About The Study: In this cohort study, early extracranial surgery was associated with adverse function, cognition, and disability after traumatic brain injury (TBI) rated as moderate-severe or with radiographic abnormalities on computed tomography (CT) scan regardless of Glasgow Coma Scale at index admission but not after orthopedic trauma or CT− TBI. Further studies may help determine whether surgical timing or other interventions can improve the observed long-term deficits.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Christopher J. Roberts, MD, PhD, email croberts@mcw.edu .
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(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.37271)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Media advisory: This study is being presented at the Anesthesiology 2025 annual meeting.
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