A recent analysis suggests that reducing livestock emissions can help mitigate climate change, particularly methane and nitrous oxide. Ruminants, such as cattle, produce copious amounts of methane in their digestive systems, with greenhouse gas emissions from these animals being 19-48 times higher than plant-based protein sources.
A systematic review presents the state of the art in investigating the existence of grains in space-time, which could lead to violations of special relativity. Physicists have devised methods to test these deviations using high-energy astrophysics phenomena.
Researchers evaluated mangafodipir, an MRI contrast agent with antioxidant properties, for relief of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Mangafodipir treatment reduced neurotoxicity and decreased neurological symptoms in both mouse models and human patients.
A new study from the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that businesses with head offices in highly religious communities were less likely to experience stock price crashes due to not disclosing bad financial news. Strong social norms, regardless of whether individuals are religious or not, can help minimize bad ...
A six-year study by University of Warwick researchers found that companies mentioned more frequently in the Financial Times tend to have higher trading volumes and changes in stock prices. The study used daily print issues from 2007-2012 to analyze the relationship between financial news and market movements.
Research using a mouse model of Loeys-Dietz syndrome reveals that enhanced TGF-beta signaling contributes to the development of aortic aneurysms. Treatment with Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists shows promise in ameliorating aortic aneurysm progression.
Researchers have developed a nonsense suppression drug that can restore function in mice with aniridia, a progressive disease affecting the eyes and brain. The treatment, ataluren, was administered topically to postnatal aniridia mice and successfully reversed eye deformations and restored vision.
Tropical Cyclone Bruce strengthened to a Category 4 hurricane with maximum sustained winds near 143.8 mph, creating rough seas and waves up to 30 feet high. The cyclone is forecast to curve to the southeast after three days, eventually becoming extra-tropical.
Researchers have discovered that neuronal RNA granules are highly heterogeneous and dynamic in their composition, containing proteins that repress protein synthesis. This uncoupling of mRNA transport from protein production is essential for learning and memory, and has implications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases.
The study found that high levels of depressive symptoms may be associated with delayed antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among HIV-infected Russian drinkers. Cognitive symptoms of depression were also linked to poorer ART adherence in this population.
Researchers identified a fungal surface protein that promotes invasion of host cells in mucormycosis. The loss of this protein decreases infection and virulence in Mucorales fungi.
A study published in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology reveals that the protein responsible for copper excretion uses a unique transport mechanism to remove toxic copper from cells. This knowledge has important implications for understanding copper-related diseases, as well as developing new antibiotics targeting harmful bacteria.
A study published in Psychological Science found that a cyclical mindset, focusing on recurring experiences rather than linear goals, can lead to higher savings rates. Participants who used a cyclical approach saved an average of $223 over two weeks, compared to $130-$140 for those using a linear mindset.
Research suggests that future global food security projections may be overly optimistic due to stagnant crop yields in intensively cropped areas. This could lead to increased marginal costs and decreased returns on investment in agricultural research and development.
ChroGPS is a software application that facilitates the analysis and interpretation of epigenetic data. The program provides easily interpretable maps to analyze and understand the immense volume of epigenetic and genetic data available.
A team of researchers has pinpointed a critical intermediate step in the chemical pathway that leads to amyloid fibril formation, which is implicated in type 2 diabetes and other diseases. The findings provide a new target for potential treatment, such as designing an inhibitor drug to block the harmful pathway.
A new hand-held optical device can scan a patient's entire retina in seconds, detecting early signs of diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and macular degeneration. This innovation enables primary care physicians to screen a wider population outside traditional specialist offices.
A study by Gary Lupyan reveals that humans make mistakes in even the simplest rule-based calculations, favoring contextual information over clear rules. People consistently mistake numbers like 798 for odd and prefer 400 as a better even number.
Resident concerns rise as sugar cane fires get too close to homes despite controlled burns being conducted. The absence of a regulating agency is a major issue, leaving farmers and homeowners at risk.
The Van Allen Probes have provided high-resolution measurements that suggest local acceleration is at work in the Earth's radiation belts. This discovery resolves decades of uncertainty over the origin of ultra-relativistic electrons and has important implications for understanding planetary magnetospheres throughout the universe.
A team of scientists has discovered that charge carriers in cuprate high-Tc superconductors form nanostripes that can suppress superconductivity. The research uses synchrotron radiation to detect the elusive phenomenon of charge order and measure related nanostructures with high precision.
The Allen Institute for Brain Science has released major updates to its online public resources, including the Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas, Human Brain Atlas, and more. These updates provide freely available tools and data for researchers worldwide, accelerating understanding of brain function and disease.
Researchers at LA BioMed developed antibodies to prevent human cell invasion and treat mucormycosis using CotH protein blocker. The study provides groundwork for developing therapies and diagnostic tests for high-risk patients.
Researchers identified three proteins that target a key enzyme in the phenol synthesis reaction, reducing its levels and lower plant phenols. This finding could improve biofuel production and lead to increased synthesis of antioxidant-rich compounds.
Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna successfully performed hippo castrations, a long-studied challenge due to anaesthesia issues. The procedure enabled controlling captive hippopotamus populations, improving animal welfare.
Scientists have discovered that microRNA-128 plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression in neurons, leading to increased neuron activity and epilepsy. The study used mice experiments to demonstrate the effects of reducing microRNA-128 levels, which can help hamper muscle activation.
Researchers found that parasitic DNA elements proliferate in mouse tissues as they age, particularly in cancerous tumors. Calorie restriction can reduce this activity, suggesting a potential target for preventing chronic diseases associated with aging.
A new Ohio State University study found that a combination of two ADHD medications, along with parent training, significantly reduced aggressive behavior in children. The treatment approach showed promise in addressing physical aggression and disruptive behavior in children aged 6-12 with ADHD.
Researchers will measure mercury in atmosphere, snowpack, and soil to track its movement in the tundra. The study aims to understand the role of soils in mercury cycling and assess a theory of enhanced mercury deposition during Arctic winters.
Researchers at UCLA discovered a mechanism by which certain adult stem cells suppress their ability to initiate skin cancer during dormancy. The study found that PTEN gene plays a crucial role in tumor suppression via quiescence in hair follicle stem cells.
Researchers have discovered that the mitochondria of Amborella trichopoda, a sprawling shrub in the remote South Pacific, have acquired six genome equivalents of foreign DNA. The plant's energy-producing organelles absorbed genes from moss, green algae and flowering plants, creating an enormous mitochondrial genome.
Researchers Dr. O'Neill and Botticello will study ways to improve disability statistics, focusing on disparities in employment outcomes and geographic concentration of people with disabilities. The goal is to bridge the divide between data producers and users, supporting better decision-making and more effective programs.
Researchers studied computer simulations and found distinct forms of events, which were later confirmed through experiments. The study's findings show that the shape of an avalanche holds more information than traditional indices.
African American women and girls living in urban areas face significant barriers to physical activity, including lack of access to gyms and limited time. Wanda Thompson's research suggests that personalized, community-based programs like church fitness initiatives can promote a healthier lifestyle and reduce health risks.
A US study found that women who gained too little weight during pregnancy are at increased risk of losing their baby in its first year of life. The study, published in the American Journal of Public Health, showed that nearly a quarter of women did not gain enough weight during pregnancy.
Researchers found that increasing dietary fiber intake by just 1 extra portion of wholegrains and more fruit and vegetables can significantly lower the risk of heart disease. A 7g daily increase in fiber consumption was associated with a lower risk of CVD and CHD events.
Researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have developed the first genetic model of syngnathia, a rare congenital disorder characterized by fused upper and lower jaws. The study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the defect, which affects regions such as the head, heart, or gut.
Cancer immunotherapy emerged as a major scientific breakthrough in 2013, with promising results from clinical trials. Researchers have also made significant advances in genome-editing techniques and vaccine design strategies.
A new Duke study found that nurse home visiting programs can reduce healthcare costs by $3 for every $1 spent, while also improving health and parenting outcomes. Participating families had lower rates of maternal anxiety and safer home environments than non-participating families.
Scientists discovered that Atlantic slipper shell larvae control their swimming speed by subtly shifting the position of their velar lobes, demonstrating complex neuromuscular control. The ability to make small movements with these lobes allows the larvae to swim at varying speeds, determining individual dispersal and survival.
Researchers found that K-Ras mutations allow cancer cells to survive and invade tissues without normal survival signals. The study suggests that these mutations promote invasion by subverting the mechanism of normal cell death.
Researchers have developed a DNA clamp that can detect genetic mutations in cancer with greater efficiency than current methods, paving the way for rapid screening and new nanotechnology tools. The technology uses triple helices to improve specificity and has potential applications in diagnostic tests and DNA-based nanostructures.
Researchers found that girls' brains undergo a selective process called preferential detachment, preserving long-distance connections that integrate information. This process may explain why brain function improves during maturation in females.
Advances in metabolic engineering and systems biology are optimizing fungi to produce specific bioproducts, improving cellular performance, and utilizing fungal diversity. The journal article provides a comprehensive overview of the integrated approaches used to customize fungal cell factories for industrial applications.
The Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative has identified nearly 60% of the newly discovered species as insects or small terrestrial invertebrates. DNA analysis has also revealed new insights into fungal and marine species, providing a better understanding of Norway's ecosystems.
A new study reveals the BCG vaccine is highly protective against pulmonary TB globally, including in tropical regions. The key to its effectiveness lies in early vaccination before prior infection, suggesting a crucial role for BCG in controlling TB's major burden and transmission.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a new method to map the 3D structure of membrane proteins, including the human serotonin receptor. This approach enables faster and more accurate imaging, potentially condensing the timeline for structural studies from months to days.
Researchers analyzed transaction data from 30 McDonald's restaurants to find that reducing the size of French fries decreased the calorie count in children's meals by 104 calories. Children mostly stuck with their original entrée choice, but opted for lower-calorie beverages like milk instead of soda.
Researchers discovered the largest example of horizontal gene transfer in any organism, where <i> Amborella </i> acquired foreign genes from green algae and other plants. The study provides insight into the evolution of mitochondrial fusion and its role in horizontal gene transfer.
Atrial fibrillation management remains suboptimal in Europe, with low adoption of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and inconsistent treatment guideline adherence. The pilot registry found that oral anticoagulant use has increased, but NOAC use is still limited, particularly among females.
Researchers measured the electric dipole moment of electrons to probe the Standard Model's limitations. Their results suggest that supersymmetric particles may not exist as predicted, leaving gaps in our understanding of dark matter and the universe.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified a new gene, GRHL3, responsible for the most common form of cleft lip and palate syndrome, Van der Woude syndrome. The study found that mutations in GRHL3 may be associated with an increased risk of clefts in non-syndromic cases.
Researchers found that computer users make broader generalizations when it comes to movement learning. Computer-naive individuals converted their generalization patterns after just two weeks of intensive mouse use, suggesting that computer use fundamentally affects neural representation of movements.
Scientists have successfully differentiated human pluripotent stem cells into kidney tubular cells using a specific cocktail of chemicals. The resulting cells expressed key markers and could form functional tubules when transplanted into adult mouse kidneys.
A new study found that 80% of scientific data are lost within two decades, highlighting the need for public archives to preserve research findings. The authors recommend making data upload a condition for publication in scientific journals.
Researchers found that nearly 8% of metal-on-metal hip replacements have no readily available clinical effectiveness evidence. The study highlights the need for improved device regulation to prevent widespread use of untested implants.
The Amborella genome sequence reveals a 'genome doubling event' that occurred 200 million years ago, explaining the sudden proliferation of new flower species. The discovery provides insights into the genetic origins of important traits in food crops and has significant implications for crop improvement.
Researchers have predicted and confirmed the existence of unusual sodium chlorides that break traditional charge balance rules in chemistry. These compounds may have practical applications and could exist in planetary interiors under high pressure.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have created a micro-sized robotic torsional muscle/motor made from vanadium dioxide, achieving unprecedented power density and speed. The device can catapult objects over 50 times its own weight with remarkable efficiency.
Researchers used X-ray laser to map the 3D structure of a key cellular gatekeeper, the human serotonin receptor. The breakthrough technique uses smaller crystals and produces high-resolution images, potentially condensing years-long studies into days.