Articles tagged with Tomography
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists have developed a new technique that combines rotational ultrasound tomography (RUST) with photoacoustic tomography (PAT) to create 3D color images of soft tissues and blood vessel function. This method has the potential to enhance breast tumor imaging, monitor nerve damage caused by diabetes, and brain imaging.
A new imaging technique using ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography can reduce unnecessary benign breast biopsies by nearly 25%, according to a recent study. The technology uses near-infrared light to create 3D pictures of tissues, revealing functional differences between normal and cancerous tissue.
Researchers developed an innovative noninvasive technique that combines ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging to capture images of both tissue and blood vessels. The technology has the potential to address current gaps in medical imaging, providing faster and more comprehensive imaging at meaningful depths.
Researchers will use revolutionary technology to transform understanding of extreme environments, revealing how black holes behave and evolve. The project aims to deliver dynamic gravitational tomography, creating 3D movies showing plasma flows around black holes.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new method for attaching fluorine-18 to trifluoromethyl groups, enabling the tagging of previously inaccessible targets in PET scans. This breakthrough expands the range of molecules that can be imaged, potentially leading to earlier diagnoses and more targeted treatments for diseases.
Researchers visualize how silicon anodes form shell-like voids around their surfaces during charging, but find that parts of the solid electrolyte remain attached to the Si, maintaining partial ionic contact. This allows the battery to continue operating efficiently despite significant structural changes.
A study at Technical University of Munich found that AI-simplified CT reports reduced reading time to two minutes and improved patient comprehension. Patients rated the simplified texts as more helpful and informative, with 82% finding them easier to read and understand.
Optic disc edema progression in spaceflight predicted using optical coherence tomography imaging, suggesting crew members without ODE on day 30 unlikely to develop concern on day 150. This technology offers opportunity for predicting ODE magnitude during longer missions.
A new study uses X-ray microcomputed tomography to image and analyze 3D chaotic microcavities without harming them. The team found that distorted shapes lead to Arnold diffusion, confirming a long-standing theoretical prediction about 3D chaotic light dynamics.
A new study may transform the diagnosis of Britain's number one cancer, lung cancer. Researchers are investigating whether low-dose CT scans can detect lung cancers earlier than current chest X-rays. The study aims to identify which patients would benefit from these more accurate scans.
A cohort study found that early extracranial surgery was associated with adverse outcomes in function, cognition, and disability after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. The study suggests that further research is needed to determine if surgical timing or other interventions can improve long-term deficits.
A new method, pioneered by University of Sydney student Carra Williams, uses neutron computed tomography to identify well-preserved pockets of coral skeleton that can reveal precise timelines of sea-level and climate shifts. The technique has the potential to transform how scientists reconstruct ancient climates.
Researchers at TU Wien and Institut Langevin create fingerprint matrix technique to overcome problem of multiple scattering, allowing detection of objects even in dense cloud or murky water. The method has been tested on metal objects buried in sand, medical markers, and muscle fibers, with promising results.
An AI model successfully automates lymph node segmentation and extranodal extension classification from pretreatment CT scans in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Predicted extranodal extension is independently associated with worse oncologic outcomes, highlighting the potential for improved treatment planning.
A team of researchers led by Professor Hiroki Obata reconstructed the structure of prehistoric fishing nets from ancient pottery using X-ray CT. The study revealed a rich diversity in net-making techniques between regions and highlighted the importance of sustainability practices in ancient cultures.
Researchers developed DF-FPDT to address low-frequency loss from non-matched illumination in live-cell imaging, enabling high-resolution and high-contrast 3D reconstructions. This breakthrough technique leverages non-matched illumination to enhance structural details without additional hardware or post-processing.
Researchers developed a new method to correct for variations in brain imaging measurements, reducing bias and increasing the accuracy of studies on ADHD. The traveling-subject method demonstrated reduced measurement bias while maintaining sampling bias, revealing decreased brain volume in critical regions for cognitive functions.
A new 'dual-mode' tracer agent shows promise in helping surgeons image and plan prostate cancer procedures while also providing guided surgery with real-time radiation detection. The tracer targets PSMA, a protein highly expressed on prostate cancer cells, offering high-resolution visual guidance and targeted radiation density detection.
State-of-the-art LLMs can assist radiologists in interpreting chest CT reports, reaching a 75% accuracy rate across common diseases. Fine-tuning and prompt engineering improve model performance, with GPT-4 and Qwen-Max showing exceptional strength.
Researchers developed a classification system to accurately distinguish granulomas from peripheral lung cancers based on thin-section computed tomography (TSCT) features. Satellite lesions, halo sign, and calcification are indicative of granulomas, while well-defined solid nodules with lobulation raise suspicion for PLCs.
A team of scientists from Colorado State University and the University of São Paulo have developed a seismological solution to improve the resolution of ultrasound images for lung monitoring. This breakthrough could lead to improved critical care for patients, including continuous lung monitoring at the bedside. The technique uses seis...
A collaborative research team led by KAIST has developed a groundbreaking technology that uses advanced optical techniques combined with an AI-based deep learning algorithm to create realistic 3D images of cancer tissue. This breakthrough paves the way for next-generation non-invasive pathological diagnosis.
A new COPD diagnostic approach integrates respiratory symptoms, quality of life, spirometry, and CT imaging to accurately classify individuals with the disease. This framework reveals increased risks for mortality, exacerbations, and lung function decline among those classified as having COPD.
Researchers used CT scanning to study decomposing zebrafish without altering the natural decay process, providing unprecedented insights into fossil formation. The non-invasive technique allows scientists to monitor decay in real-time, including the buildup of decomposition gases within internal cavities.
Researchers have developed deterministic benchmarking (DB), a more detailed and efficient method for identifying specific types of quantum noise and errors. DB provides accurate information about both coherent and incoherent errors, enabling better calibration of quantum gates.
Current computed tomography (CT) imaging may lead to up to 103,000 future cancers over a patient's lifetime. If practices persist, CT-associated cancer could account for 5% of all new diagnoses annually.
A Colorado State University team has achieved a new milestone in 3D X-ray imaging technology by capturing high-resolution CT scans of the interior of a large, dense object using a compact, laser-driven X-ray source. This breakthrough offers a fast and non-destructive way to obtain detailed views inside dense structures.
The study resolves a long-standing challenge in observing nanostructures and enables real-time tracking of three-dimensional atomic structural changes in individual nanoparticles. Researchers successfully captured the precise moments when surface atoms detached, rearranged, or reattached in three dimensions.
A new integrated 3D imaging approach has revealed exquisite detail of the virus assembly process used by herpes simplex virus during replication. The research identified previously unknown functions of HSV-1 structural proteins and provided insights into the unmutated gene's usual role in viral assembly.
Researchers developed a software tool called clipping spline to visualize complex structures in 3D images. The tool provides unprecedented capabilities to analyze 4D OCT images of embryonic mouse heart development, revealing unseen dynamics and processes.
Fogarty's research aims to monitor language function and recovery in post-stroke patients using DOT. She hopes to establish the feasibility of brain-computer interfaces to restore inter-personal communication for post-stroke patients.
Researchers have developed a new X-ray technique called XL-DOT that visualizes crystal grains, grain boundaries, and defects in materials, enabling previously inaccessible insights into functional materials. The technique uses polarized X-rays to probe the orientation of structural domains in three dimensions.
Max Delbrück Center researchers have uncovered new features of the molecular architecture of synaptic vesicles using cryo-electron tomography. The study reveals a persistent association between V-ATPase and synaptophysin, suggesting an important function in neurotransmission.
Scientists at National Institute for Fusion Science create high-speed plasma phase-space distribution measurement, improving data resolution by 50-fold. The new technique reveals wave-particle interactions and simultaneous rightward-leftward waves, leading to more efficient plasma heating.
A new study reveals that lung cancer screening CTs can detect coronary artery disease in 83% of cases, with high levels found in 30%. This finding highlights the potential benefits of lung cancer screening for identifying and managing cardiovascular risk factors.
Scientists have captured 3D snapshots of individual RNA nanoparticles in motion, showcasing the dynamic and intricate folding process. This breakthrough uses advanced electron microscopy to study RNA's flexibility, enabling new insights into its structure and potential applications in molecular medicine.
Scientists have identified a 22-million-year-old dolphin species, Romaleodelphis pollerspoecki, that was able to hear high-frequency sounds. The fossil, found in Austria, reveals an elongated snout and uniform teeth, differing significantly from known prehistoric dolphin lineages.
Researchers used x-ray microtomography to discover and describe 12 new weevil species from Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Taiwan. The technique revealed significant morphological differences between species, which cannot be easily observed using other methods.
Scientists at Paderborn University used high-performance computing to analyse a quantum photonics experiment, performing calculations in just minutes. The findings have significant implications for characterising photonic quantum computer hardware and will shape the future of quantum research.
College of Medicine – Tucson researchers are using a $3.3 million grant to test advanced breast computed tomography (CT) scans that create high-resolution 3-D images without physical compression, aiming to enhance early cancer detection and diagnosis for women with dense breasts. The technology has the potential to detect more breast c...
Researchers used neutron tomography to analyze Iron Age bronze Iranian swords, detecting glue and modern tools used to alter their value. The study highlights the prevalence of modern tampering in antiquities trafficking, with implications for heritage crime and museum collections.
Researchers at Rice University and Northeastern University have made a discovery in the fight against COVID-19, uncovering new insights into how the virus infects human cells and can be neutralized. They found that antibodies targeting a specific part of the spike protein can bind to it and prevent the virus from entering human cells.
Researchers develop an unsupervised deep learning-based method to reconstruct particle distribution in Tomographic PIV, achieving superior performance over traditional methods. The new technique demonstrates potential for practical applications in high-density particle fields and high-velocity flow fields.
Researchers at WVU created a motion-compatible brain scanner that allows patients to move around during imaging. The Ambulatory Motion-enabling PET (AMPET) scanner can help study human behaviors, balance, and emotions, and may be used to monitor brain activity for PTSD treatment and mindfulness meditation.
Researchers used synchrotron X-ray tomography to image growth rings in fossilized tooth roots, estimating lifespans and growth rates of early mammals. The study found that the modern mammal growth pattern emerged around 130 million years ago, with earlier animals growing more slowly and living longer.
Researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed an effective way to image a single cell using multiple techniques, providing significant implications in medicine and agriculture. The team used advanced X-ray imaging technologies to capture high-resolution images of the cellular structure and chemical processes within cells.
Researchers studied the anatomy of mudskippers to understand their adaptations to life on land. They found that the fish's muscles in the pectoral fins are bigger and that some bone-connecting tendons were replaced by fascia tissue, providing stability and strength for walking.
Researchers have created a detailed 3D atlas of the African clawed frog's development, revealing key changes during metamorphosis. The atlas uses X-ray microtomography to show the transformation from tadpole to mature adult frog.
Researchers have determined the structure of molecules within an Alzheimer's disease brain for the first time using cryo-electron tomography and fluorescence microscopy. This study revealed the molecular structure of tau protein and its arrangement with amyloid plaques, providing new insights into the pathology of the disease.
A new study published in Science Advances documents the first case of Down syndrome in Neandertals, named 'Tina', and reveals that they provided extensive care for a young child with severe hearing loss. The discovery sheds light on the existence of true altruism among Neandertals.
Scientists at uOttawa have developed Fourier Quantum Process Tomography (FQPT) to validate quantum circuit performance. The technique allows for high-accuracy characterization with minimal measurements, enabling significant advancements in quantum computing.
Researchers are working to make publicly funded data collection in computed tomography widely available and understandable by diverse communities. The Non-Clinical Tomography Users Research Network aims to improve data handling across scientific disciplines and standardize data acquisition, handling, and sharing.
A groundbreaking system utilizing a flexible tactile sensor based on electrical impedance tomography (EIT) offers significant advantages in terms of flexibility and sensitivity compared to conventional methods. The system achieved high classification accuracies, with reconstructed images and measured voltage vectors.
A team of researchers used state-of-the-art imaging techniques to study lithium-ion battery cells. They identified macroscopic deformations in the copper current collector due to local accumulations of silicon during electrode manufacturing. The defects compromise cell structure and functioning when agglomerates exceed 50 microns in size.
Canadian researchers have developed a new 3D printing method called blurred tomography that can rapidly produce microlenses with commercial-level optical quality. The method uses projected light to solidify a light-sensitive resin in specific areas, allowing for rapid prototyping of optical components.
Scientists have developed a new approach to simulate the magnetization reversal of Nd-Fe-B magnets, shedding light on microstructural features hindering coercivity. The digital twins can guide the development of sustainable permanent magnets with ultimate performance.
Researchers have discovered a rare dust particle trapped in an ancient meteorite that formed from a star other than the sun. The particle contains exceptionally high levels of magnesium isotopes, which can only be explained by formation in a hydrogen-burning supernova.
The T2oFu method offers a new approach to quantitative phase and polarization-sensitive tomography, enabling high-contrast images of muscle fibers with implications for diagnosing skeletal myopathies. The technique has been successfully tested on heart tissue samples with cardiac amyloidosis, providing promising results.
Researchers have discovered distinct characteristics of the lower mantle flow field beneath the Philippine Sea Plate. They found that ancient N-S fast velocity directions exist at depths of 700-900 km and are not related to slab subduction or a mantle plume.
A new method for phase-modulated stimulated Raman scattering tomography enables rapid, label-free 3D chemical imaging of live cells and tissues. This technique improves lateral resolution and imaging depth compared to conventional methods.