Researchers studied cockroach behavior to develop faster robots, finding that mechanical changes can overcome nervous system limitations. Cockroach antennae bend in response to rough surfaces, allowing for stable navigation during high-speed maneuvers.
Ancel Keys, a prominent nutrition researcher, has had a significant impact on American eating habits. The new biography aims to explore his life and work in the context of the evolution of American food culture and its effects on health status.
Researchers found that maternal depression was associated with reduced structural connectivity in the right amygdala of newborns. This abnormal microstructure may contribute to a child's vulnerability to mental illness. The study suggests early intervention targeting maternal depression during pregnancy could reduce this risk.
Research from North Carolina State University found that nonstandard work schedules can hurt parent-child relationships, increasing delinquent behaviors. However, certain circumstances can be beneficial for children, particularly when one parent works a nonstandard schedule while the other maintains a standard schedule.
Researchers develop a new method of wirelessly recharging medical device batteries with ultrasound, offering a safe and efficient means of wireless power transmission. The technology has been tested in animal tissue and demonstrated promising results.
Research suggests women tend to view sexually explicit ads negatively, except when paired with high-value products like luxury watches. Women's attitudes soften towards such ads due to the connotation of exclusivity and rarity associated with premium pricing.
Researchers say sea-level rise will become the dominant driver of flooding and coastal damage, even if storm activity changes. The study suggests a holistic approach to manage coastal systems to mitigate this threat.
The study found that Miscanthus x giganteus yields are more than twice those of switchgrass in US field trials. The average annual yield of Miscanthus was 10.5 tons per acre, compared to 4.5 tons per acre for switchgrass. This suggests that Miscanthus could be a viable alternative for sustainable energy production in the US.
Scientists discovered rapid warming in the Eifel region 12,240 years ago and 100 years later in southern Norway. The study uses volcanic ash as a time marker to explain the 120-year difference in timing.
A review of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation effects on Parkinson's disease patients reveals that while it improves motor features, social maladjustment and certain aspects of quality of life can be negatively impacted. Effective strategies are needed to mitigate these adverse effects and improve patients' overall well-being.
The American Society of Hematology has released a list of common hematology tests, treatments, and procedures that are not always necessary. The list highlights five tests or procedures to question, including limiting surveillance CT scans in asymptomatic patients following curative-intent treatment for aggressive lymphoma.
Tropical Depression 33W rapidly weakened, with only two isolated areas of heavy rainfall remaining. The depression was expected to move northeast and dissipate over the next day due to high vertical wind shear.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide discovered that the stomach's nerves act as a circadian clock, controlling food intake. The discovery suggests that the gut signals the brain about when to stop eating, and how this timing varies throughout the day.
A study conducted by Vanderbilt University researchers found that skilled typists can't identify the positions of many keys on the QWERTY keyboard and novice typists don't appear to learn key locations. The results contradict the widely held theory of automatic learning, which suggests that typing becomes unconscious with repetition.
A study found that 14% of veterinarians burn out within 10 years of qualifying, with women being almost twice as likely to experience burn-out, and reaching it faster. The causes include job demands and low self-efficacy among female vets.
A review paper highlights how human structures like dams and seawalls are hindering coastal wetlands' natural defense mechanisms. Wetlands can build up their soils to outpace sea level rise through various responses, but human activities are disrupting these processes.
ETH-scientists develop software to scan 3D models using smartphone technology, allowing users to capture objects easily and efficiently. The app uses inertial sensors and graphics processing power to enable faster reconstruction and increased interactivity.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a new approach to password management that leverages shared visual cues to enable users to remember multiple passwords. By pairing short stories with photos, the system generates unique, strong passwords for multiple accounts, promoting secure and easy password management.
A study published in Neurology suggests that a vaccine used to prevent tuberculosis may help prevent multiple sclerosis in people showing early signs of the disease. After six months, vaccinated individuals had fewer brain lesions than those who received a placebo, with 58% not developing MS compared to 30%.
Researchers at the University of Colorado have synthesized the most active component of grape seed extract, B2G2, which induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed. The findings suggest that B2G2 is a promising lead compound for future clinical trials and preclinical studies.
The American Institute of Biological Sciences has selected three individuals as winners of its 2013 Faces of Biology: Broader Impacts Photo Contest. The winning photos showcase the broader impacts of biological sciences, including informing natural resources management and addressing climate change.
Researchers have identified regions beneath the oceans where igneous rocks can safely store large volumes of carbon dioxide. The stored CO2 would be locked away for centuries, preventing its release into the atmosphere or oceans.
New research shows Valley Girl dialect, known for rising pitch at the ends of sentences, is expanding to other demographic groups, including males. The study identified distinct melodic vocal patterns distinguishing uptalk questions from statements, busting stereotypes about insecurity and non-intellectualism associated with the dialect.
A new mathematical model can help business owners and policymakers determine the optimal locations for wholesale distributors to minimize transportation costs and maximize producers' and retailers' benefits. The model considers factors like distributor size, road conditions, and gas prices to identify ideal hubs in various supply chains.
A study by PNNL researchers found that highly insulating windows reduce energy consumption by 12.2% in a home setting. However, the high upfront cost takes anywhere from 23 to 55 years to pay off, making comfort and other benefits more immediate.
Researchers at CNIO discovered blocking Cdh1 protein prevents cellular proliferation in rapidly dividing cells. This could lead to new therapies targeting cancer.
Two new studies published in Menopause journal show that low-dose flibanserin improves sexual function in postmenopausal women, while high-dose testosterone also yields benefits, but with cautionary notes on cardiovascular risks.
Researchers found that blood vessels in face transplant recipients reorganize themselves, creating new networks to ensure healthy circulation. This understanding could improve surgical planning and assessment of potential complications, potentially shortening operation time and reducing procedure-associated complications.
A new study shows that telemedicine consultations can effectively manage Parkinson's symptoms and improve quality of life. Virtual house calls enable individuals with the condition to live independently while receiving specialized care.
A RIKEN research team successfully generated two-color X-ray laser pulses in the hard X-ray region, showcasing improved tunability and spatial separation. This achievement will facilitate investigations into ultrafast chemistry, plasma physics, and astrophysics.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute found the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein plays a critical role in suppressing cell migration and metastasis in basal-like breast carcinomas. The study suggests that Rb suppression stimulates collective cell-based invasion, leading to lymphovascular invasion and metastasis.
A U of A research team has identified a giant cosmic accelerator above the Earth, accelerating particles to near-light speeds within the Van Allen radiation belt. The discovery could improve space weather forecasts and protect man-made systems from damage.
A recent study by Boston Children's Hospital researchers has identified Tet1 as a crucial protein involved in wiping out genetic imprints from primordial germ cells. The findings could provide insights into the cause of certain neonatal growth defects, while also advancing the development of stem cell models of disease.
The study found that low-frequency waves, known as Ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves, accelerate particles in the radiation belts to near-light speed. This mechanism has important implications for understanding cosmic particle acceleration throughout the universe.
A recent study published in The Lancet Oncology found that cancer survival rates still differ significantly between European countries, with Nordic countries having the best survival rates for most cancers. However, there is evidence of narrowing gaps between east and west, particularly for breast and prostate cancers.
Researchers have successfully extracted and sequenced the oldest hominin DNA to date from a 400,000-year-old fossil from Sima de los Huesos in Northern Spain. The mitochondrial genome sequence reveals that the ancient hominins are related to Denisovans and share a common ancestor with them about 700,000 years ago.
Researchers found that alien harlequin ladybirds are less likely to be parasitized by common wasps and flies than native UK species. The study supports the Enemy Release Hypothesis, suggesting that native predators and parasites may struggle to attack invasive species.
New fossils support Andrey Martynov's theory that wasps emerged from snakefly-like ancestors around 260-270 million years ago. The study also identifies the origins of alderfly and nanosialid families.
Scientists will attempt to identify a molecular signal indicating severity of brain-injury in patients at risk for vasospasm after hemorrhagic stroke. The goal is to establish individualized care and respond rapidly to changing health conditions, allowing earlier intervention and preventing secondary injuries.
Researchers have developed a tiny capsule that can detect occult blood in the stomach at very low levels, enabling early diagnosis of stomach cancer. The device is non-toxic and acid-safe, and has been shown to be reliable and simple to use.
A study published in Cerebral Cortex found that mice raised without a father exhibited impaired social behavior, increased aggression, and altered brain anatomy. The findings suggest that paternal presence during critical growth periods is essential for healthy child development.
The World Stem Cell Report 2013 presents innovative solutions for accelerating stem cell treatments and eventual cures, addressing regulatory, legal, and ethical roadblocks. The report is a benchmark guide for moving the field forward, supporting the 2013 World Stem Cell Summit.
A study published in the International Journal of Obesity found that pro-inflammatory proteins associated with adult obesity may actually protect young children from insulin resistance. The research team studied obese and non-obese African-American and Caucasian children, aged 7-9, to better understand inflammation's role in developing...
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a technique to form virtual walls for oily liquids, confining them to a certain area. This development has implications for guided delivery of oil and effective blockage of oil spreading.
A recent study found that random fluctuations in brain cell activity may influence our choices when faced with equal options. The research suggests that the orbitofrontal cortex plays a key role in decision-making and that neuronal signals can be biased by random noise, leading to close calls.
Researchers estimate that coastal areas absorb approximately 250 million metric tons of carbon each year, compared to a century ago when they released about 150 million metric tons. This shift suggests that coastal oceans play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and can help counteract climate change.
A new review finds that sea level rise and shoreline retreat are the two most certain factors expected to increase future flood risk from tropical cyclones. Accelerated sea level rise will significantly intensify flooding by these storms.
A study published in The Journal of Mammalogy found that female prairie dogs who mate with two or more males rear more offspring than those that mate with only one male. The research, led by John Hoogland, suggests that the benefits of polyandry outweigh the costs for most species of prairie dogs.
Researchers explore the connection between pesticides and Parkinson's disease, discovering two genetic mutations linked to increased risk in pesticide-exposed individuals. The study highlights the complexity of the disease and the need for further investigation into pesticide exposure and its potential effects on human health.
Astronomers have glimpsed the infrastructure of a gamma-ray burst jet using observations from the Liverpool Telescope's RINGO2 instrument. The study reveals that light from the reverse shock wave, which drives back into the jet debris, shows strong and stable polarized emissions.
The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) has completed its commissioning phase, with all three science instruments deemed healthy. The LADEE spacecraft is now in a high-altitude preliminary orbit, preparing for its 100-day science mission to gather information about the moon's structure and composition.
A recent study by Mark Baker and colleagues has identified nine proteins that contribute to the cherished aroma of black Périgord truffles. The researchers also discovered biomarkers of authenticity, freshness, and perfume maturation, shedding light on this culinary delicacy.
Researchers discovered ultrafast recycling of synaptic vesicles in nerve cells, allowing for rapid signal transmission and potentially protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. This process enables the brain and muscles to function continuously without interruption.
A young star formed in the Milky Way galaxy underwent an explosive growth, becoming 100 times brighter than its current state within the past 100-1,000 years. This sudden increase was caused by a chemical reaction that enabled the formation of complex molecules like methanol.
Researchers found that new vibration absorbers can reduce wheel squeal in public rail systems, but had a modest impact on rolling noise. The devices attach to the wheels or tracks of rail transit systems and may be effective in reducing wheel squeal, but more testing is needed to fully understand their effectiveness.
Scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center developed a method to count tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes reliably and quickly, which correlates with improved survival rates. The technology has the potential to predict treatment response, cancer recurrence, and disease-free survival earlier and more effectively.
Researchers found TLR4 signaling increases apoptotic ratio in hippocampal neurons stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Inhibiting AKT and GSK-3β pathways decreases active Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios, suggesting a new target for neurodegenerative disease treatment.
Researchers measured sound levels at a Formula 1 track and found that without protection, spectators could reach 234% or 85.85 dB of their daily allowed noise dosage going by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards. The study suggests wearing good hearing protection is essential to avoid permanent damage.
Researchers at MIT found that the Arctic Ocean is becoming a more efficient carbon sink due to increased biological growth in summer months. However, some regions, such as the Barents Sea, become carbon sources, emitting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A team of Montréal researchers discovered that the protein PC7 plays a critical role in the brain by affecting cognitive performance such as anxiety, learning, and emotional memory. The study found that mice lacking PC7 had impaired episodic and emotional memories, while exhibiting increased levels of dopamine in the brain.
Researchers at Emory University have confirmed their methods and results by replicating a previous study involving 13 dogs. The experiment showed that most dogs exhibited a positive response in the caudate region when given a hand signal indicating a treat, suggesting similarities with human brain function.
The Van Allen Probes mission reveals that high-energy particles in Earth's radiation belts can be accelerated to nearly the speed of light by ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves. Scientists hope to use this discovery to better predict space weather conditions and protect orbiting satellites.
A CU-Boulder-led team has discovered that ring-tailed lemurs in Madagascar consistently sleep in limestone chambers for their nightly rest. The behavior provides safety from predators, access to water and nutrients, and refuge from human activities.
Researchers have determined the structure of TRPV1, a protein that plays a central role in pain perception and heat sensation, at near-atomic resolution using electron cryo-microscopy. This breakthrough offers fresh insights to drug designers searching for new pain treatments and sheds light on the protein's unique properties.
A UConn research team has found a way to stabilize hemoglobin, the oxygen carrier protein in the blood, by wrapping it in a polymer chain. This discovery could lead to the development of stable vaccines and affordable artificial blood substitutes.
A new study reveals that even low levels of daily UVA1 exposure can cause skin damage and premature aging. Researchers found that just two daily exposures can start the skin-aging process, highlighting the need for better sunscreens to protect against these damaging rays.
Astronomers have discovered the youngest known neutron-star binary, Circinus X-1, which is approximately 4,600 years old. The team used data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to determine the age of this record-breaking pair, revealing a unique opportunity to study matter under extreme conditions.
Researchers developed a method to feed dyed leaves to silkworms, producing colored silk fibers without harsh chemicals. The study successfully incorporated azo dyes into the caterpillars' silk, paving the way for more environmentally friendly textile production.
A study by Jiang et al. found that baicalin inhibited colistin sulfate-induced neuronal apoptosis in PC12 cells by suppressing free radical injury, reducing caspase-3 activity and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Cell viability increased, and cell morphology improved.
A new study found that antiretroviral therapy has saved 2.8 million years of life in South Africa since 2004, with projections of an additional 15.1 million years saved by 2030. Aggressive HIV testing and treatment strategies could further increase these benefits.
A new analysis published in Nature suggests that the coastal ocean now takes in more carbon dioxide than it releases, potentially impacting global predictions related to climate change. Researchers propose a mechanism for the shift, which could make the coastal ocean a more important carbon sink in the future.
A study by Dr. Edward Anderson found that time differences have a negative and statistically significant impact on merchandise trade, particularly in goods trade. The research analyzed 55 years' worth of data on exports between 146 countries and found that each hour of time difference reduces international goods trade by between two an...
Researchers analyzed tongue twisters to understand the brain's speech-planning processes. They found that different types of tongue twisters induced distinct speech errors, revealing key differences in brain processing.
Researchers assessed MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in 12 patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. The procedure proved safe and effective, with 10 patients showing no residual disease post-surgery. Continuous MRI monitoring allowed for precise temperature control during the ablation process.
A new study reveals that ocean acidification causes anxious behavior in juvenile rockfish, affecting their ability to forage and navigate. The researchers found that the affected fish preferred dark areas and showed altered behavior even after being returned to normal seawater.
A study found that women who had more frequent screening mammography had a significantly lower rate of lymph node positivity, improving patient prognosis. The researchers suggest that following guidelines recommending annual screening beginning at age 40 may benefit breast cancer patients.
A study of over 1,000 New Zealanders found that those who attempted suicide before age 24 had higher rates of metabolic syndrome, depression, and unemployment later in life. These individuals were also more likely to be hospitalized for psychiatric problems and reported feeling lonely and dissatisfied with life.
A new study published in Demography reveals that improvements in education levels around the world have been key drivers of economic growth in developing countries. In contrast to previous assumptions, the researchers found that declines in fertility rates do not lead to economic development.
Research on tween television programs found that girls are portrayed as more attractive and concerned about their appearance, while boys are stereotypically depicted as brave in action-adventure genres. This can shape children's self-concepts and conceptions of gender roles.
A study found that 74.8% of obese patients were poor sleepers, with significant associations between sleep quality and mood disturbance, as well as anxiety and depression. The study highlights the importance of screening for sleep problems in individuals with severe obesity to improve quality of life.
New research estimates that over a third of twin births and three-quarters of triplets in the US are caused by fertility treatments. Non-IVF fertility treatments have increased to become the leading cause of medically assisted multiple births, while IVF is now often producing twins.
A new study by Smithsonian researchers at Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics shows that iPad-based simulations improve student understanding of astronomical scale, compared to traditional classroom instruction. Students grasped the concept more effectively when using iPads to explore 3-D simulations of the universe.
A new study has identified five distinct humpback whale populations in the North Pacific Ocean, which could impact conservation efforts. The research used genetic analysis to determine population differences and migratory patterns.
A new fossil species, Niassodon mfumukasi, has been discovered in Mozambique, providing new data on the evolution of ancient mammal relatives. The fossil, dated to approximately 256 million years ago, belongs to a group of synapsids that dominated land communities during the Late Permian period.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center used Droplet Digital PCR to quantify tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), a subpopulation of immune cells that improve cancer survival. Higher TIL levels correlate positively with patient survival, suggesting an active role in suppressing tumor formation. The study paves the way...
Researchers developed a novel biomimetic tissue engineered bone graft that successfully repaired bone defects in rabbits. The graft, consisting of rabbit adipose derived stem cells and a porous beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffold, promoted osteogenesis and was biocompatible.
The OCEAN CERTAIN project aims to improve understanding of the biological pump, a process that absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and stores it in marine sediments. The four-year, $12 million project will investigate the importance of this process in shaping future climate change.
Scientists at the University of Maryland have developed a novel RNA-Seq analysis method that reveals the complex interplay between invading bacterial pathogens and their host mammalian cells. The study found that human immune responses to chlamydial infection contribute to disease, leading to tissue scarring.
Research reveals that African-American college students are aware of the benefits of breast-feeding for infants, yet many hesitate due to social stigma and discomfort in public. The study suggests that early education and exposure can encourage positive attitudes towards breast-feeding among young Black women.
An estimated 463 children in England start smoking every day, while 55 and 30 do so in Scotland and Wales respectively. Smoking at a young age poses significant health risks, including lung development issues and increased cancer risk.
Researchers have successfully paired bacteria with loofahs to create a power-generating microbial fuel cell, outperforming traditional devices. This innovative method uses low-cost, sustainable natural materials to generate clean energy from waste.
Researchers at EPFL have discovered a method to fit pulses together within optical fibers, increasing the capacity by up to ten times. This approach reduces the unused empty space for data in the fiber, enabling faster and more reliable data transmission.
A recent study found that the death of an adult son significantly increased depressive symptoms in mothers, but not fathers. Mothers who relied heavily on their sons for support experienced greater declines in overall health and wellbeing. In contrast, the loss of a daughter had no impact on parental wellbeing.
Researchers have identified a new potent and selective PI3Kdelta inhibitor, GS-9820, which regulates osteoclast shape and resorptive activity. This discovery offers a potential new approach for treating inflammatory bone diseases and skeletal metastases.
A team of scientists found that male katydids can synchronize their chirps in the presence of a masking trill, with the ability to detect low-frequency components. The researchers used tiny hook electrodes to study the neural activity of katydids and discovered that an auditory neuron was involved in detecting these frequency components.
A study led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center researchers found that carbon monoxide can prevent tumor growth and amplify chemotherapy's effects, sparing healthy tissue. The findings suggest CO induces an 'anti-Warburg' effect, fueling cancer cell bioenergetics until metabolic exhaustion.
Researchers found that even DOD-approved soundproof rooms can be compromised by poor design and sealing issues. To improve security, acoustic door seals and mandatory entry vestibules are proposed as remedies.