inhibition' design to cancel lateral current spread, resulting in improved recognition accuracy and reaction times for users.
A study by the University of Gothenburg reveals that changes in gut bacteria composition after bariatric surgery are strongly associated with improved glucose metabolism and insulin release. Patients with type 2 diabetes who achieved improved glycemic control exhibited greater microbial gene richness and enhanced fermentation processes.
A new study by TU Graz finds that women have a 60 per cent higher injury risk in car accidents compared to men. Women suffer noticeably more severe injuries even at lower collision speeds, with the risk of serious injury or death being twice as high. The study highlights the need for more realistic tests and intelligent safety systems.
A study of over 31,000 patients found that pneumonia occurred more often after breathing tubes were removed than during ventilation, with most cases developing within a 1–2 week window after surgery. Early assessment and intervention focusing on swallowing function are crucial for prevention and improved outcomes.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that older adults report fewer recent regrets than younger adults, with a greater focus on missed chances. This suggests that aging may change the experience of regret, potentially providing opportunities for reflection and meaning.
The study found that Substance Use Treatment and Recovery Team (START) was a cost-effective approach for addressing opioid use disorder in the inpatient setting, increasing medication initiation and linkage to care after discharge. Additionally, START improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
A new study found that sexual arousal can make people more likely to interpret ambiguous interactions optimistically, even when there is uncertainty. This phenomenon can serve a purpose in early courtship by providing optimism, but also comes with costs as it may overshadow sensitivity to another person's actual wishes.
A new study finds that deforestation in the southern Amazon can trigger severe reductions in rainfall, even under a changing climate. The authors estimate that limiting deforestation to 10% of the area may be necessary to maintain annual rainfall and protect agricultural livelihoods.
A new study published in mSystems found that thawing Arctic soil only partially revives microbial activity, with around half of microorganisms remaining dormant. The research sheds light on the complex dynamics of microbial growth and carbon release from thawing permafrost.
Scientists describe new genus and species of parasitic wasp, Attenboroughnculus tau, found in Natural History Museum collections. The discovery highlights the scientific value of museum collections and showcases the unique characteristics of this rare subfamily.
A recent study reveals that combining iNKT cell therapy with antigen-presenting cells activated by a lipid compound triggers effective antitumor immunity. The therapy generates memory-phenotype T cells that can recognize and respond to specific threats, offering a promising personalized approach to cancer treatment.
The discovery of complex stone tools at the Lingjing archaeological site in China suggests that ancient humans were capable of advanced technological thinking and creativity. The tools, crafted by Homo juluensis, show a high level of organization and planning, indicating a deep understanding of stone properties and fracture mechanics.
A new study suggests that rapidly melting Antarctic ice shelves can lead to a significant increase in global sea levels. The researchers found that long, channel-like grooves on the underside of these ice shelves can trap warm ocean water, causing local melting and potentially weakening the structural strength of the ice shelf.
A digital therapy app was found to be more effective in treating anxiety disorders, depression, and eating disorders among college students compared to traditional campus clinics. The study, which tested the app's effectiveness over six months, showed a significant increase in symptom-free students and services uptake.
Experts warn that AI-enhanced surgical robotics could enable true personalized surgery and enhance surgical team performance. However, regulatory reforms are needed to address risks from adaptive systems and ensure patient benefits.
The most massive black holes detected by gravitational waves were formed through repeated and violent collision events in densely populated star clusters. The study identifies two distinct populations, with high-mass systems showing rapid spins and a signature consistent with cluster mergers.
Researchers discovered that a volcano's eruption can clean up methane pollution by breaking it down into formaldehyde. The phenomenon could potentially be key to slowing global warming and has implications for reducing methane emissions.
A national survey of 971 clinicians found that burnout, chronic workplace stress, administrative burden, and unrealistic patient expectations are now among the top reasons physicians leave clinical practice early. The study also highlights gender disparities in physician decisions to exit clinical practice.
Researchers are developing a 'heart-on-a-chip' platform with sensors to track cardiac damage and fibrosis in real-time. The project aims to improve the understanding of cardiac involvement in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and speed up treatment evaluation.
A study found that psilocybin, a key magic mushroom ingredient, significantly reduces aggressive attack behavior and energetically costly social behaviors in mangrove rivulus fish. The compound selectively dampens escalated social conflict without suppressing lower-energy social display behaviors.
Researchers at Washington State University and Google developed an AI system that can process hundreds of thousands to millions of camera trap images in just a few days, reducing analysis time from months to days. The results aligned with human experts' models in roughly 85-90% of cases, making it a significant breakthrough for conserv...