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American Institute of Physics


What water looks like to DNA

A team of biochemists and mathematicians developed a geometric model to predict how biological molecules interact with water, computing results up to 20 times faster. This approach may help identify new targets for treating human diseases.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalThe Journal of Chemical Physics·DateNov 19, 2013

Enhancing battery performance

Researchers from Japan have developed a new method to align the individual grains of lithium cobalt oxide in a cathode, resulting in improved Li-ion battery performance. The aligned structure allows for easier access for lithium ions, reducing stress and increasing efficiency, making it a major breakthrough in Li-ion battery technology.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalAPL Materials·DateNov 19, 2013

Whither the teakettle whistle

A team of engineers has accurately modeled the whistling mechanism in a classic stovetop kettle, identifying two-mechanism process of whistle production and potential solutions to noisy plumbing issues. The study's findings reveal that swirling vortices create the siren sound, which could help eliminate annoying noises.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateNov 15, 2013

A question for Jupiter

Scientists Pedram Hassanzadeh and Philip Marcus present a new model explaining the Great Red Spot's persistence, suggesting vertical flow plays a key role. The model also predicts radial flow pumping energy into the vortex, enabling it to last longer.

New aluminum alloy stores hydrogen

A new aluminum-based alloy has been successfully synthesized, enabling safe and efficient hydrogen storage for fuel cell vehicles. Researchers achieved the goal of creating a simple-structured aluminum-based interstitial alloy through extreme pressure and high temperature conditions.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalAPL Materials·DateNov 5, 2013

Designing an acoustic diode

Researchers in China's Nanjing University have designed a novel acoustic diode that could provide brighter and clearer ultrasound images by eliminating acoustic disturbances. The device, which uses a near-Zero Index Metamaterial, achieves one-way transmission of sound waves, crucial for medical ultrasound applications.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalApplied Physics Letters·DateNov 1, 2013

Safer nuclear fuels

Scientists have identified promising new materials that can encase uranium-bearing fuel, reducing the risk of high-temperature oxidation and failure. These materials may eventually replace traditional zirconium alloys, which have been used for 50 years, if they prove safer in the event of a nuclear disaster.

Seeing in the dark

A new dual-band infrared remote sensing system has been developed by Chinese researchers, allowing for the simultaneous detection and identification of thermal infrared signatures. This innovation enables higher sensitivity for measuring IR spectra than existing combined imaging and spectral-analysis devices.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalReview of Scientific Instruments·DateOct 29, 2013

Understanding DNA damage

Researchers have devised a model of DNA's close environment under threat from low-energy electrons, revealing their effects on DNA in natural conditions. The study aims to improve current uses of radiation, such as in cancer treatments and diagnostic procedures.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalThe Journal of Chemical Physics·DateOct 25, 2013

Measuring blood sugar with light

Researchers have developed a novel, non-invasive method to measure blood sugar levels using photoacoustic spectroscopy and infrared laser light. The technology has the potential to make diabetes management easier and more reliable without pricking or using test strips.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalReview of Scientific Instruments·DateOct 25, 2013

Shifting winds in turbine arrays

Researchers developed a new model to measure changes in air flow patterns affecting wind turbines' output power. The study found that energy can be transferred to wind turbines from both above and below the blades, expanding our understanding of wind turbine performance.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateOct 22, 2013

Low-priced plastic photovoltaics

Researchers have developed a new method for exerting control over the arrangement of polymer molecules in plastic solar cells, enabling them to produce more electrical current. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper and more efficient solar panels, making renewable energy more accessible.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalThe Journal of Chemical Physics·DateOct 22, 2013

Salmonella sensing system

A novel design uses a magnetoelastic biosensor and surface-scanning coil detector to detect Salmonella on food surfaces, enabling real-time testing of food and processing plant equipment. This handheld device can be used in agricultural fields or processing plants to quickly identify contaminated surfaces.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateOct 18, 2013

How a worm became a swim model

Researchers studied C. elegans worm's swimming patterns to gain insights into human health and disease, leading to potential applications in drug screening and designing smart soft robots. The study aims to provide powerful tools for developing sensitive screens to test drug compounds that affect nerve cells or muscles.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateOct 14, 2013

Ultraviolet light to the extreme

Researchers have mapped and modeled EUV emission from a droplet-based plasma, uncovering a previously untapped source of extreme ultraviolet light. This discovery could improve the efficiency of semiconductor lithography, enabling the creation of smaller and more complex integrated circuits.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateOct 4, 2013

'Walking droplets'

A team of researchers at MIT has successfully created walking droplets that exhibit pilot-wave dynamics in action. These droplets are reminiscent of the pilot-wave theory proposed by Louis de Broglie and were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic quantum realm.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateOct 1, 2013

Solar power's future brawl

Researchers used computer modeling to predict electronic and optical properties of silicon structures with potential applications for solar energy collection. The study found that amorphous quantum dot chains significantly increase light absorption with increased interactions between individual nanospheres in the chain.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy·DateOct 1, 2013

Bright, laser-based lighting devices

Researchers at University of California, Santa Barbara, have devised a new method for creating high-power white light using a laser diode in combination with inorganic phosphors. The resulting lighting options are high in efficiency and have been shown to achieve a luminous flux comparable to current high-brightness white LEDs.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalAIP Advances·DateSep 27, 2013

3-D models of electrical streamers

A team of researchers at MIT has developed an accurate 3-D model of streamer propagation, which qualitatively and quantitatively describes the development of electric breakdown in dielectrics. The model offers great promise for applications such as medical imaging, aerospace engineering, and power transmission.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateSep 27, 2013

Fusion, anyone?

Researchers at National Ignition Facility have made significant progress in creating a self-sustained fusion reaction, but still face challenges to overcome before achieving the highly stable and precisely directed implosion required for ignition.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Plasmas·DateSep 24, 2013

New technology for bioseparation

A new technology developed by Brown University researchers simplifies biomolecule separation using microfluidics and magnets, increasing accuracy and sensitivity in disease detection. The technique has great applicability for point-of-care platforms and specific applications include testing for HIV and influenza.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalBiomicrofluidics·DateSep 17, 2013

To touch the microcosmos

Researchers have developed a new technique called haptic optical tweezers, enabling scientists to 'feel' the microscopic structures under the lens. This technology allows users to explore the microworld by sensing and exerting piconewton-scale forces with trapped microspheres.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalReview of Scientific Instruments·DateSep 13, 2013

Indiana Jones meets George Jetson

A team of researchers has designed a high-tech microplasma source that can efficiently analyze carbon isotopes in organic samples. This breakthrough device may transform field archaeology by providing new information during excavation decision-making processes.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateSep 6, 2013

Growing thin films of germanium

Researchers developed a new technique to produce thin films of germanium crystals without high temperatures or other crystals as seeds. This allows for the production of large-area germanium films, opening new ways to create advanced flexible electronics.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalApplied Physics Letters·DateSep 6, 2013

Can solar energy help save Greece?

A new analysis suggests that Greece's renewable energy programs, particularly solar, could lower domestic energy costs and provide an export commodity to aid in the country's economic recovery. However, addressing public concerns about foreign involvement is crucial for realizing solar's potential.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy·DateAug 14, 2013