Articles tagged with Tomography
A neural network-based machine learning model accelerates diffuse optical tomography by over a million-fold, enabling real-time diagnosis. The model accurately reproduces signals even for unseen parameter combinations, with each inference taking approximately 2 milliseconds.
The research paper, published in an ICE journal, presents a new experimental approach to visualizing root growth and interaction with soil structures. The project's success highlights the global impact of research conducted at Kumamoto University.
A study combines polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) with artificial intelligence to reveal subtle corneal changes that standard imaging often misses. The technique improves detection and classification of subclinical keratoconus, enabling earlier diagnosis and more precise care.
Researchers at Kumamoto University discovered that combining cardiac Computed Tomography (CT) scan markers can identify patients at highest risk for future heart failure and death. The 'delayed phase' scan detects localized scarring and subtle damage throughout the heart muscle, providing a synergistic view of heart health.
A new study reveals a significant link between obstructive sleep apnea and skeletal muscle quality, indicating an increased risk of muscle deterioration with aging. Researchers found that people with obstructive sleep apnea have lower skeletal muscle density and a higher skeletal muscle index than those without the condition.
Researchers used 3D imaging and artificial intelligence to analyze the microscopic structure of coral skeletons, revealing subtle changes caused by Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease. The study found that Attention U-Net performed best in detecting differences between healthy and diseased corals.
A novel imaging reconstruction framework, TT-PADM, enables high-quality photoacoustic tomography imaging even under limited-view and sparse-view acquisition constraints. This breakthrough technique reduces the number of required acoustic transducers without compromising image quality.
Using AI-driven analytical methods, researchers have created a custom OCT system that enables the objective measurement of wound progress over time. The platform shows that stiffer mechanical properties improve wound healing outcomes, with faster transition to intact regenerated tissue.
A cohort study found that smokers with negative baseline low-dose computed tomography findings had a significantly increased long-term lung cancer risk, becoming apparent only after two years of screening. This suggests supporting extended initial screening intervals and personalized long-term monitoring based on smoking history.
A new species of baby dinosaur, Doolysaurus huhmini, has been discovered on Aphae Island in Korea, estimated to be around two years old. The fossil was analyzed using X-ray technology and revealed growth markers, gastroliths, and a possible fuzzy coat, providing insights into the dinosaur's diet and anatomy.
A new database of 3D ant models, Antscan, provides high-resolution micro-CT scans of 800 different ant species, revolutionizing the study of organismal shape and form. The database facilitates large-scale digitization of small organisms, enabling scientists to better model ant movement and study locomotion.
A new framework called compilation-based quantum process tomography (CQPT) has been introduced to simplify the process of determining a quantum device's behavior. CQPT uses a single measurement outcome per input state, making it more efficient and scalable than traditional methods.
The study reveals marked variation in radiation dose to patients from diagnostic testing, particularly affecting low- and middle-income countries. Standardized protocols and updated equipment are urgently needed to reduce global radiation exposure and improve the quality of CAD diagnosis.
Scientists have developed a new technique that combines rotational ultrasound tomography (RUST) with photoacoustic tomography (PAT) to create 3D color images of soft tissues and blood vessel function. This method has the potential to enhance breast tumor imaging, monitor nerve damage caused by diabetes, and brain imaging.
A new imaging technique using ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography can reduce unnecessary benign breast biopsies by nearly 25%, according to a recent study. The technology uses near-infrared light to create 3D pictures of tissues, revealing functional differences between normal and cancerous tissue.
Researchers developed an innovative noninvasive technique that combines ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging to capture images of both tissue and blood vessels. The technology has the potential to address current gaps in medical imaging, providing faster and more comprehensive imaging at meaningful depths.
Researchers will use revolutionary technology to transform understanding of extreme environments, revealing how black holes behave and evolve. The project aims to deliver dynamic gravitational tomography, creating 3D movies showing plasma flows around black holes.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new method for attaching fluorine-18 to trifluoromethyl groups, enabling the tagging of previously inaccessible targets in PET scans. This breakthrough expands the range of molecules that can be imaged, potentially leading to earlier diagnoses and more targeted treatments for diseases.
Researchers visualize how silicon anodes form shell-like voids around their surfaces during charging, but find that parts of the solid electrolyte remain attached to the Si, maintaining partial ionic contact. This allows the battery to continue operating efficiently despite significant structural changes.
A study at Technical University of Munich found that AI-simplified CT reports reduced reading time to two minutes and improved patient comprehension. Patients rated the simplified texts as more helpful and informative, with 82% finding them easier to read and understand.
Optic disc edema progression in spaceflight predicted using optical coherence tomography imaging, suggesting crew members without ODE on day 30 unlikely to develop concern on day 150. This technology offers opportunity for predicting ODE magnitude during longer missions.
A new study uses X-ray microcomputed tomography to image and analyze 3D chaotic microcavities without harming them. The team found that distorted shapes lead to Arnold diffusion, confirming a long-standing theoretical prediction about 3D chaotic light dynamics.
A new study may transform the diagnosis of Britain's number one cancer, lung cancer. Researchers are investigating whether low-dose CT scans can detect lung cancers earlier than current chest X-rays. The study aims to identify which patients would benefit from these more accurate scans.
A cohort study found that early extracranial surgery was associated with adverse outcomes in function, cognition, and disability after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. The study suggests that further research is needed to determine if surgical timing or other interventions can improve long-term deficits.
A new method, pioneered by University of Sydney student Carra Williams, uses neutron computed tomography to identify well-preserved pockets of coral skeleton that can reveal precise timelines of sea-level and climate shifts. The technique has the potential to transform how scientists reconstruct ancient climates.
Researchers at TU Wien and Institut Langevin create fingerprint matrix technique to overcome problem of multiple scattering, allowing detection of objects even in dense cloud or murky water. The method has been tested on metal objects buried in sand, medical markers, and muscle fibers, with promising results.
An AI model successfully automates lymph node segmentation and extranodal extension classification from pretreatment CT scans in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Predicted extranodal extension is independently associated with worse oncologic outcomes, highlighting the potential for improved treatment planning.
A team of researchers led by Professor Hiroki Obata reconstructed the structure of prehistoric fishing nets from ancient pottery using X-ray CT. The study revealed a rich diversity in net-making techniques between regions and highlighted the importance of sustainability practices in ancient cultures.
Researchers developed DF-FPDT to address low-frequency loss from non-matched illumination in live-cell imaging, enabling high-resolution and high-contrast 3D reconstructions. This breakthrough technique leverages non-matched illumination to enhance structural details without additional hardware or post-processing.
Researchers developed a new method to correct for variations in brain imaging measurements, reducing bias and increasing the accuracy of studies on ADHD. The traveling-subject method demonstrated reduced measurement bias while maintaining sampling bias, revealing decreased brain volume in critical regions for cognitive functions.
A new 'dual-mode' tracer agent shows promise in helping surgeons image and plan prostate cancer procedures while also providing guided surgery with real-time radiation detection. The tracer targets PSMA, a protein highly expressed on prostate cancer cells, offering high-resolution visual guidance and targeted radiation density detection.
State-of-the-art LLMs can assist radiologists in interpreting chest CT reports, reaching a 75% accuracy rate across common diseases. Fine-tuning and prompt engineering improve model performance, with GPT-4 and Qwen-Max showing exceptional strength.
Researchers developed a classification system to accurately distinguish granulomas from peripheral lung cancers based on thin-section computed tomography (TSCT) features. Satellite lesions, halo sign, and calcification are indicative of granulomas, while well-defined solid nodules with lobulation raise suspicion for PLCs.
A team of scientists from Colorado State University and the University of São Paulo have developed a seismological solution to improve the resolution of ultrasound images for lung monitoring. This breakthrough could lead to improved critical care for patients, including continuous lung monitoring at the bedside. The technique uses seis...
A collaborative research team led by KAIST has developed a groundbreaking technology that uses advanced optical techniques combined with an AI-based deep learning algorithm to create realistic 3D images of cancer tissue. This breakthrough paves the way for next-generation non-invasive pathological diagnosis.
A new COPD diagnostic approach integrates respiratory symptoms, quality of life, spirometry, and CT imaging to accurately classify individuals with the disease. This framework reveals increased risks for mortality, exacerbations, and lung function decline among those classified as having COPD.
Researchers used CT scanning to study decomposing zebrafish without altering the natural decay process, providing unprecedented insights into fossil formation. The non-invasive technique allows scientists to monitor decay in real-time, including the buildup of decomposition gases within internal cavities.
Researchers have developed deterministic benchmarking (DB), a more detailed and efficient method for identifying specific types of quantum noise and errors. DB provides accurate information about both coherent and incoherent errors, enabling better calibration of quantum gates.
Current computed tomography (CT) imaging may lead to up to 103,000 future cancers over a patient's lifetime. If practices persist, CT-associated cancer could account for 5% of all new diagnoses annually.
A Colorado State University team has achieved a new milestone in 3D X-ray imaging technology by capturing high-resolution CT scans of the interior of a large, dense object using a compact, laser-driven X-ray source. This breakthrough offers a fast and non-destructive way to obtain detailed views inside dense structures.
The study resolves a long-standing challenge in observing nanostructures and enables real-time tracking of three-dimensional atomic structural changes in individual nanoparticles. Researchers successfully captured the precise moments when surface atoms detached, rearranged, or reattached in three dimensions.
A new integrated 3D imaging approach has revealed exquisite detail of the virus assembly process used by herpes simplex virus during replication. The research identified previously unknown functions of HSV-1 structural proteins and provided insights into the unmutated gene's usual role in viral assembly.
Researchers developed a software tool called clipping spline to visualize complex structures in 3D images. The tool provides unprecedented capabilities to analyze 4D OCT images of embryonic mouse heart development, revealing unseen dynamics and processes.
Fogarty's research aims to monitor language function and recovery in post-stroke patients using DOT. She hopes to establish the feasibility of brain-computer interfaces to restore inter-personal communication for post-stroke patients.
Researchers have developed a new X-ray technique called XL-DOT that visualizes crystal grains, grain boundaries, and defects in materials, enabling previously inaccessible insights into functional materials. The technique uses polarized X-rays to probe the orientation of structural domains in three dimensions.
Scientists at National Institute for Fusion Science create high-speed plasma phase-space distribution measurement, improving data resolution by 50-fold. The new technique reveals wave-particle interactions and simultaneous rightward-leftward waves, leading to more efficient plasma heating.
Max Delbrück Center researchers have uncovered new features of the molecular architecture of synaptic vesicles using cryo-electron tomography. The study reveals a persistent association between V-ATPase and synaptophysin, suggesting an important function in neurotransmission.
A new study reveals that lung cancer screening CTs can detect coronary artery disease in 83% of cases, with high levels found in 30%. This finding highlights the potential benefits of lung cancer screening for identifying and managing cardiovascular risk factors.
Scientists have captured 3D snapshots of individual RNA nanoparticles in motion, showcasing the dynamic and intricate folding process. This breakthrough uses advanced electron microscopy to study RNA's flexibility, enabling new insights into its structure and potential applications in molecular medicine.
Scientists have identified a 22-million-year-old dolphin species, Romaleodelphis pollerspoecki, that was able to hear high-frequency sounds. The fossil, found in Austria, reveals an elongated snout and uniform teeth, differing significantly from known prehistoric dolphin lineages.
Researchers used x-ray microtomography to discover and describe 12 new weevil species from Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Taiwan. The technique revealed significant morphological differences between species, which cannot be easily observed using other methods.
Scientists at Paderborn University used high-performance computing to analyse a quantum photonics experiment, performing calculations in just minutes. The findings have significant implications for characterising photonic quantum computer hardware and will shape the future of quantum research.
College of Medicine – Tucson researchers are using a $3.3 million grant to test advanced breast computed tomography (CT) scans that create high-resolution 3-D images without physical compression, aiming to enhance early cancer detection and diagnosis for women with dense breasts. The technology has the potential to detect more breast c...
Researchers used neutron tomography to analyze Iron Age bronze Iranian swords, detecting glue and modern tools used to alter their value. The study highlights the prevalence of modern tampering in antiquities trafficking, with implications for heritage crime and museum collections.
Researchers at Rice University and Northeastern University have made a discovery in the fight against COVID-19, uncovering new insights into how the virus infects human cells and can be neutralized. They found that antibodies targeting a specific part of the spike protein can bind to it and prevent the virus from entering human cells.
Researchers develop an unsupervised deep learning-based method to reconstruct particle distribution in Tomographic PIV, achieving superior performance over traditional methods. The new technique demonstrates potential for practical applications in high-density particle fields and high-velocity flow fields.
Researchers at WVU created a motion-compatible brain scanner that allows patients to move around during imaging. The Ambulatory Motion-enabling PET (AMPET) scanner can help study human behaviors, balance, and emotions, and may be used to monitor brain activity for PTSD treatment and mindfulness meditation.
Researchers used synchrotron X-ray tomography to image growth rings in fossilized tooth roots, estimating lifespans and growth rates of early mammals. The study found that the modern mammal growth pattern emerged around 130 million years ago, with earlier animals growing more slowly and living longer.
Researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed an effective way to image a single cell using multiple techniques, providing significant implications in medicine and agriculture. The team used advanced X-ray imaging technologies to capture high-resolution images of the cellular structure and chemical processes within cells.
Researchers studied the anatomy of mudskippers to understand their adaptations to life on land. They found that the fish's muscles in the pectoral fins are bigger and that some bone-connecting tendons were replaced by fascia tissue, providing stability and strength for walking.