A new paper in Physics of Fluids provides a more consistent way to describe the forces acting on waves and undertows. The researchers found that different approaches were due to incorrect handling of weak forces, not methodology. This advance enables better models for predicting beach erosion and can help preserve shorelines.
Researchers developed a way to simplify modeling of 'bistable' systems, involving two evolving species with different timescales. This new approach can accurately predict population dynamics and time to extinction in predator-prey models.
A team of mathematicians and optometrists developed a mathematical model to better understand the inner workings of tear film distribution over the eye's surface. Their findings suggest that it takes a blink to redistribute tear film, which may aid in the development of better treatments for dry eye disease.
Researchers provide first rigorous formulation supporting Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, enabling precise characterization of information accessible in quantum experiments. The work highlights the fundamental limits of measurements in quantum physics and may corroborate the security of quantum cryptographic protocols.
Successful physics startups often differ from internet startups in terms of risk-taking and market strategies. Funding is a major challenge for entrepreneurs, with venture capitalists becoming more risk-averse.
Scientists have developed a solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lamp that emits high-energy UV light at the shortest wavelengths ever recorded. This breakthrough promises smaller, safer, and longer-lasting lamps for sterilizing medical devices and cleaning semiconductor substrates.
Researchers created a new ultracapacitor by combining graphene flakes with single-walled carbon nanotubes, resulting in three times higher specific capacitance. The hybrid structure's low costs and small size make it suitable for portable electronics and hybrid electric vehicles.
A new study reveals a sensitive detection method that can identify small quantities of plutonium or highly enriched uranium in luggage, posing a significant threat to nuclear security. The approach combines commercially available spectral X-ray detectors with a specialized algorithm, enhancing the detection powers of X-ray imaging.
A team of researchers in China has created a new artificial surface that can bend and focus electromagnetic waves like an antenna. The breakthrough, described as the first broadband transformation optics metasurface lens, may lead to flat or ultra-low profile antennas.
A research team in Japan has developed a spintronics-based technology that could replace volatile memory, enabling extremely energy-efficient devices powered by hand-crank or solar panels. The technology uses non-volatile function of advanced spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) to create 'normally off'...
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University developed a new method to study wake effects in wind farms, challenging conventional wisdom on the best arrangement of turbines. They found that an 'intermediate' staggering, where rows are imperfectly offset, can improve power output in some cases.
Researchers have designed a vacuum chamber to mimic Martian conditions, testing instruments and addressing challenges like dust. The goal is to better understand the habitability of other planets.
A new three-dimensional model of supernova collapse reveals the role of turbulent mixing in expanding, contracting and ejecting elements before explosion. This breakthrough insight into the death throes of stars sheds light on the formation of elements necessary for life on Earth.
A team of researchers used computer simulations to study the aerodynamics of flying snakes, discovering that whirls of wind surrounding the snake's body provide an extra boost of lift. This unique shape helps the snake glide efficiently through the air, making it a fascinating example of nature's efficient design.
Researchers have created an acoustic field rotator, a device that manipulates sound waves, using metamaterials. The device can rotate sound waves in a manner similar to electromagnetic or liquid wave counterparts, which could improve the operation of medical ultrasound machines and enhance image quality.
Researchers created computer models using PySB framework to explore biochemical processes driving cancer growth. The models aim to identify what goes wrong in cancer cells' self-destruction signals, potentially leading to novel therapies.
Huntington's disease is caused by an expansion in the polyglutamine tract of a protein called Huntingtin, leading to its misfolding and aggregation. Researchers have discovered that transient intermediate species called oligomers play a key role in neurotoxicity, rather than fibrillar aggregates. Modulating these oligomers through mole...
A team of Bay Area researchers explores factors that differentiate fertile sperm from infertile sperm, identifying crucial proteins known as ion channels critical for sperm fertility. The discovery may lead to the development of new diagnostic testing and treatments for male infertility.
A team of researchers used a multidisciplinary approach to study the effects of heart failure on electrical activity and calcium release in heart cells. They found increased variability in Ca2+ transient kinetics, indicating an uncoupling between membrane depolarization and Ca2+-release.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered a unique mechanism of drug resistance in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The discovery provides new insights into how therapy-induced point mutations confer drug resistance and may lead to the design of new NNRTI drugs.
Researchers at Virginia Tech used experimental measurements and analysis software to understand how fruit bats use their wings to manipulate airflow. They found that bat wings can generate forces up to two-to-three times greater than a static airfoil wing, making them ideal for designing micro air vehicles with flapping wings.
Researchers studying cow antibodies have gained insights into the diversity of human antibodies, which is crucial for recognizing and neutralizing pathogens. The unique structure of these cow antibodies may also be useful for antibody-based therapies or diagnostics.
Scientists have visualized the inactive X chromosome in intact cells for the first time, revealing its unique substructural organization. This breakthrough could help understand gene activity and inheritance patterns, with potential implications for diagnosing and treating X-chromosome-linked diseases.
Researchers developed a new form of soft matter that moves and reshapes itself in response to external stimuli, storing energy like living organisms. This 'living liquid crystal' holds promise for improving early disease detection, monitoring biological processes, and creating microfluidic biological sensors.
Researchers have identified how dengue virus enters cells using the DC-SIGN protein. Strong neutralization antibodies block this process, offering hope for vaccine development to combat the global mosquito-borne disease. The study's findings could lead to improved prevention and treatment of dengue fever.
Researchers are exploring the properties of amyloid beta peptides, implicated in Alzheimer's disease. By understanding their behavior, they hope to identify structures that lead to toxic aggregates and develop treatments.
The Vanderbilt team has deciphered the 3-D structure of a key MRSA protein, FosB, which inactivates an antibiotic called fosfomycin. This discovery may enable the design of inhibitors that can improve the effectiveness of fosfomycin and combat MRSA infections.
Researchers at Stanford University are studying light harvesting mechanisms in photosynthetic organisms to improve solar cell efficiency. They have discovered new states of light harvesting complexes with different degrees of quenching, which may be a molecular mechanism for photoprotection.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have characterized two novel proteins from the tularemia bacteria Francisella tularensis that may contribute to its virulence. These proteins, REP24 and REP34, are responsible for induction of rapid encystment in amoebae, which allows the bacteria to survive unfavorable conditions.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute in Germany develop new way to measure electron pair emission directly on a standard lab bench using time-of-flight spectrometers. This breakthrough allows for the quantification of electron correlation strength, crucial for designing novel materials with desirable properties.
Researchers have discovered a new class of high heat-tolerant electronics using supercapacitors made from CCTO, which could compete with existing devices and operate at higher temperatures. The material's permittivity and loss tangent properties are linked, allowing for efficient energy storage.
Researchers have found that properly designed rough surfaces can reduce skin-friction drag in turbulent conditions. The study models fluid flow between two surfaces covered with tiny ridges, which trap air bubbles and create a hydrodynamic cushion.
Researchers used high-speed photography to study how ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles dissolve killer blood clots. The team found that the bubbles deform the clots' boundaries before burrowing into them, creating fluid-filled tunnels that break up the clots from the inside out.
Researchers have developed a new recipe for growing graphene, using a thin film of copper with massive crystalline grains. The large grains enable the material to survive high temperatures needed for graphene growth.
Researchers develop a new method of wirelessly recharging medical device batteries with ultrasound, offering a safe and efficient means of wireless power transmission. The technology has been tested in animal tissue and demonstrated promising results.
New research shows Valley Girl dialect, known for rising pitch at the ends of sentences, is expanding to other demographic groups, including males. The study identified distinct melodic vocal patterns distinguishing uptalk questions from statements, busting stereotypes about insecurity and non-intellectualism associated with the dialect.
Researchers found that new vibration absorbers can reduce wheel squeal in public rail systems, but had a modest impact on rolling noise. The devices attach to the wheels or tracks of rail transit systems and may be effective in reducing wheel squeal, but more testing is needed to fully understand their effectiveness.
Researchers measured sound levels at a Formula 1 track and found that without protection, spectators could reach 234% or 85.85 dB of their daily allowed noise dosage going by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards. The study suggests wearing good hearing protection is essential to avoid permanent damage.
Researchers analyzed tongue twisters to understand the brain's speech-planning processes. They found that different types of tongue twisters induced distinct speech errors, revealing key differences in brain processing.
Researchers found that even DOD-approved soundproof rooms can be compromised by poor design and sealing issues. To improve security, acoustic door seals and mandatory entry vestibules are proposed as remedies.
Research suggests that killer whales eavesdrop on sounds generated by their marine mammal prey to locate and hunt them in dark waters. A two-year study in Alaska using acoustic recording tags found evidence of nighttime hunting, debunking previous assumptions about the animals' reliance on echolocation.
Researchers found that listeners can accurately determine the relative heights of speakers just by listening to them talk, thanks to specific sounds produced in the lower airways. The key clue lies in subglottal resonances, which become progressively lower with increasing height.
Researchers have developed a highly efficient thermoelectronic generator that can convert heat and solar energy into electricity without mechanical parts. The new design solves the space-charge problem, achieving efficiencies of up to 40%, paving the way for potential commercial applications in the renewable energy sector.
Scientists recorded and identified the sizzling sound of glacier ice as it melts, a phenomenon caused by trapped air bubbles escaping from the disappearing ice. This discovery could help researchers better monitor polar environments and track changes in glacier melt rates using underwater hydrophone recordings.
Brazilian researchers assessed caxirola sound levels and found them comparable to a normal conversation, with only slight differences from vuvuzela noise. They also analyzed instrument vibrations, finding variations in frequency and intensity over time.
Researchers have discovered that introducing plasma to combustion reactions can sustain flames in conditions where they would normally be extinguished. This technology could significantly improve the efficiency of military jets, passenger planes, and unmanned drones by conserving fuel and extending flight times.
Researchers discovered that fire ant rafts can store energy like an elastic material and dissipate energy as a viscous material. The structure of the raft is constantly changing through active rearrangements, allowing it to adapt to external forces.
Researchers found that mushrooms release water vapor to cool the air locally, creating convective cells that lift spores away from the fungus. This process allows mushrooms to spread their spores even in adverse conditions.
Researchers presented a new, simplified method of robotic flight at the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics Meeting in Pittsburgh. The device, weighing just two grams and spanning eight centimeters in width, flies by flapping four wings arranged like petals on a flower.
Researchers explore beer bottle-fluid interactions using cavitation analysis, explaining the formation of foam due to rapid expansion of smaller bubbles. The study's findings can be applied to other engineering concerns, such as erosion of ship propellers and carbon dioxide release in natural disasters.